84 research outputs found
Dermatitis due to Mesostigmatic mites (Dermanyssus gallinae, Ornithonyssus [O.] bacoti, O. bursa, O. sylviarum) in residential settings
No full textNo abstract available (letter to the Editor
Dermanyssus gallinae attacks humans. Mind the gap!
No full textDermanyssus gallinae is a haematophagous ectoparasite primarily known as a pest of domestic and wild birds. It occasionally feeds on a range of mammals, and, more importantly, is also of growing concern in human medicine. This review highlights mite attacks on people working with poultry and updates the increasing incidence of dermanyssosis in urban environments in Europe. Although several cases of dermanyssosis have been documented, there are a number of reasons why diagnosis of D. gallinae infestations in humans is likely to be underestimated. Firstly, medical specialists are not well aware of D. gallinae infestations in humans. There is also a lack of collaboration with specialists from other disciplines. The problem is compounded by misdiagnoses and by the lack of diagnostic tools. The authors review the literature on human dermanyssosis cases in Europe, and also provide information on the epidemiology, clinical, histo-pathological and immunological aspects of dermanyssosis. They stress the need for improved recognition of this challenging infestation in humans, and provide straightforward recommendations for health practitioners, starting with collection of the correct anamnestic information and including appropriate management methods for case recognition and resolution. Finally, they indicate the most urgent areas to be addressed by future research
Dermanyssus gallinae: A Never-Ending Story for the Poultry Industry and Public Health
No full textThe poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, is a blood-sucking mite of domestic, wild and synanthropic birds.
It poses a significant threat to the poultry industry and hen health worldwide, particularly in Europe. D. gallinae
is increasingly suspected of being a disease vector, and attacks on alternative hosts, like humans, are becoming
more common. This is especially the case for poultry workers, but ordinary city residents living close to birds’
nests are also coming under attack, meaning that D. gallinae is emerging as a public health problem. The economic
importance of this pest has greatly increased for the poultry industry; although poultry production has moved from
conventional cage systems towards a more welfare-oriented breeding system in many parts of the world, D. gallinae
is likely to become more widespread and difficult to control. Synthetic acaricides are still the dominant means of
control, although resistance and treatment failure are widely reported. Furthermore, there are also worrying reports
of possible collateral effects on human health. Correct identification of the red mite is the first requirement before
control methods are applied. A general updated overview of D. gallinae and the related problems are presented here
A gallery of the key characters to ease identification of <it>Dermanyssus gallinae</it> (Acari: Gamasida: Dermanyssidae) and allow differentiation from <it>Ornithonyssus sylviarum</it> (Acari: Gamasida: Macronyssidae)
No full textAbstract Background Dermanyssus gallinae (poultry red mite) is a major threat for the poultry industry and is of significant interest for public health. Identification of D. gallinae can be difficult for scientists not familiar with mite morphology and terminology especially when trying to use identification keys. Moreover, this species may easily be confused with another dermanyssoid mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum (northern fowl mite), which often shares the same hosts and environment. Methods Specimens of D. gallinae were collected at poultry farms in the Puglia and performed for light and scanning electron microscopy observations, identification and micrographs. Moreover specimens of O. sylviarum were collected separately macerated and mounted on slides for light microscopy observations, identification and pictures. Results The micrographs used in this study, based on LM and SEM observations, highlight the following important identifying characters of D. gallinae: the prominent shoulders of the dorsal shield and the jagged edges of the shield reticulations, the position of setae j1, s1 and the epigynal pores, and the presence on tibia IV pl of one seta. Additional micrographs highlighting the shape of the dorsal (abruptly narrowed posteriorly) and epigynal (narrowly rounded posteriorly) shields and the chelicera (elongate, with distinct digits) of O. sylviarum enable its differentiation from D.gallinae. Conclusion The photographic support provided here (both LM and SEM pictures) can be considered a practical tool for scientists who are not well acquainted with the morphology of D.gallinae, and who are involved with classical and molecular systematics, veterinary and human health aspects of poultry red mites.</p
Dermanysuss gallinae attacks humans. Mind the gap!
No full textDermanyssus gallinae is a haematophagous ectoparasite primarily known as a pest of domestic and wild birds. It occasionally feeds on a range of mammals, and, more importantly, is of growing concern in human medicine. This review highlights mite attacks on people working with poultry, and updates the increasing incidence of dermanyssosis in urban environments in Europe. Although several cases of dermanyssosis have been documented, there are a number of reasons why diagnosis of D. gallinae infestations in humans is likely to be underestimated. Firstly, medical specialists are not well aware of D. gallinae infestations in humans. There is also a lack of collaboration with specialists from other disciplines. The problem is compounded by misdiagnoses and by the lack of diagnostic tools. We review the literature on human dermanyssosis cases in Europe, and also provide information on the epidemiology, clinical, histo-pathological and immunological aspects of dermanyssosis. We stress the need for improved recognition of this challenging infestation in humans, and provide straightforward recommendations for health practitioners, starting with collection of the correct anamnestic information and including appropriate management methods for case recognition and resolution. Finally, we indicate the most urgent areas to be addressed by future research
IL DIRITTO DEL LAVORO NELLE IMPRESE SOCIALMENTE RESPONSABILI
No full textThe author starts from CSR definition as it is set by the Green Paper of the European Commission, where great importance is given to labour issures, in order to examine how it affects labour law and if, how and how much labour relationships may change in companiers voluntarily involvede in it. The expert in labour law is conscious of the importance of the change takin place, especially when the tespect of rules is connected to social and environmental sustainability targets, but he/she is also conscious of the risk of bargaining a lowe workers' protection
DERMANYSSUS GALLINAE and its public Health consequences
No full textThe poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, is best known as a threat to the laying hen industry, adversely affecting hen health and welfare
through both its feeding behavior and role as disease vector. However, due to its genetic plasticity, PRM attacks wild and synanthropic birds as well
and, more importantly, has consequences in non-avian hosts, particularly humans. Poultry workers, farmers, technicians and veterinarians are most
at risk for dermanyssosis and the inclusion of PRM as an occupational hazard has been recommended. In the mean time, reports of dermatological
complaints have increased in frequency, in several countries, including residential town settings (private homes, hospitals, public offices), typically
linked to nearby feral (pigeons, sparrows, etc.) (mostly recently-abandoned) birds’ nests. Attacks of D. gallinae to humans cause pruritus, skin lesions
characterized by small erythematous papules -mostly concentrated on arms, hands, chest, legs - which are often misdiagnosed by medical clinicians.
The medical significance of dermanyssosis is exacerbated by the potential of the PRM to carry and transmit zoonotic diseases of both bacterial and
viral origin. Additionally, in the poultry farm context, since chemicals are still the dominant means of PRM control, they may have adverse effects on
humans, both directly, for workers exposed to chemicals and indirectly through consumption of poultry meat and eggs containing pesticide residues.
The recent scandal on the use of an unlicensed product (fipronil) provides clear evidence of such risk. The CoReMi COST Action also focuses on
the One Health paradigm, aimed to encourage interactions and exchange information among medical practitioners, environmentalists, veterinarians,
academics, industrial researchers, and promoting actions for an increase awareness of D. gallinae infestations in humans, mite identification,
development of diagnostic tools, advance and use of non-chemicals control measures, in order to limit the consequences of D. gallinae and safeguard
animal, human and environmental health.
The authors wish to thank the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST Action (FA1404 - COREMI)“Improving current understanding
and research for sustainable control of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae”)
The emergence of Dermanyssus gallinae as an arthropod pest in urban context and the "one Health" approach. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on urban pests.
No full textGrowth performance and meat quality of buffalo young bulls: 2: effect of dietary level of maize silage
No full textGrowth performance and meat quality of buffalo
young bulls: 2. Effect of dietary level of maize silage
Felicia Masucci1, Carmela Maria Assunta Barone1, Fabio
Napolitano2, Maria Luisa Varricchio1, Antonio Zullo1, Antonio Di
Francia1
1Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta, dell’Ambiente e
delle Produzioni Animali Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
2Dipartimento di Scienze delle Produzioni Animali, Università
della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Aim of this study was to evaluate growth performance and meat
quality of buffalo bulls fed two diets with different maize silage
contents. Compositions (kg/head/d) of low (LS) and high silage
diets (HS) were the following: maize silage 3.0 vs 10.5; alfalfa hay 0 vs 2.0; barley 0.25 vs 0.75; wheat flour middlings 1.0 vs 1.0; wheat straw 3.0 vs 0; commercial concentrate for lactating buffalo cows 0 vs 2.5; commercial concentrate for young buffalo bulls 4.5 vs 0. The diets were approximately isoenergetic [0.92 vs 0.91 Milk FU/kg dry matter (DM)] and isonitrogenous (14.7 vs 14.7 CP% DM).
Fourteen young buffalo bulls (316±70 days of age and 436±67 kglive weight) were assigned into the two dietary groups. Average
daily gain (ADG) was calculated every 2 weeks, along with DM
intake (DMI), calculated on pen basis. On a subgroup of 4 individuals per groups, carcass traits were recorded at slaughter. Meat quality (hardness, cohesion, chewiness, WB shear force) and
meat colour (L*, a*, b*) were evaluated on 7-day aged muscles
(Longissimus dorsi, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus). DMI
and carcass traits were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. ADG and
meat quality parameters were analyzed by a linear mixed model
for repeated measures. No differences were observed for diet DMI (8.41 vs 8.64 kg DM/day for LS and HS diets, respectively; SE 0.44), as a consequence ADG did not differ between the groups (0.92 vs 0.89 kg/day; SE 0.04). All carcasses had the same carcass conformation (O) and fatness (4) scores. No differences were observed for carcass traits (carcass weight 250 vs 249 kg; SE 8.13; dressing percentages 52.1 vs 50.6%; SE 1.1) and any meat quality parameters.
Therefore, maize silage can be either used as the primary
source of roughage or in combination with other forages without
affecting growth performance and meat quality
Release of DNA from Dermanyssus gallinae during the Biting Process
No full textDermanyssus gallinae is a hematophagous ectoparasitic mite that usually infests poultry, but
is also known for occasionally attacking other animals and humans. It represents a major problem for
poultry systems all over the world, with detrimental effects for both production and animal welfare.
Despite the significance of D. gallinae, very little is known about the biting process to date. Therefore,
this study has aimed to verify if mite DNA is injected into the host skin during the blood meal. Mite
DNA has been detected by seminested PCR from infested chicken skin and quantified by real-time
PCR. Furthermore, its localization within the host tissue has been checked by fluorescent in situ
hybridization. Results showed that a very little amount of D. gallinae DNA can be released by mites,
suggesting that the latter do not introduce whole or partially destroyed cells into the host, but rather
it injects traces of nucleic acids, possibly together with merocrine secretions
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