1,721,135 research outputs found
What about the others? Conditional cooperation, climate change perception and ecological actions
Full text linkClimate challenge can be modelled as a multiplayer prisoner's dilemma where ecological action - e.g., purchasing an electric car or adopting sustainable life-styles - is costly in terms of economic resources, time, and effort. The prisoner's dilemma structure of the game implies that, even though the social benefit is maximized - and every player would be better off - with everyone taking ecological actions, the strategy profile with no player taking action is a Nash equilibrium, assuming players have purely self-regarding preferences. In this paper we analyse how this ecological dilemma is affected by people's perceptions. Using the European Social Survey, we study how urgent the climate threat is perceived by respondents and their beliefs about other countries' actions. Theoretical predictions suggest that the former increases, while the latter does not affect individual willingness to act ecologically when introducing heterogeneity about the effect of worry on intrinsic motivations. Our empirical findings however show that both factors positively affect willingness to act. We interpret the positive effect by arguing that intrinsic motivations are also affected by other people action and show that the effect is weaker as social capital increases
The social value of health: Amenable deaths and estimated the gap with the life expectancy frontier
No full textWe estimate the life expectancy gaps that can be bridged by improving the quality of public health and health care policies at the country level. Our model calculates the net effect of amenable deaths on life expectancy after controlling for time effects and factors affecting amenable deaths related to education, health policies (health expenditure to GDP and waiting lists), and per capita income in a two equation system. We further estimate the life expectancy gap that countries with lower quality health systems can bridge by catching up and reaching the existing health quality frontier and compute the social value of that upside potential
Understanding the heterogeneity of COVID-19 deaths and contagions: The role of air pollution and lockdown decisions
No full textThe uneven geographical distribution of the novel coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) in Italy is a puzzle given the intense flow of movements among the different geographical areas before lockdown decisions. To shed light on it, we test the effect of the quality of air (as measured by particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide) and lockdown restrictions on daily adverse COVID-19 outcomes during the first pandemic wave in the country. We find that air pollution is positively correlated with adverse outcomes of the pandemic, with lockdown being strongly significant and more effective in reducing deceases in more polluted areas. Results are robust to different methods including cross-section, pooled and fixed-effect panel regressions (controlling for spatial correlation), instrumental variable regressions, and difference-in-differences estimates of lockdown decisions through predicted counterfactual trends. They are consistent with the consolidated body of literature in previous medical studies suggesting that poor quality of air creates chronic exposure to adverse outcomes from respiratory diseases. The estimated correlation does not change when accounting for other factors such as temperature, commuting flows, quality of regional health systems, share of public transport users, population density, the presence of Chinese community, and proxies for industry breakdown such as the share of small (artisan) firms. Our findings provide suggestions for investigating uneven geographical distribution patterns in other countries, and have implications for environmental and lockdown policies
Excess mortality and protected areas during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from Italian municipalities
No full textThere is widespread debate on the drivers of heterogeneity of adverse COVID-19 pandemic outcomes and, more specifically, on the role played by context-specific factors. We contribute to this literature by testing the role of environmental factors as measured by environmentally protected areas. We test our research hypothesis by showing that the difference between the number of daily deaths per 1,000 inhabitants in 2020 and the 2018-19 average during the pandemic period is significantly lower in Italian municipalities located in environmentally protected areas such as national parks, regional parks, or Environmentally Protected Zones. After controlling for fixed effects and various concurring factors, municipalities with higher share of environmentally protected areas show significantly lower mortality during the pandemic than municipalities that do not benefit from such environmental amenities
L’andamento dal 1989 al 1997 dell’antibiotico resistenza di E.coli e Salmonella. Considerazioni sulle misure di terapia e profilassi.
No full textTerapia e profilassi in avicoltura: l’evoluzione dell’antibiotico-resistenza di E.coli e Salmonelle dal 1989 al 1998
No full textposter n. 22
L’andamento dal 1989 al 1997 dell’antibiotico resistenza di E.coli e Salmonella. Considerazioni sulle misure di terapia e profilassi.
No full text
ELISA antigen capture test for detecting Chlamydia spp. in cloacal swabs obtained from birds of prey.
No full textDuring 1995-96 we were carried out an investigation about the presence of Chlamydia spp. in birds of prey stayed in W.W.F. Rehabilitation Centers in Campania region (Italy). Were checked 14 species of raptors (6 accipitridae, 3 falconidae, 5 strigidae) and the total number of 51 cloacal swabs was obtained for three days on end. Were searched the presence of the specific group antigen of Chlamydia spp. by ELISA Ideia Chlamydia Test (Dako), diagnostic quick micromethod test formulated for human medicine, but employed also in veterinary field, particularly in ovine and avian fields. Chlamydial infection was shown in two subjects of Marsh harriers (Circus aeruginosus) without any clinical signs related to Chlamydiosis. The AA. emphasized the risk of trasmission of such zoonosis to operators of Rehabilitation Centers through the contact with carrier birds of infection
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