3,526 research outputs found
Post-war British working-class fiction with special reference to the novels of John Braine, Alan Sillitoe, Stan Barstow, David Storey and Barry Hines
No full textThis study is about British working-class fiction in the post-war period.
It covers various authors such as Robert Tressell, George Orwell, Walter Greenwood, Lewis Grassic Gibbon and DH Lawrence from the early twentieth century; writers traditionally classified as 'Angry Young Men' like John Osborne, Arnold Wesker, Shelagh Delaney, John Wain and
Kingsley Amis; and working-class novelists like John Braine, Stan Barstow, David Storey, Alan Sillitoe and Barry Hines from the 1950s and 1960s.
Some of the main issues dealt with in the course of this study are language, form, community, self/identity/autobiography, sexuality and relationship with bourgeois art. The major argument centres on two questions: representation of working-class life, and the
relationship between working-class literary tradition and dominant ideologies.
We will be arguing that while working-class fiction succeeded in challenging and rupturing bourgeois literary tradition, on the level of language and linguistic medium of expression for example, it utterly failed to break away from dominant, bourgeois modes of literary production in relation to form, for instance.
Our argument is situated within Marxist approaches to literature, a political and aesthetic position from which we attempt an analysis and an evaluation of this working-class literary tradition. These critical approaches provide us also with the theoretical tool to define the political perspective of this tradition, and to judge whether it was confined to a descriptive mode of representation or
located in a radical, political outlook
David Fable Books No 1
No full textThere are five stories in this book. I ordered this one for the collection because of the title of the first: The Story of Anna, Buddy, and the Country Mouse. That story is utterly charming, together with its colored lithographs. The author frequently pauses to note to the reader elements of a picture that the reader might miss. There is a first visit to a town, complete with a visit to a restaurant for tea, but in this case the two dogs sit nicely at a table and order, while Homer the mouse gets on top of the table. The three then again travel by bus back to the country. The five stories are interspersed with illustrations for traditional rhymes, including Sing a Song of Sixpence. Indeed, it is the art that makes this book, along with the charm of whimsical local stories. Coppin was serving in the armed forces overseas during World War II and wrote these stories for his son David, to whom the book is dedicated. There is a picture of David facing the Publisher's Introduction at the book's beginning.This is a hardbound book (hard cover)Alan Middleton Coppi
Activation of Aryl C-H and C-X bonds by a pincer-ligated 'PCP' iridium complex
No full textThe activation of carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds mediated by transition metal complexes is a fundamental step in a vast array of chemical transformations and industrial processes. As such, research into the understanding of the factors governing both efficiency and selectivity of these reactions has been intense. The work presented in this thesis comprises results of experiments designed to evaluate the ability of a pincer-ligated iridium complex to activate the C-H bonds of several classes of aryl substrates. The pincer-ligated iridium fragment (PCP)Ir (PCP = {κ3-2,6-bis[(di-tert-butylphosphino)methyl]phenyl}) rapidly and reversibly adds the C-H bond of benzene, giving a kinetically labile addition product. The kinetics and thermodynamics of C-H activation of a series of halogen-, alkyl-, and trifluoromethyl-substituted arenes were studied with a particular focus on determining whether “directing” effects play a significant role. In regard to electronic effects, it was observed that electron withdrawing aryl substituents favor C-H activation. Products of C-H activation ortho to weakly or non-coordinating substituents (e.g., Cl, Br, CF3) are kinetically more stable than those of the meta- and para-substituted analogs, due to steric crowding in the transition state for addition and elimination. However, there is no thermodynamic preference for the ortho-substituted complexes. In addition to C-H activation, (PCP)Ir also activates C-X bonds (X = Cl, Br) under certain conditions, yielding product mixtures through a mechanism that remains unclear. Several series of polycyclic aromatic substrates (naphthalenes, biphenyls, bipyridines, and associated tricyclic analogs) were also studied, giving insight into the utility of aryl C-H activation and preferred binding modes of the (PCP)Ir fragment. Not surprisingly, steric effects play a significant role in the regioselectivity of polycyclic aromatic C-H bond activation by (PCP)Ir. Cyclometalation reactions resulting from single or double C-H activation processes yield particularly stable products. Additional results included an unexpected C-C activation, and several products stabilized by heteroatom (N, O) coordination to iridium. Activation of large polycycles like terpyridine yielded stable, κ2 chelates that may be of value in research on organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Finally, several congested (PCP)Ir dimers were synthesized by taking advantage of the remarkable stability of the products from cyclometalation to the (PCP)Ir complex.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby David Alan Lavisk
Why Torture?
No full textI develop a framework to account for torture, which I argue should be understood with reference to international relations. I show that torture is intended as a tool to ensure the security, stability and legitimacy of elites, often transnationally, but there is often a disjuncture between its intended and actual outcomes. Despite dominant claims that torture is used to defeat security threats, most torture is intended to deter political opposition and secure legitimacy for elites. I conclude that torture should be renounced, both on moral grounds, and because it is not necessary for the functions it is intended to serve
David Stockman
No full textDavid Alan Stockman (born November 10, 1946) is a former businessman and U.S. politician who served as a Republican U.S. Representative from the state of Michigan (1977–1981) and as the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (1981–1985) under President Ronald Reagan. He is also a well known author in economics.
(Bio taken from Wikipedia, accessed 11/12/2014)https://nsuworks.nova.edu/nsudigital_forums/1020/thumbnail.jp
Public investment and economic growth in Mexico
No full textMexico's growth rate began to plummet at roughly the same time that its public investment expenditures declined. That decline also appears to coincide with a slowdown in the growth of infrastructure capital in the electricity, transport, and communications sectors. Because of these parallel developments, many economists have attributed at least part of the blame for the decline in Mexico's growth after 1981 to the decline of public infrastructure investment. The empirical results presented in this report provide only limited support for this argument. They also suggest, in turn, that increases in public investment would not automatically translate into faster output and productivity growth. One reason not to take for granted a positive relationship between more public investment and faster growth is public investment's crowding out effect on private investment. Although the time-series regression results for Mexico all point toward a crowding out coefficient of less than unity, the existence limits the growth impact of public investment by reducing its net effect on capital accumulation. The time-series results also suggest that the economy's total factor productivity growth responds positively to increases in the ratio of public to private investment. In light of that result, increases in public investment should have a positive net impact on economic growth, despite significant crowding out effects. Chow breakpoint tests indicate, however, that the positive productivity effect appears to have weakened significantly in the past decade. A third reason for questioning a stable relationship is that the impact of increased public investment is likely to depend on how it is financed. The cross-country regressions reported here indicate that a general increase in the public capital stock has a positive impact on growth only if financed through savings generated through lower public consumption expenditures, but not if financed through higher public debt, which implies higher current and future taxation levels. The scope for reducing public consumption expenditures in Mexico is very limited, however, since they are already at rock bottom levels. Therefore, the only way to assure that the public investment program makes a significant contribution to growth is by improving its"quality"through careful attention to its rate of return and complementarity with private capital. In Mexico the most important reforms to make public investment more productive came from policymakers'recognition of the need to distinguish more clearly between the roles of the public and private sectors. This led to the privatization of most public enterprises and a reorientation of public investment to a more narrowly focused set of activities. In addition, the government took important steps to strengthen the institutional framework within which the public investment program is determined.Macroeconomic Management,Inequality,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Stabilization
Rhenium (I) complexes based on iminopyridyl ligands: Structural, photophysical, and CO2 electrocatalytic reduction studies
No full textFive rhenium complexes [Re(CO)3(N,N)Cl] (C1–5), in which N,N represents iminopyridyl ligands, were successfully synthesized. The structural characterization of these compounds includes NMR, FT-IR, and HRMS analyses. Additionally, the molecular structures of C2 and C3 were determined through X-ray diffraction analysis. Electrochemical characterization indicates a metal-centered HOMO and a ligand-centered LUMO, with the latter strongly influenced by the nature of the substituent. The photophysical properties of all complexes were examined using UV–Vis spectroscopy and spectrofluorometric measurements in dichloromethane solution at
room temperature, as well as in the solid state. All complexes exhibit a spin-allowed MLCT absorption transition in the 405–471 nm range. In degassed dichloromethane solution at room temperature, complexes C1–3 and C5 display an unstructured MLCT emission in the red region of the visible spectrum. In contrast, complex C4, which features the lower-energy absorption, is nearly non-luminescent. Conversely, all complexes show emission in the solid state, with bands presenting a distinctive hypsochromic shift characteristic of MLCT states. Finally, all compounds were evaluated for their ability to promote the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2, showing turnover frequencies (TOFs) ranging from 8.1 to 304.4 s-1
On the Plurality of Lewis's Triviality Results
No full textDavid Lewis introduced a new kind of reductio ad absurdum style of argument: while the claims, suitably formalized, do not lead to outright contradiction, he showed they are tenable only in trivial ways. Lewis proved what are known as triviality results against the claims. The claims are "Probabilities of conditionals are conditional probabilities." "Desires are beliefs about what is good." The author argues that the tenuous connections between the claims go considerably further still: the claims give rise to debates that display a remarkably parallel structure. He brings out their many similarities to illuminate both of them, and to point the way to some promising avenues for future research. He displays structural similarities between the fluctuating fortunes of Stalnaker's Thesis, and those of Desire‐as‐Belief. Lewis concludes telegraphically by saying that Desire by Necessity is "a form of anti‐Humeanism, sure enough, but not the right form of anti‐Humeanism"; and that's it
Writing and the rights of reality: usurpation and potentiality in Derrida, Plato, Nietzsche, and Beckett
No full textThe thesis critically evaluates Jacques Derrida's conferral of the rights of reality on writing, focussing on his theory of an arche-text in light of the speculative nature of this theory. The theory is initially considered in the context of Derrida's elucidation of the usurpatory status of writing within the Platonic and Nietzschean texts. This consideration reveals an admission of writing's usurpatory status by both writers while at the same time demonstrating their awareness of the intrinsically speculative nature of this view, the significance of writing lying in its ability to exteriorise the radically indeterminate status of consciousness m relation to reality rather than its ability to displace consciousness or reality The analyses, therefore, not only bring the Derridean hypothesis of a repressive or phonocentric metaphysical episteme into question but also exhibit the historical and philosophical role of potentiality in relation to writing, writing's ultimate significance lying in its capacity to exteriorise our existence as a mode of potentiality. Accordingly, in the second half of the thesis the Derridean theory of writing is countered with a specifically Aristotelian theory of the text as it is exhibited in the prose of Samuel Beckett, an author whose significance lies in his close alignment with Derridean theory within contemporary criticism. It is demonstrated that this identification has obviated an awareness of the significance of potentiality within the Beckettian text, his work consequently being appraised in the previously neglected context of Aristotelian metaphysics
Structure and surface – contextualising aesthetic form in the sport psychology process
No full textThis article illustrates an insider’s perspective on the actions of the sports
psychologist by reflecting on their work with a number of elite performers at Olympic, World and European championship levels. The aim is to reveal a perspective on the structural aesthetic of the actions of the sports psychologist. The research is supported by images from a range of competitions and reflections upon the sports psychologist’s “input” before and after competition. The first author has found himself experimenting with different ways of giving advice and providing support as
the events have progressed. That is, patterns of advice have been emerging regarding the types of advice given, which were sometimes specific to the psychological characteristics of the performer. The article reports on the differing frameworks of
professional advice with examples from a range of sports using images and examples as appropriate
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