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Cytology of Vicia species. 4. Nuclear chromatin organization in reconstructed karyotype of Vicia.
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A fascinating island: 2n=4
No full textAmong Angiosperms only six species are reported possessing the lowest identified chromosome
number 2n=4. These plants are the monocotyledons Zingeria biebersteiniana, Colpodium
versicolor, Ornithogalum tenuifolium, Rhynchospora tenuis, and the dicotyledons Haplopappus
gracilis, Brachyscome dichromosomatica. The low chromosome number may be supposed
cytogenetically derived from a different ancestral basic number, characteristic of the each genus, by
different processes, including tandem fusion, unequal reciprocal translocations with loss of centric
fragments. All these plants possess low nuclear 4C DNA contents, ranging from 1.56 (R. tenuis) to
8.20 (H. gracilis) pg, they display generally a similar size of chromosomes and the position of
nucleolus organizing region, that is often located in the terminal or subterminal region of the small
chromosome pair, evidencing that these characteristics could be a consequence of common
adaptative mechanisms. Peculiar characteristics within these karyotypes are the holocentric
chromosomes of R. tenuis and the presence of B chromosomes in the karyotype of B.
dichromosomatica. Plants with very low chromosome number may be considered a fascinating
“island of interest” comprehending simple systems helpful for the examination of the structural
organisation and evolution of Angiosperm chromosomes
Nanoparticles and higher plants
No full textAbstract - Nanomaterials and nanotechnology have been widely applied in the world in this last decade. Nanotechnology provides the tool and the technological platforms for the study and transformation of biological systems. Few studies have focused on the effects and mechanisms of nanomaterials on plants. The results of these studies have been reported with the aim to provide further insight into connections between plants and nanomaterials
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