576 research outputs found
Gold Coated Tungsten Tips for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
No full textThis article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Review of Scientific Instruments and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1144069.Electrochemically etched tungsten scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tips are dc sputter coated with 20 nm of gold (0.04 rim/s and 10 mTorr of argon). Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of typical etched tips and gold-coated etched tips are presented. The gold layer forms as a series of spherical sections having a mean height of 6.7 nm and mean width of 19.6 nm. STM images are reported for the uncoated W tips, and for gold-coated graphite after coating the tip with gold. We also provide scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and STM images of the surface of a thin CuTCNQ film. The STM image taken with a gold-coated W tip compares very well to the SEM image of the same sample. Gold coating provides a relatively inexpensive and easy way to produce chemically stable tips of well known electronic structure for use in ambient atmosphere STM studies of morphology (structures ) 10 nm) where atomic resolution is not required.G.A. Fried, X.D. Wang, and K.W. Hipps. (1993). Gold Coated Tungsten Tips for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. Review of Scientific Instruments. 64. 1495-1501
Model-based optimisation of sustainable biological nutrient removal processes
No full textApplied Science
Erratum: Keating et al. (2017)
No full textIn the article by Keating, X.D., Zhou, K., Liu, J., Shangguan, R., Fan, Y., and Harrison, L., “Research on Preservice Physical Education Teachers’ and Preservice Elementary Teachers’ Physical Education Identities: A Systematic Review,” in Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 36, 2, https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2016-0128, the author order was incorrectly listed. The online version of this article has been corrected.</jats:p
A road map for constructive collaboration among stakeholders: An improvement to stakeholder participation in virtual design and construction engineering design projects
No full textCivil Engineering and GeosciencesStructural EngineeringConstruction Management and Engineerin
Specific factors meet intermediate inputs : implications for strategic complementarities and persistence
No full textA central challenge to monetary business-cycle theory is to find a solution to the problem of persistence and delay in the real effects of monetary shocks. Previous research has identified separately specific factors and intermediate inputs as two promising mechanisms for generating the persistence and delay in a staggered price-setting framework. Models based on either of these two mechanisms have also been used in the design of optimal monetary policy. ; By examining a staggered price model that features both specific factors and intermediate inputs, the author finds an offsetting interaction between the two individually promising mechanisms, which leads to a cancellation of much of the impact of each in propagating monetary shocks. This finding posits a challenge to the search for a robust monetary transmission mechanism and design of optimal monetary policy.Monetary theory
Combined DNA vaccines formulated either in DDA or in saline protect cattle from Mycobacterium bovis infection
No full textWe tested the effectiveness of combined DNA vaccines encoding antigens Ag85B, MPT64 and MPT83 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis on cattle. Our results showed that calves treated with combined DNA vaccines in the presence of dimethyldioctyldecyl ammonium bromide (DDA) or saline elicited a strong gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) response I or 2 months after the third vaccination. All three antigens induced substantial levels of IFN-gamma production I month after the bacterial challenge, when the BCG-driven IFN-gamma levels dropped to less than one third of their peak values. Animals receiving combined DNA vaccines produced highest amounts of IgG antibody titer 2 months after the third vaccination. Steady state low IgG levels were found 2 months after bacterial challenge. A few small lung and lymph node lesions were detected in 115 animals treated with combined DNA vaccines, whereas 3/5 of BCG-treated and 5/5 of vector-control calves showed larger and significantly more lesions. About 70- to 100-fold fewer bacteria were found in the lungs and lymph nodes of combined DNA vaccine-treated animals compared to those of the control group. Histopathological analyses showed that vaccinated calves possessed substantially improved post-infection lung and lymph node pathology relative to the controls. Our data indicate that combined DNA vaccines may be used in cattle to combat bovine tuberculosis. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.ImmunologyMedicine, Research & ExperimentalSCI(E)PubMed0ARTICLE303887-38952
Method of Optimal Design with SVR-PSO for Ultrasonic Cutter Assembly
No full textAbstractThe optimal design parameters of the ultrasonic cutter assembly can be determined by means of the finite element method (FEM). However it is time-consuming because the combinations of design parameters are varied and the optimization of acoustic performance indexes is multi-objective. In order to achieve the optimal combination quickly a new method is proposed which combines support vector regression (SVR) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) into the design for ultrasonic cutter assembly. When the ranges of the design parameters are set, some samples are produced easily with the aid of the parameterized software of the finite element method. The approximate model between the design parameters and the acoustic performance indexes is established with support vector regression. Based on the approximate model a large number of samples are produced quickly as initial particles, and the optimal design parameters of the ultrasonic cutter assembly are defined efficiently with particle swarm optimization. The result demonstrates that the optimization method with SVR-PSO not only reduces the computation time, but also has good accuracy compared with the finite element method
Research of transfer quantum hall resistance with direct current comparator bridge instrument
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