1,721,036 research outputs found
Quantitative evaluation of smooth pursuit eye movements by personal computer. I) Normative data and effect of aging
No full textWe recorded the smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) of 52 healthy subjects by binocular electrooculographic technique. The 52 subjects were homogeneously distributed from the 2nd to the 6th decade. The target moved over 60 deg of amplitude at constant velocity (ramp); different target velocities were used ranging from 10 to 50 deg/sec. All subjects were tested with the same 58 pseudo-random ramp sequence under the control of a Personal Computer (PC). The quantitative analysis of SPEM was carried out by an interactive program implemented on the same PC. Different equations were tested by a multiple regression analysis in order to describe the relationship between SPEM gain values and target velocities; two of these equations were chosen and used in order to find out if SPEM gain was influenced by target direction (the direction effect) and/or by subject age (the age effect). The statistical analyses we performed, demonstrated that SPEM gain values were influenced by aging but not by target direction: SPEM gain decreased as age increased
Quantitative analysis of smooth pursuit eye movements by personal computer. II. Evaluation of individual performance and clinical applicability
No full textIn a previous report on quantitative analysis of smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) we assessed two equations in order to describe the SPEM gain/target velocity relationship, and we demonstrated that this relationship is age-related. This report presents a method to evaluate normality of a single subject SPEM performance. Three points have been considered: 1) The control of gain asymmetries depending on target direction (leftward vs rightward SPEM) 2) The definition of age-related control values 3) The subject vs control values comparison An example to explain how our method actually works and its clinical applicability is shown. Finally, the reasons why no choice has been made between the two equations are discussed
The reliability of eye movement quantitative evaluation. II. Smooth pursuit eye movements
No full textWe adopted the estimate of the intraclass coefficient of reliability, R, to evaluate the reliability of smooth pursuit eye movement quantitative analysis. At a one-week interval, we recorded twice smooth pursuit eye movements from fifteen healthy subjects by means of the binocular electrooculographic technique. R was computed for the constant and the slope of the target velocity/gain relationships. R values were rated good for the slope and excellent for the constant. Finally, we computed for each parameter the maximum variability value according to two differing methods; on the basis of the within-subjects mean square values, we defined the normal range of biological test-retest variability for the two parameters
Steroid-responsive and dependent stiff-man syndrome: a clinical and electrophysiological study of two cases.
No full textClinical aspects of fatigue in multiple sclerosis
No full textWe studied 100 multiple sclerosis outpatients in order to assess the frequency of fatigue and to detect its relationships with other clinical findings. Fatigue was quantified by fatigue severity scale (FSS; range 1-7); current clinical neurological status and disability level were respectively scored by Kurtzke's functional systems and expanded disability status scale (EDSS). FSS mean score was 4.12; fatigue was totally absent in 3% of the patients. Fatigue started before onset of the disease in 7 patients, at onset in 12 and within the first year in 7. Fatigue intensity and frequency were related to each other. FSS mean scores were significantly higher in the patients with fatigue worsened by heat (p<0.01), with chronic progressive disease (p<0.0001), with motor symptoms (p<0.0001) and with EDSS ≤3.5 (p<0.0001). Multiple regression analysis showed a significant effect of EDSS on fatigue (p < 0.0001), not attributable to differences in duration of the disease
Autoimmune myastenia gravis with thymoma following the spontaneous remission of stiff-man syndrome.
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Visual evoked potentials in the white New Zealand rabbit: source localization and normative aspects
No full textNormative data of visual evoked potentials were obtained from occipital screw electrodes referenced to a nasal electrode in 10 white New Zealand rabbits. Two time-bases were used (200 and 400 ms) in order to reliably identify both early components (of retinal and cortical origin), as well as late components. The putative origin of the single components was established by simultaneous recording of ERG and by stereotaxic recordings from the lateral geniculate body. Test-retest variability was measured repeating the recordings after 24 hours
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