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The genus Paradorylaimus Andrássy, 1969 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with description of three new species from Ecuador
No full textOrselli, Lara, Clausi, Mirella, Vinciguerra, Maria Teresa (2012): The genus Paradorylaimus Andrássy, 1969 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with description of three new species from Ecuador. Zootaxa 3302: 25-43, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28093
FIGURE 3. A–E in The genus Paradorylaimus Andrássy, 1969 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with description of three new species from Ecuador
No full textFIGURE 3. A–E Paradorylaimus andinus sp. n. A, B: Female anterior ends; C: Vulval region; D: Uterus with sperm; E: Male posterior end. F–I Paradorylaimus longicaudatus sp. n. F: Male posterior end; G: Female anterior end; H: Vulval region and uterus with sperm; I: Detail of the pars dilatata of oviduct. Scale bar 25 µm.Published as part of Orselli, Lara, Clausi, Mirella & Vinciguerra, Maria Teresa, 2012, The genus Paradorylaimus Andrássy, 1969 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with description of three new species from Ecuador, pp. 25-43 in Zootaxa 3302 on page 32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28093
Paractinolaimus persicus sp. n. (Nematoda: Actinolaimidae) from Iran
No full textPanahi, Hadi, Shokoohi, Ebrahim, Clausi, Mirella, Mashela, Tu. W. (2019): Paractinolaimus persicus sp. n. (Nematoda: Actinolaimidae) from Iran. Zootaxa 4551 (2): 244-250, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4551.2.
Paradorylaimus
No full textKey to the species of Paradorylaimus 1. Very long female tail (c’ = 50)............................................................. wilhelmshcneideri - Female tail never longer than 27 anal body diameters......................................................... 2 2. Female tail longer than 17 anal body diameters.............................................................. 3 - Female tail never longer than 16 anal body diameters......................................................... 4 3. L = 1.6–1.7 mm, odontostyle 21.5–24 mm long.................................................. flagellicaudatus - L = 2.5–3.1 mm, odontostyle 34–36 mm long...................................................... tenuistriatus 4. Odontostyle more than 40 µm long.............................................................. parafecundus - Odontostyle shorter than 36 µm.......................................................................... 5 5. 18 supplements in male......................................................................... jankowskyi - Not more than 14 supplements in male..................................................................... 6 6. Cardia with a constriction, male pre-rectum 5.6 anal body diameters...................................... cardiacus - Cardia normal, male pre-rectum shorter than 4 anal body diameters.............................................. 7 7. Female tail 4–6 anal body diameters long............................................................ vacillans - Female tail longer than 6 anal body diameters............................................................... 8 8. Female tail 11–16 anal body diameters.......................................................... longicaudatus - Female tail shorter than 10 anal body diameters.............................................................. 9 9. Advulval papillae present, male tail with a ventral concavity.............................................. andinus - Advulval papillae absent, male tail ventrally straight.................................................... esquiveliPublished as part of Orselli, Lara, Clausi, Mirella & Vinciguerra, Maria Teresa, 2012, The genus Paradorylaimus Andrássy, 1969 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with description of three new species from Ecuador, pp. 25-43 in Zootaxa 3302 on page 42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28093
Comments on the morphology and biology of Pammene castanicola Trematerra & Clausi, 2009 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
No full textMany insects are reported to damage cultivated chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.; Fagaceae) in Italy, but the most
important pests of chestnut fruits are weevils (Curculio elephas Gyll. and Curculio glandium Marsh.; Curculionidae) and
tortricid moths (Pammene and Cydia; Tortricidae) (Pollini, 1998, Speranza, 1999). The larvae of the tortricid pests
develop internally, tunnelling in the fruits and eating the endocarp (Rotundo et al. 1991), which significantly reduces nut
quality and commercial value. The most damaging tortricid moths in the Italian chestnut industry are Pammene fasciana
(Linnaeus) (the early chestnut moth), Cydia fagiglandana (Zeller) (the intermediate chestnut moth), and Cydia
splendana (Hübner) (the late chestnut moth) (Pedrazzoli et al. 2012). Pammene castanicola Trematerra & Clausi, 2009
was recently described from chestnut woods near Etna Vulcan, Sicily (Trematerra and Clausi 2009), and it is known only
from the vicinity of the type locality. It is similar to Pammene fasciana in morphological and biological features, and it
was previously misidentified as P. fasciana. We provide observations on the biology and larval development and present
detailed descriptions and illustrations of the mature larva of P. castanicola, with comments on the differences between P.
castanicola and P. fasciana
Laboratory tests on the biocontrol of chestnut insect pests on Etna (Sicily, Italy) by means of entomopathogenic nematodes
Get PDFThe virulence of seventeen strains of entomopathogenic nematodes, belonging to four species of Steinernema and two of Heterorhabditis, against the chestnut insect parasites Curculio elephas, C. glandium, Pammene castanicola, Cydia splendana and C. fagiglandana, was tested in laboratory. The bioassays were conducted on the insect larvae collected in three different years (2010-2012) in chestnut groves of Etna. Most of the strains tested resulted good biocontrol agents for all the treated insect pests. The strains S. feltiae ESA and S. feltiae EPP were the most effective strains autochthonous of Etna when all the species of insect pests are considered as a whole
First record of Beauveria bassiana on Tomicus minor in Sicily
No full textTomicus minor (Hartig) (Coleoptera Curculionidae Scolytinae) was found breeding in Pinus nigra calabrica (for the first time in
this subspecies) in the Etna national park (Sicily) in two sites in 2013 and in another site in 2015. We used morphological features
of the beetle, a molecular marker (barcoding region of the COI gene) and characteristics of the breeding system to verify the species
affiliation. The results of these three traits were in accordance. Moreover, we screened living and dead beetles for pathogens.
Dissecting living beetles did not exhibit any pathogens except unidentified hyphae of entomopathogenic fungi. Beauveria bassiana
was found on dead T. minor collected from galleries. Species affiliation was studied by applying cultural, morphological, and
molecular (ITS marker) methods. This is the first evidence of the fungus on this pest confirmed by molecular tools and the first
record of B. bassiana on T. minor in Sicily. These data contribute to the knowledge of the distribution of this beetle in Italy.
Moreover, the findings of B. bassiana bring more light in the pathogen complex of T. minor and help to understand the biology of
this important forest insect
conosciamo i nematodi: i nematodi fitoparassiti
No full textconosciamo i nematodi: i principali generi di nematodi fitoparassiti. I nematodi sono minuscoli animali pluricellulari vermiformi che vivono praticamente in ogni ambiente terrestre e acquatico, come parassiti o come animali a vita libera, le cui dimensioni variano da poco meno di mezzo millimetro fino a raggiungere diversi metri di lunghezza. Le specie fitoparassite hanno lunghezze dell’ordine di 0,4-2 mm e diametri compresi tra 10 e 35 μm. Poiché la maggior parte dei fitonematodi vive nel suolo ed attacca le radici, i sintomi che essi provocano non sono specifici e, pertanto, risultano spesso difficili da diagnosticare, essendo comuni a quelli di altre malattie. Solo un ristretto numero di specie causa danni che sono tipicamente riconducibili a nematodi fitoparassiti. La maggior parte dei nematodi fitoparassiti attacca gli organi ipogei della pianta (radici, rizomi) e ottiene il proprio nutrimento esclusivamente dall’ospite; ma vi sono anche specie che si nutrono delle parti epigee (steli, foglie, gemme floreali). Xiphinema, Meloydogine, Globodera, Heterodera, Ditylenchus, anatomia, parassitismo (ectoparassitismo ed endoparassitismo
Entomopathogenic Nematodes in Italy: Occurrence and Use in Microbial Control Strategies (Chapter 18)
No full textMORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL VARIABILITY OF STEINERNEMA FELTIAE (NEMATODA, STEINERNEMATIDAE) ITALIAN STRAINS
Get PDFSteinernema feltiae belongs to the feltiae-kraussei-oregonensis group, clade III, and is an ubiquitarian species of entomopathogenic nematode. It is found in all types of soil and in all types of habitat. Species identification in the entomopathogenic nematodes genera Steinernema is a very complex task, given the broad variability of both morphological and biological traits within populations of a single species. To accomplish this, molecular techniques have been adopted which, however, require additional knowledge. Particularly relevant would be the possibility of testing in a reliable way the variability between different populations of the same species, which might represent different strains with different biological properties. During numerous samplings in Italy, several strains of S. feltiae were isolated. In this paper we analyze the intraspecific variability of the main morphometric and biological data of juveniles and males of 50 Italian populations of S. feltiae. The aim of our work was to determine if morphometric and biological analysis were useful to identify characters having significant diagnostic value, allowing to reliably discriminate among strains. Seven characters routinely computed for morphology (5 morphometrics for infective juveniles, spicula and gubernaculum shapes for males) and 2 biological performances (time to achieve adult stage, reproduction and progeny) were considered. The results showed extreme variability from both morphological and biological points of vie
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