196,332 research outputs found
Codes and data in Ranzietal@HP
No full textIn this folder are contained the MATLAB scripts and input files to obtain
-The MARTA Triangles
-The stepwise regression
-The wavelet spectra (with daily streamflow data)
-The trend analysis with the key annual data for the trend analyses presented in
A Multi‐century Meteo‐hydrological Analysis in the Italian Alps: Daily Streamflow (1862–2022) at Different Time Scales
Submitted to Hydrological Processes
Authors: Roberto Ranzi, Emanuele Eccel, Paolo Colosio, Eleni M. Michailidi
University of Brescia, Italy
Roberto Ranzi, University of Brescia, Italy
Brescia, 12 August 202
Palliative treatment with covered, self-expandable nitinol stent of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of urethra: a treatment potentially applicable to human
No full textSAFEFOODNET : a specific support action of the EU : building a network for chemical food safety for the enlarging Europe
No full textClimate change impact on the cryosphere: from local to global scale
No full textLa criosfera, la porzione della superficie terrestre dove l'acqua è immagazzinata allo stato solido, svolge un ruolo di fondamentale importanza nella regolazione del bilancio energetico terrestre e del ciclo idrologico, fornendo risorse idriche a molte regioni del pianeta. La criosfera, regolando ed allo stesso tempo essendo influenzata dalle condizioni climatiche, è una importante sentinella dei cambiamenti climatici, subendone gli effetti e scaturendone ulteriori a scala globale e locale. In questo studio vengono analizzate diverse tematiche legate alla criosfera, dalle Alpi italiane alla Groenlandia. Viene studiata in primo luogo la climatologia di altezza ed equivalente in acqua del manto nevoso (SWE) tramite l'analisi statistica di altezza e densità della neve raccolte tra il 1967 ed il 2020 in un'ampia regione delle Alpi italiane. Dall'analisi statistica è emerso che l'altezza neve è diminuita di 12 cm e lo SWE di 37 mm per decade dal 1967. L'altezza media della neve si è ridotta del 33\% nel periodo 1994-2020 rispetto al periodo 1967-1993, mentre lo SWE del 37\%. Gli effetti del cambiamento climatico risultano essere più intensi a basse altitudini, con una riduzione dell'altezza del manto nevoso del 63\% al di sotto dei 1500 m. Questi risultati sono ulteriormente confermati dal change-point trovato a fine anni 1980. L'analisi del dataset HISTALP mostra la forte dipendenza dell'evoluzione del manto nevoso dalla temperatura, influenzando lo stato di precipitazione e regolando l'inizio della fusione. Gli effetti del manto nevoso a scala locale sono stati studiati analizzando il contributo della fusione nivale nel caso di eventi di precipitazione intensa con presenza di neve al suolo. L'analisi è stata limitata alle stazioni di Aprica e Pantano d'Avio, in Lombardia, dove sono stati raccolti i dati di temperatura, precipitazione ed altezza neve dal 1996. Con i dati osservati è stato calibrato un modello gradi-giorno tramite il quale è stato possibile ricostruire la serie temporale della somma di precipitazione e fusione nivale per le durate di 1, 3, 6, 12 e 24 ore. L'analisi degli annual maxima ha mostrato che la fusione nivale contribuisce ad un incremento medio dei quantili di circa il 2.2\%, aumentando con la durata fino a raggiungere, in un solo caso, il 10\%. Ad una più larga scala, lo studio della fusione superficiale della Groenlandia è di fondamentale importanza nella stima del contributo della calotta di ghiaccio all'innalzamento del livello medio degli oceani. Sono stati raccolti ed intercalibrati i dati satellitari a microonde passive raccolti da sensori montati su cinque diversi satelliti tra il 1979 ed il 2019. Il confronto con dati misurati da stazioni meteorologiche e con simulazioni del modello climatico regionale MAR hanno mostrato che un algoritmo basato sul modello di emissione elettromagnetica MEMLS riesce a cogliere l'evoluzione spaziale e temporale della fusione superficiale. L'analisi dei trend di lungo periodo ha mostrato che la superficie di fusione è aumentata tra il 3.6 ed il 6.9\% dell'intera area della Groenlandia per decennio durante il periodo di osservazione. Inoltre, la stagione di fusione è iniziata tra i 3 ed i 4 giorni prima e si è conclusa tra i 3 ed i 7 giorni dopo ogni decennio. Il numero totale medio di giorni di fusione è aumentato di circa 3-5 giorni per decennio. Per l'area della Groenlandia è stato poi implementato un algoritmo di downscaling statistico per il modello MAR. Il confronto con le misure di temperatura delle stazioni meteorologiche e con i dati di temperatura superficiale rilevati dal satellite Lansat-8 mostra come il dataset ad elevata risoluzione riesca meglio a cogliere la distribuzione spaziale della temperatura, senza perdere accuratezza a livello locale. Il confronto con le misure di bilancio di massa superficiale mostra invece un sostanziale miglioramento rispetto all'output originale a bassa risoluzioneThe cryosphere, the region of the Earth where water is stored in its solid form, plays a crucial role in regulating Earth’s energy balance and contributes to moisture fluxes and freshwater storage and release, providing water resources to many regions of the world. The cryosphere affects and is affected by climate conditions, being a driver and a sentinel of climate change, and playing a role of paramount importance from global to local scale processes. Here, different topics related to the cryosphere are investigated, spanning from the Greenland ice sheet to the Italian alps. A climatology of snow depth and snow water equivalent is carried out using a dataset of snow depth and snow density measurements collected at 299 sites between 1967 and 2020 over a wide portion of the Italian Alps. By performing different statistical analyses, a decrease of 12 cm every decade in snow depth and 37 mm every decade in SWE has been found since 1967. Average snow depth in the period 1994-2020 has been 33% lower than in the period 1967-1993, with stronger effects at low altitudes (reduction of 63% below 1500 m asl). The average SWE in 1994-2020 has been 36% lower than in 1967-1993. These results are confirmed by the increased elevation of the computed null snow depth elevation and the detected change-points at the end of the 1980s. The analysis of the HISTALP dataset confirmed the strong dependency of snow accumulation and melt on air temperature, impacting liquid/solid precipitation separation and timing of melt onset. The influence of snow on ground at local scale has been investigated evaluating the contribution of snowmelt to intense rain-on-snow events in Lombardy. By means of measured temperature, precipitation and snow depth data and the calibration of a snowmelt model, the timeseries of the combination of precipitation and melt has been obtained for the fixed durations 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. The annual maxima analysis revealed that snowmelt increases the quantiles obtained from the selected extreme values distributions of about 2.2%, with stronger impacts for longer durations, up to 10%. At a larger scale, the analysis of surface melting over the Greenland ice sheet is of paramount importance to better estimate the ice sheet contribution to sea level rise. The cross-calibration of five different sensors collecting satellite data over the Greenland ice sheet between 1979 and 2019 has been performed. The comparison with in-situ observation and the output of the regional climate model MAR revealed that a threshold-based melt detection algorithm based on the electromagnetic emission model MEMLS shows the best performances in capturing surface melting evolution. The long-term trends analysis showed an increase of surface melting areal extension of about 3.6-6.9% of the Greenland ice sheet every decade. The melting season has started between 3 and 4 days earlier and between 3 and 7 days later every decade. The total number of melting days has increase by 3-5 days every decade. A statistical downscaling algorithm for the regional climate model MAR has been implemented. The comparison with in-situ observations and satellite measurements revealed that the downscaled dataset can well capture temperature temporal evolution and spatial distribution. It better captures at local scale the cumulated surface mass balance, exhibiting lower errors when compared with measured surface mass balance with respect to the original modelled outpu
La stima dell’impatto dei dispositivi di protezione nella riduzione del rischio in ambito di regolamentazione dei prodotti fitosanitari: dalla teoria alla pratica.
No full textIn Europe, the use of plant protection products is authorised provided the operator risk assessment carried out does not show exposure levels above the health-based triggers. Two models are currently available (German and UK models) to estimate exposure levels of agricultural operators. They consider, among different variables, the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), based on their capacity to reduce exposure through the application of specific “reduction factors”, derived from laboratory or field studies. Such factors, which date back to ‘90s, could be obsolete, as indicated by recent literature, posing problems on the reliability of current estimates. Therefore, the exposure estimates produced in Europe from 2005 to 2007, for 52 active ingredients in 395 scenarios, have been collected and analysed to check whether the application of recent exposure reduction factors might have an impact on the final outcomes. In some case the exposure levels resulted underestimated, highlighting the problem of operator safety with regard to the use of specific PPE and to an adequate training programme
Managing Accessibility in Local E-government Websites through End-User Development: A Case Study
No full textThis work discusses accessibility problems concerning content creation and publication on e-government websites, and proposes an approach based on end-user development (EUD) techniques to overcome them. To deal with the huge and diverse amount of documentation to be published, content management systems (CMSs) are usually adopted in government institutions to support content creation by a large set of publishers, who typically have no competencies in information technology. This paper proposes the integration of EUD techniques in CMSs in order to limit CMS personalization and, at the same time, relieve publishers from managing the low-level details of content representation. To demonstrate the validity of the approach, a case study research has been performed by involving some employees of the Brescia Municipality in Italy. The results of the study confirm the positive impact of EUD techniques on content accessibility and publishers’ work practice, and suggest their possible use in more sophisticated tasks
SAFEFOODNET : a survey on the activities related to diet definition in new member countries and associated countries of the European Union
No full textThe SAFEFOODNET project (Chemical Food Safety Network for the enlarging Europe) has as primary objectives the
harmonisation and integration of Associated Candidate Countries (ACC) and New Member States (NMS)
infrastructures and activities in the field of chemical food safety with those of Member States (MS).
SAFEFOODNET consortium has 20 partners from 17 countries, which include 4 MS (Italy, Denmark, Germany and
Belgium), 10 NMS (Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Slovenia, Malta, Cyprus), and 3 ACC (Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey). The structure of the general work plan has been broken down into 5 work packages to respond in a practical way to the SAFEFOODNET proposed objectives. Regarding the possibilities for dietary assessment, individual country profiles assemble information with respect to the identification of existing resources, organisational features, data sources and availability, with a view of establishing a “standard diet” (according for instance to the indications of GEMS/FOOD of WHO) and consumption patterns. In order to retrieve and collect the information available in the field of dietary intake for each country, a questionnaire
on diet was prepared. The questionnaire was divided in two parts: the first one regarding the institutions involved in the assessment of food consumption through performance of food intake surveys at national level, participation in relevant international projects, creation and maintenance of databases, or any other activity in the field of diet definition. The
second part was focused at collecting further details on the individual surveys performed, such as type, methodology, population involved, availability and form of data acquired, as well as the suitability of the data to be used for acute intake estimates.
The data are still being elaborated however some local specificities can be observed
Determinanti ambientali per la valutazione dell'esposizione degli addetti in zootecnia
No full textGli Autori prendono in esame le fonti
e le caratteristiche della contaminazione ambientale da particolato aerodisperso presente nei ricoveri suinicoli ed avicoli, inevitabile in tutti gli allevamenti a carattere intensivo in quanto originata dai mangimi, dalla desquamazione della cute, dalla perdita di pelo o di piume,
dall'essiccamento delle feci e, quando presente, dalla lettiera.
Le concentrazioni misurate durante la giornata si modificano in corrispondenza delle operazioni di governo della lettiera, della distribuzione dell'alimento e della pulizia dei ricoveri e degli animali e sono influenzate dalla tipologia
di allevamento. Tra i diversi metodi di difesa per il benessere degli animali e degli operatori, i soffitti ventilati rappresentano oggi la scelta più innovativa.The paper describes the sources and characteristics of the particulate matter (PM) generated in pig and poultry facilities. PM origins from the food, the peeling of the skin, loss of fur or feathers, from feces and litter, if present. The PM concentrations measured during the day change due to the management of the litter, the distribution of the food and the cleanliness of the shelters. There are several methods to protect the welfare of animals and stockmen, among which the ventilated ceilings are today the most innovative choice
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