178,426 research outputs found
Cusack, R A, VX35633
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/380204Surname: CUSACK
Given Name(s) or Initials: R A
Military Service Number or Last Known Location: VX35633
Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 19830194016
Item: [2016.0049.12497] "Cusack, R A, VX35633
Sinking budgets and ballooning prices: Recent developments connected to military spending
No full textMilitary spending in the West generally declined after the Cold War. Given the economic pressures that many of these states confronted, they can be said to have experienced a fortuitous conjunction of lessening security demands with stable if not rising pressures to allocate more resources to social purposes. However, with declining financial resources a good part of military capital in these countries was reduced and most of what remains is growing obsolete. The excessive rise in relative prices associated with major military capital items, a rise only partially associated with an increase in real effectiveness, poses a challenge for many of these states if they are to retain their capacity to provide in some meaningful way for their own military defense. -- Nach Ende des Kalten Krieges sind allgemein in der westlichen Welt die Militärausgaben gesunken. Angesichts des wirtschaftlichen Drucks, dem sich viele dieser Länder ausgesetzt sahen, kann man sagen, dass dies Ergebnis eines zufälligen Zusammentreffens mehrerer Faktoren ist: geringere Sicherheitsanforderungen treffen auf gleich bleibende bzw. sogar zunehmende Forderungen nach alternativer Budgetverwendung, beispielsweise mehr Mittelausgaben für soziale Zwecke. Durch die verringerten Finanzmittel für die Verteidigung wurde jedoch ein großer Teil der militärischen Waffensysteme reduziert, der verbliebene Rest ist zum größten Teil veraltet. Die relativen Preise für Waffensysteme sind jedoch exzessiv gestiegen, ohne dass diese auf einem gleich großen Anstieg der tatsächlichen Effektivität der Waffensysteme beruhen. So stellt es für viele dieser Staaten eine große Herausforderung dar, wenn sie ihre Fähigkeit bewahren wollen, auf sinnvolle Weise für ihre eigene militärische Sicherheit zu sorgen.Military Spending,Weapon Systems,Military Personnel,Inflation,Conscription,East-West-Conflict
Optimizing electron backscatter diffraction of carbonate biominerals—resin type and carbon coating
No full textElectron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) is becoming a widely used technique to determine crystallographic orientation in biogenic carbonates. Despite this use, there is little information available on preparation for the analysis of biogenic carbonates. EBSD data are compared for biogenic aragonite and calcite in the common blue mussel, <i>Mytilus edulis</i>, using different types of resin and thicknesses of carbon coating. Results indicate that carbonate biomineral samples provide better EBSD results if they are embedded in resin, particularly epoxy resin. A uniform layer of carbon of 2.5 nm thickness provides sufficient conductivity for EBSD analyses of such insulators to avoid charging without masking the diffracted signal. Diffraction intensity decreases with carbon coating thickness of 5 nm or more. This study demonstrates the importance of optimizing sample preparation for EBSD analyses of insulators such as carbonate biominerals
Monitoring of the depth of sedation in the intensive care unit
No full textPharmacological sedation on the intensive care unit (ICU) is frequently required to enable treatment to be safely and effectively delivered. However, its use is not without risk, especially if no attempt is made to monitor the depth of sedation. Commonly utilized sedation-scoring systems are easy to use, but unfortunately neuromuscular paralysis negates their usefulness and they are always open to criticism because of being subjective in nature. Consequently attention has been directed at the use of the processed EEG to monitor sedation. Auditory evoked responses have received much attention in the anaesthetic literature for monitoring awareness under anaesthesia, but practical problems may limit their usefulness in the intensive care unit. The Bispectral Index can be monitored with easily interpretable and portable equipment and shows promise as a depth of sedation monitor in this setting.</p
Hyperspectral cathodoluminescence imaging of modern and fossil carbonate shells
No full textOptical cathodoluminescence (CL) is commonly used to identify diagenetically altered carbonate fossils, yet such an interpretation is problematic as present-day carbonate shells may also luminesce. Hyperspectral CL imaging combines CL microscopy and CL spectroscopy to quantitatively analyze luminescence emission. Cold optical CL and hyperspectral CL imaging were carried out on four modern biominerals, a Rhynchonelliform brachiopod, a Craniid brachiopod, a bivalve, and the eggshell of the domestic fowl. A fossil Craniid brachiopod was analyzed to compare luminescence emission with that from the modern Craniid brachiopod. The beam conditions used for optical CL vary between studies, which hinders the direct comparison of CL analyses. This study assesses the effect of beam current and beam diameter on the intensity of luminescence emission. By characterizing the effect of beam conditions on different CaCO3 biominerals, comparisons can be made between CL studies. Hyperspectral CL imaging can be carried out in combination with WDS element analysis. By comparing hyperspectral CL images with element maps the causes of luminescence can to some extent be determined. The intensity of luminescence emitted from the modern biominerals differs under the same beam conditions. All four modern shells emit blue luminescence. In N. anomala, there is a correlation between Mn2+ concentration and luminescence intensity in the 620- to 630-nm wavelength band, which is apparent in the inner region of the shell. The fossil Craniid also emits blue luminescence, and texture within the shell wall is apparent; however, the luminescence emission between 620 and 630 nm that is evident in N. anomala is absent
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
S65 Raised CK Levels in Severe Asthmatics Admitted to the Critical Care Unit- A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
No full textIntroduction and Aims Acute severe asthma is a life threatening condition. Mechanical ventilation may be indicated in about third of asthmatics admitted to the intensive care unit and has a mortality rate of 8%.1 Several reports have identified elevated CK levels during an episode of acute severe asthma. Intense muscular workload during an acute episode and drugs such as steroids, anaesthetic induction agents, aminophylline and salbutamol are all implicated in raising plasma CK levels. Our aim was to retrospectively evaluate the CK levels and clinical implications in patients with acute severe asthma, who were admitted to our intensive care unit.Methods This was a retrospective survey of all asthmatics admitted to intensive care unit between October 2009 and July 2011. Patient’s case notes were screened to identify demographics and clinical details.Results Thirty asthmatics with 37 admissions were identified. Three patients had multiple admissions. Mean age was 37 and two third were female. Twelve patients had CK levels performed as part of clinical management. Seven patients (58%) had CK levels ≤320 IU/ml and 5 patients (42%) had CK levels ≥320 IU/ml. Patients with raised CK levels had more intubations, ICU days and hospital days. IV aminophyline and IV salbutamol infusions were more frequent in patients with raised CK levels. The elevated CK was noted on average 1.8 days after the admission (Table 1). Three patients with raised CK levels had severe renal failure with evidence of myoglobinuria. Statistical analysis is not performed due to small number of patients.Discussions Acute severe asthmatics may develop raised CK levels with evidence of myoglobinuria and subsequent renal failure. The exact mechanisms are not fully explored. Intravenous beta2-agonists with combination of IV aminophylline may be a contributory factor. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate the path ophysiological mechanisms and clinical implications
Apocalypse in Uganda: The Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God – One Decade Later
No full textAn updating of the narrative of the MRTCG one decade after its murder-suicides
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