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Two-Dimensional Interaction diagram of metformin and lead compounds docked with TGFBR1 (A-CID 4091, B-CID 72473, C-CID 10316977,, D-CID 45140078, and E-CID 34755).
No full textTwo-Dimensional Interaction diagram of metformin and lead compounds docked with TGFBR1 (A-CID 4091, B-CID 72473, C-CID 10316977,, D-CID 45140078, and E-CID 34755).</p
Interaction of protein and ligand and displaying of hydrogen bond for A- CID 4091 B- 72473 C- CID 10316977 D- CID 45140078 E- CID 34755.
No full textInteraction of protein and ligand and displaying of hydrogen bond for A- CID 4091 B- 72473 C- CID 10316977 D- CID 45140078 E- CID 34755.</p
Callyntra pehuenche Zuniga-Reinoso & Cid-Arcos, n. sp.
No full textCallyntra pehuenche Zúñiga-Reinoso & Cid-Arcos n. sp. (Figs. 1 and 2). Type locality. Chile, San Clemente, El Campanario, camino paso Pehuenche (35 ° 56 ’01”S- 70 ° 36 ’ 38 ”w). Type material. Holotype: Chile, San Clemente, El Campanario, camino paso Pehuenche (35 ° 56 ’01”S- 70 ° 36 ’ 38 ”w). 2.XII. 2010. col. M. Cid B., 1 ♂ (MNNC: code 7372). Paratypes: Chile, San Clemente, El Campanario, camino paso Pehuenche. 3.XI. 2011. col. M. Cid B. and M. Cid A., 1 ♂ / 1 ♀ (1 MNNC: code 7373, 1 CPMC). 1.XI. 2012 col. M. Cid B and J. Cid, 2 ♂ / 2 ♀ (1 UCCC: code 43102, 1 MNNC: code 7374, 2 CPMC). 15.X. 2014. col. M. Cid, 5 ♂ / 7 ♀ (3 UCCC: code 43103 -43105, 1 GEVOL: code CpehCAM 2 _1, 2 IADIZA, 6 CPMC). Holotype Description. Body length of holotype: 16.55 mm. Body, antennae, and legs black. Head: black, frons and clypeus wrinkled. Labrum smooth emarginate. Setae along edge of margin longer laterally. Clypeus glabrous, without punctation, with longitudinal wrinkles, clypeal suture not visible. Frons glabrous without punctation, and completely wrinkled. Vertex slightly raised. Mentum with few wrinkles, and short hairs on near margins. Antennae black with thick white hairs, last three antennomeres having tomentose appearance. Antennae reaching 3 ⁄ 4 of pronotal margin length. Third antennomere longer than the first and second. Antennomeres IV, V and VI of similar size, antennomeres VII and VIII smaller than previous. Antennomeres IX and X round and thick. Antennomere XI triangular. Eyes without setae near the base. Thorax: Pronotum glabrous and impunctate, widest at middle. Anterior angles rounded. Anterior margin with minute punctuation, abundant short setae under anterior margin. Central part of anterior margin broad, narrowing towards sides. Lateral margin slightly raised, glabrous and sparsely punctate. Posterior angle projected backwards over elytra. Pronotal disc with two parallel angled carinae, rough between carinae, and between lateral margins and carinae. Proepisternum glabrous, with irregular sparse punctuation. Prosternum convex, semi-wrinkled with medial setae, setae increasing in density towards prosternal apophyses. Prosternal apophysis sub-rectangular, with setae larger in distal portion. Mesosternum punctate, with setae on posterior margin. Metasternum glabrous and wrinkled. Elytra with principal carinae raised and without secondary carinae, glabrous in intercostal area, with white pilosity on posterior half of elytra and in area between carinae and elytral margin, being more evident in the elytral declivity. Elytral suture slightly raised. Elytra with thick transverse rugosity. Lateral margin conspicuous and crenulate. Epipleuron glabrous and smooth. Pseudopleuron glabrous, with slight rugosity. Abdomen: Sternites glabrous and black, with vertical wrinkles strongly marked on first, second and third ventrite. Ventrites with scattered punctuation. Ventrite V and VI smooth. with two depressions, one between the first and second ventrite and another between the second and third. Legs: black. Coxae with punctation and small setae on base. Trochanter with white pilosity. Femora with white setae, more abundant on lower face. Tibiae glabrous with many small spines. Tarsi with abundant pilosity. Simple claws on all legs. Male Genitalia (Fig 2): Aedeagus with the lateral styles of tegmen curved and narrowed towards apex. Proximal margin ventrally bisinuate and projected dorsally over median lobe, wider at base, ventrally incomplete, forming ovoid space in center, with few setae along ventral surface. Basal lamina of tegmen with base rounded. Median lobe tubular, half the width of lateral styles of tegmen, with apical aperture elongated, apex rounded, and distally broadened (Fig. 2 a). Sexual dimorphism: Females larger than males. Average length (standard deviation): male = 17.4 mm (± 0.85) and female= 19.5 mm (s.d: ± 0.61). Male with area between carinae concave and weaker in females. Mesosternum with setae on the posterior margin in males but glabrous in females. Female with vertical wrinkles stronger than males in the first, second and third ventrite. Males with two depressions, one between the first and second ventrite and another between the second and third. Tarsus longer in males than in females, tarsomeres are longer in males. Diagnosis. Large size (over 15.5 mm). Body and legs black (C. unicosta with legs orange). Labrum large with sparse short setae (C. unicosta and C. rugosa with abundant long setae). Clypeus glabrous (in C. rugosa with setae), frons with slight roughness (in C. unicosta smooth and C. rugosa rugous). Pronotum glabrous (hairy in C. unicosta) with lateral edge of pronotum rounded (in C. rugosa angulate). Pronotal disc with angled carinae (no present in other andean Callyntra). Tarsus with short and thick setae. Elytral disc concave (no present in other andean Callyntra) and whit slight roughness (less rough than the other andean species like C. rugosa). Large aedeagus, lateral styles of tegmen slightly curved, and basal lamina of tegmen flatter. Comparing the genitalia of C. pehuenche, with other species of Callyntra that are morphologically similar (Callyntra rugosa and Callyntra unicosta), it shows that this structure differs considerably from this due to the larger size of the aedeagus, the laterals styles were less curved, and basal lamina of tegmen flatter than the others species morphologically similar (Fig. 2 b). These morphological characters distinguish C. pehuenche from the other species of Callyntra, particularly the morphologically similar species C. unicosta and C. rugosa. Distribution and habitat. Chile: Region of the Maule: Province of Talca: Commune of The Campanario, near Laguna del Maule through the international pass Pehuenche. Altitude above 2000 meters in environments with Andean steppe. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the mountain tribe that is part of the Mapuche culture and lives on both sides of the Andes mountain range in south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina and for the type locality, pass Pehuenche, in the Andean highlands of the maulinos Andes.Published as part of Zúñiga-Reinoso, Álvaro & Cid-Arcos, Mauricio, 2015, A new species of Callyntra (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from central Chile, pp. 294-298 in Zootaxa 4000 (2) on pages 295-297, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4000.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/23323
Transgenerational maintenance of Cid levels.
No full text<p>Experimentally, centromeric Cid-EGFP levels were either increased (a, b) or decreased (c–g) in sperm in a background producing only Cid-EGFP instead of endogenous Cid. Sperm with altered centromeric Cid-EGFP levels was used for progeny generation. Propagation of altered Cid-EGFP levels during progeny development was analyzed. (a) Comparison of the total amount of Cid-EGFP per sperm in males without (−) or with (+) <i>bamP-GAL4-VP16</i>-driven expression of <i>UAS-cid-EGFP</i> and <i>UAS-cal1</i>. (b) Comparison of the total amount of Cid-EGFP per nucleus in syncytial blastoderm embryos derived from males without (−) or with (+) increased Cid-EGFP in sperm as determined in (a). (c) Comparison of the total amount of Cid-EGFP per sperm in males without (−) or with (+) <i>bamP-GAL4-VP16</i>-driven expression of <i>UAS-Cid<sup>RNAi</sup></i>. (d–f) Comparison of the total amount of Cid-EGFP per nucleus in progeny derived from males without (−) or with (+) decreased Cid-EGFP in sperm as determined in (c) at different developmental stages: syncytial blastoderm (d), wing imaginal discs of third instar larvae (e), and sperm of adult males (f). Dots in (a–f) indicate total centromeric EGFP intensity per nucleus in arbitrary units (a.u.) chosen to result in an average intensity of 100 a.u. in the controls where Cid-EGFP was neither increased nor decreased in sperm. Averages (long horizontal line) are given with s.d. (short horizontal lines). <i>n</i>>22. The fold change of average Cid-EGFP levels between controls and experimental samples is indicated next to the dashed arrows. All the indicated differences were found to be highly significant (<i>p</i><0.001, <i>t</i> test). (g) Comparison of Cid-EGFP levels in individual centromeres of Y (Y), X (X), major autosomes (2/3), and the paired chromosome 4 centromeres (4p) in S5 spermatocytes of adult progeny derived from <i>P{w<sup>+</sup>, pUASt-mCherry-nls}III</i> females mated to males without (−) or with (+) decreased Cid-EGFP in sperm as determined in (c). Each major autosome territory contains two Cid-EGFP spots. The stronger (s) and weaker (w) spots, respectively, were grouped and analyzed separately. Dots indicate centromeric EGFP intensity in arbitrary units (a.u.). Averages (long horizontal line) are given with s.d. (short horizontal lines). <i>n</i>>50. The fold change of average Cid-EGFP levels between controls and experimental samples is indicated below brackets. The corresponding differences of the averages are highly significant (<i>p</i><0.001, <i>t</i> test) except for two nonsignificant cases (<i>ns</i>).</p
El Cid Building, C
No full textThe El Cid building.https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/gandy_street/2753/thumbnail.jp
Requirements of CAL1 and CENP-C for CID localization in meiosis.
No full text<p>(A) Testes from pre-pupal larvae propagated at 29°C were fixed and stained with anti-CID (red) and anti-CENP-C (green) antibodies, and DAPI (grey). Wild type control, <i>bam-Gal4-VP-16</i>; CID-RNAi, <i>bam-Gal4-VP-16/+</i>; <i>UAS-Cid-RNAi</i>; CAL1 RNAi, <i>bam-Gal4-VP16/+</i>; <i>UAS-Cal1-RNAi</i>; CENP-C RNAi, <i>bam-Gal4-VP16/+</i>; <i>UAS-Cenp-C-RNAi</i>. Nuclei in meiotic prophase I, stages S1 and S6, are shown. White arrows indicate CENP-C localization in the nucleolus. Scale bar: 10 µM. (B) Quantitation of total centromeric CID fluorescent intensity per nucleus in wild-type, CID-, CAL1-, and CENP-C-RNAi in stages S1 and S6. For each graph, the S6 is normalized to the S1 value. <i>N</i> = control S1; 54, S6; 27, CID-RNAi S1; 92, S6; 52, CAL1-RNAi S1; 112, S6; 5, CENP-C-RNAi S1; 110, S6; 46. (C) Testes from pre-pupal larvae propagated at 29°C were fixed and stained with anti-CID (red) and anti-tubulin (green) antibodies and DAPI (grey). Representative images for chromosome segregation in meiosis I and II in control, CID-, CAL1-, and CENP-C-RNAi are shown. Scale bar: 10 µM. (D) Quantitation of the percentage of chromosome mis-segregation events in control, CID-, CAL1-, or CENP-C RNAi, in 32 cell cysts (M6 stage) after meiosis I and 64 cell cysts (T1–T3 stages) after meiosis II.</p
Incorporation of maternal Cid and Cenp-C into paternal centromeres after fertilization.
No full text<p>Eggs were collected from transgenic females producing only Cenp-C-EGFP (a–e) or Cid-EGFP (f–j) instead of endogenous Cenp-C and Cid, respectively, after mating with nontransgenic males. The regions indicated by white frames in top panels are shown at high magnification in the bottom panels. (a–e) Maternally derived Cenp-C-EGFP was associated with paternal centromeres (arrows) before full decondensation of the male pronucleus and was present during mitosis 1. (f–j) Maternally derived Cid-EGFP displayed a comparable association dynamic with paternal centromeres (arrows), although signals were generally weaker on paternal centromeres (see h and i). PB, polar bodies. Scale bar, 10 µm.</p
Transmission of paternal Cid to progeny.
No full text<p>(a–e) Eggs were collected from females without Cid-EGFP after mating with males with Cid-EGFP. Top panels (a–c) display DNA staining (DNA) at low magnification, and white frames indicate the regions shown at high magnification in the bottom panels. Paternal Cid-EGFP is detected in maximally four spots (white arrows) in the decondensing male pronucleus during (a) and after (b) completion of female meiosis, as well as after pronuclear migration (c). Of 69 male pronuclei analyzed in three independent experiments, 67 were positive for Cid-EGFP. In the gonomeric metaphase plate of the first embryonic mitosis (d), Cid-EGFP is detected on sister centromeres of paternal but not maternal chromosomes. Cid-EGFP is no longer detectable during mitosis 3 (e). (f) In contrast to Cid-EGFP, paternal Cenp-C-EGFP is not transmitted to progeny. It cannot be detected in the decondensing male pronucleus in eggs collected from females without Cenp-C-EGFP after mating with males with Cenp-C-EGFP. None of the analyzed male pronuclei (<i>n</i> = 10) and metaphase 1 figures (<i>n</i> = 3) displayed detectable GFP dots. PB, polar bodies. Scale bar, 10 µm.</p
Marianna Scapini – Rosa Maria Cid López, Juno and Motherhood in the Roman World
No full textIn this paper, we will focus of Juno's connections to motherhood within the Roman world, dealing mostly with literary sources. These links appear to be rather complex and, in a few cases, even contradictory
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