1,721,058 research outputs found
Commercially Available Head-Mounted Displays Are Unsuitable for Augmented Reality Surgical Guidance: A Call for Focused Research for Surgical Applications
Full text linkProof of Concept of Using HoloLens 2 for AR Immersive Training in Complex Medical Scenarios
No full textThis study proposes a preliminary new simulation approach using an immersive AR device for medical and
paramedical complex training scenarios in hospital and prehospital tasks as a substitute for the current real and virtual
simulations. The simulation activities selected for testing the
proposed AR-based approach consist of: 1) setting up an operating room for an Endovascular Aneurysm Repair intervention
for evaluating the interactions between the user and virtual
objects; 2) navigating a road accident scenario for evaluating
the integration between real and virtual objects. The results
of the first trials show that the application maintains, from a
standstill position, 60 fps as suggested by Microsoft to provide the
best experience possible. Moreover, the results of a users’ study,
involving 11 subjects, show good responses about realism and
fusion between real and virtual objects, usability and interactions,
and immersion in the scenarios using the applicatio
Surgical simulators integrating virtual and physical anatomies
No full textAccording to literature evidences, simulation is of utmost importance for training purposes and for innovative surgical strategies assessment. Nowadays the market offers mainly two kind of simulators: rubber anatomies or virtual environments, each one with advantages and drawbacks. In this paper we describe a strategy to develop patientspecific simulators using a hybrid approach: silicone models of abdominal organs sensorized with electromagnetic coils, to acquire deformations, coupled with a virtual scene. As demonstrated, this approach allows to mix benefits of a real interaction with the physical replicas with the possibility to enrich the virtual visualization with add-ons and features difficult to obtain in the real environment. Copyright © 2011 for the individual papers by the papers' authors
Projected Augmented Reality to Drive Osteotomy Surgery: Implementation and Comparison With Video See-Through Technology
Full text linkIn recent years, the spreading of visual augmented reality as an effective tool in image-guided surgery, has stimulated the research community to investigate the use of commercial augmented reality headsets a broad range of potential applications. This aroused enthusiasm among clinicians for the potential of augmented reality, but also revealed some technological and human-factor limitations that still hinder its routine adoption in the operating room. In this work, we propose an alternative to head-mounted displays, based on projected augmented reality. Projected augmented reality completely preserves the surgeon’s natural view of the operating field, because it requires no perspective conversion and/or optical mediation. We selected a cranio-maxillofacial surgery application as a benchmark to test the proposed system and compare its accuracy with the one obtained with a video see-through system. The augmented reality overlay accuracy was evaluated by measuring the distance between a virtual osteotomy line and its real counterpart. The experimental tests showed that the accuracy of the two augmented reality modes is similar, with a median error discrepancy of about 0.3 mm for the projected augmented reality mode. Results suggest that projected augmented reality can be a valuable alternative to standard see-through head-mounted displays to support in-situ visualization of medical imaging data as surgical guidance
Catetere munito di sensori elettromagnetici di posizione, e sistema di localizzazione per cateteri e fili guida
No full textDrilling mask for implanting a transpedicular screw
No full textA drilling mask (100) for implanting a transpedicular screw (50) on a spine section (200) comprises a guide body (10) with a distal surface (12) and a proximal surface (14), opposite to the distal surface (12) and facing towards the spine section (200). The guide body (10) comprises a reference element (21) obtained on the proximal surface (14) and arranged to contact the spinous process (220), a guide channel (25) that extends starting from the distal surface (12), which is arranged to work as drilling guide for drilling the pedicle (250) and implanting the transpedicular screw (50), and a plurality, of support elements (22, 23) made on the proximal surface (14), associated with the reference element (21), arranged to contact side parts of the spine section (220). The guide body (10) comprises at least one reference portion (10a), which represents the central portion of the mask, equipped with the reference element (21), and configured to be put at the spinous process (220) and at least one lateral guide portion (10b, 10c), cooperating with the reference portion (10a), which comprises the guide channel (25) for drilling the pedicle (250) and the support elements (22, 23) laterally with respect to the spinous process (220)
Magic Leap 1 versus Microsoft HoloLens 2 for the Visualization of 3D Content Obtained from Radiological Images
Full text linkThe adoption of extended reality solutions is growing rapidly in the healthcare world. Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) interfaces can bring advantages in various medical-health sectors; it is thus not surprising that the medical MR market is among the fastest-growing ones. The present study reports on a comparison between two of the most popular MR head-mounted displays, Magic Leap 1 and Microsoft HoloLens 2, for the visualization of 3D medical imaging data. We evaluate the functionalities and performance of both devices through a user-study in which surgeons and residents assessed the visualization of 3D computer-generated anatomical models. The digital content is obtained through a dedicated medical imaging suite (Verima imaging suite) developed by the Italian start-up company (Witapp s.r.l.). According to our performance analysis in terms of frame rate, there are no significant differences between the two devices. The surgical staff expressed a clear preference for Magic Leap 1, particularly for the better visualization quality and the ease of interaction with the 3D virtual content. Nonetheless, even though the results of the questionnaire were slightly more positive for Magic Leap 1, the spatial understanding of the 3D anatomical model in terms of depth relations and spatial arrangement was positively evaluated for both devices
3D ultrasound centerline tracking of abdominal vessels for endovascular navigation
No full textPurpose: Vessel lumen centerline extraction is important for intraoperative tracking of abdominal vessels and guidance of endovascular instruments. Three-dimensional ultrasound has gained increasing acceptance as a safe and convenient surgical image guidance modality. We aimed to optimize vascular centerline detection and tracking in 3D ultrasound. Method: To overcome the intrinsic limitation of low ultrasound image quality, an active contour method (snake) was used to track changes in vessel geometry. We tested two variants of a classic snake using the image gradient and gradient vector field (GVF) as external forces. We validated these methods in liver ultrasound images of 10 healthy volunteers, acquired at three breath-holding instances during the exhalation phase. We calculated the distances between the vessel centerlines as detected by algorithms and a gold standard consisting of manual annotations performed by an expert. Results: Both methods (GVF and image gradient) can accurately estimate the actual centerlines with average Euclidean distances of 0.77 and 1.24 mm for GVF and gradient, respectively. Both methods can automatically follow vessel morphology and position changes. Conclusions: The proposed approach is feasible for liver vessel centerline extraction from 3D ultrasound images. The algorithm can follow the movement of the vessels during respiration; further improvements of hardware components are needed for a real-time implementation
Fabrication strategy to build a patient specific physical simulators for endovascular training
No full textUTILIZZO DI MODELLI TRIDIMENSIONALI VIRTURALI E REALI, OTTENUTI MEDIANTE PROTOTIPAZIONE RAPIDA, PER IL TRAINING CHIRURGICO IN CHIRURGIA PROTESICA DELL’ANCA
No full textIntroduzione: Scopo del presente lavoro è di valutare l’utilizzo
di tridimensionali paziente specifici virtuali e reali (3D printing)
non solo come strumento di pianificazione chirurgica ma anche
come strumento di training chirurgico nella chirurgia protesica
dell’anca.
Materiali e Metodi: Il modello 3D dell’articolazione coxo-femorale
viene ottenuto mediante un processo di segmentazione
semi-automatica delle immagini TC del paziente realizzato con
un apposito tool, denominato “EndoCAS segmentation Pipeline”
basato sul software open-source ITK Snap 1.5. Una volta ottenuto
e validato da parte del chirurgo il modello 3D Virtuale viene
esportato in formato STL ed inviato alla stampa tridimendisionale
(Elite Dimension-Stratasys) in modo da generare il modello 3D
reale del Paziente in ABS. A scopo di training chirurgico sono
stati quindi costruiti dei simulatori chirurgici (e-SPres3D s.r.l), in
cui il modello 3D dell’articolazione coxo-femorale è stato inserito
all’interno di un emibacino in materiale morbido sul quale il discente
può eseguire il test di impianto. Sono stati quindi istituiti
dei corsi surgeon to surgeon basati sull’utilizzo di questi simulatori
ed alla fine di ciascun corso a ciascun discente è stato
sottoposto un questionari di valutazione.
Risultati: Dai questionari somministrati i primi feedback ottenuti
dagli utilizzatori sono stati molto incoraggianti. Il modello solido
dell’articolazione riesce a riprodurre in maniera abbastanza fedele
la complessità chirurgica del Paziente e permette, di eseguire
simulatori di difficoltà crescente ai fini della realizzazione di percorsi
di formazione strutturati
Discussione: Come evidenziato da altri lavori presenti in letteratura
eseguire il planning in ambiente tridimensionale con l’utilizzo
di modelli 3D virtuali e reali consente di ottimizzare la scelta del
tipo impianto (forma, fissazione, dimensione, posizionamento) in
base alla specifica anatomia del paziente fino a rendere evidente
la necessità, in casi particolari, di utilizzare componenti su misura
“custom made”. L’utilizzo di questi stessi modelli a fini di
formazione chirurgica rappresenta una nuova opportunità che
a differenza del training su cadavere consente di poter scegliere
in anticipo, da una libreria di pazienti, il grado di complessità del
caso ed adattarlo a livello di esperienza del chirurgo (da corsi
base → a corsi avanzati).
Conclusioni: Riteniamo che l’utilizzo dei modelli 3D paziente
specifici virtuali e reali rappresentino un valido strumento per una
precisa pianificazione di casi complessi di sostituzione protesica
di anca. L’utilizzo di simulatori basati su modelli 3D si è dimostrato
uno strumento molto utile a fini didattici e di formazione
chirurgica consentendo a chirurghi una vera e propria simulazione
della procedura sia in ambiente virtuale sia in ambiente reale
mediante l’esecuzione di prove di impianto sul modello solido
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