1,108 research outputs found
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No full textThis is a letter in reply to Masuccio et al (J Pediatr 2009;155:454), who commented an article published by Cortese S, myself, et al. (J Pediatr 2009;154:86-90). In this letter we suggest that the cross sectional nature of our study could not allow to infer causality and psychopathological/pathophysiological pathways in the relationship between body size and depressive symptoms. Moreover, to prove that insulin resistance may lead to depressive symptoms in obese adolescents, as hypothesized by Masuccio et al., a longitudinal design and appropriate regression analyses, should be conducted
Commentary: Switching the zoom on the ADHD research lens - a reflection on Leventakou et al. (2016)
No full textThe study by Leventakou and colleagues is emblematic of a welcome change in focus in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) research. First, the authors focused on the overlooked association between ADHD and aberrant eating patterns, reflecting an emerging change in the conceptualization of ADHD as a condition affecting not only high-level cognitive processes but also more basic functions such as eating and sleeping, as well as the underlying complex metabolic and possibly inflammatory pathways. Second, the authors focused, for the first time, on the relationship between ADHD and eating disorders in preschoolers, which is of relevance for the design of preventive strategies. Third, they zoomed closely to several types of aberrant eating behaviours; besides confirming the association of ADHD symptoms to emotional overeating, they also found an intriguing relationship between impulsivity and food fussiness. Further changes in perspective focusing on the underlying mechanisms, as well as using a wide-angle lens to capture the longitudinal relationship between ADHD and aberrant eating behaviours will not only provide a more detailed (clinical) picture of individuals with ADHD but will also hopefully lead to more effective preventive/treatment strategies
Here/in this issue and there/abstract thinking: the DSM-5 is here (and there)
No full textBackgroundA significant association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity has been reported. This study addresses unexplored aspects of this relationship.AimsTo evaluate the association between adult obesity and: (a) persistent, remitted or lifetime ADHD; (b) number of childhood ADHD symptoms, controlling for socioeconomic status and mood, anxiety and substance use disorders.MethodFace-to-face psychiatric interviews in 34 653 US adults from the National Epidemiologic Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Obesity was defined as a body mass index ?30.ResultsPersistent, lifetime or remitted ADHD were not associated with obesity after controlling for confounders. The number of childhood ADHD symptoms was significantly associated with adult obesity, even after adjustment, in women.ConclusionsChildhood ADHD symptoms are associated with obesity in women even after comorbid psychiatric disorders are accounted for. This provides a rationale for longitudinal studies assessing the impact of the treatment of childhood ADHD symptoms on obesity in women.<br/
Regional analysis of UK primary care prescribing and adult service referrals for young people with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: from little to very little
No full textDrawing on data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, Price et al reported UK regional variations in primary care prescribing and referral rates to adult mental health services for young people with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in transition from child and adolescent mental health services. Overall, considering that around 65% of young adults with childhood ADHD present with impairing ADHD symptoms and up to 90% of individuals with ADHD may benefit from ADHD medications, the study by Price et al shows that the rate of appropriate treatment for youngsters in the transition period varies from low to very low across the UK. As such, there is a continuous need for education and training for patients, their families, mental health professionals and commissioners, to eradicate the misconception that, in the majority of the cases, ADHD remits during adolescence and to support the devolvement of appropriate services for the evidence-based management of adult ADHD across the UK.</p
Pharmacologic treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
No full textAmphetamines and methylphenidate and, less often, nonstimulants (atomoxetine, clonidine, and guanfacine) are used to treat ADHD. Inattentiveness and restlessness are improved more than quality-of-life measures in short-term trials.https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMra191706
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