1,720,999 research outputs found
ICTs in Industrial Districts: An Empirical Analysis on Adoption, Use and Impact in the Biella Textile District
No full textINVERSION EXTRANJERA DIRECTA Y ENCADENAMIENTOS PRODUCTIVOS EN COSTA RICA
No full textIl capitolo analizza il ruolo che le politiche di apertura commerciale hanno avuto sulla struttura produttiva e commerciale del Costa Rica
Dinamiche di Sviluppo Industriale: Network Locali e Buyer Globali nei Paesi in Via di Sviluppo
No full textTeoria e pratica nell’esperienza dei centri di servizio alle imprese in Italia. Implicazioni per i Paesi in via di Sviluppo
No full textAn evolutionary agent-based model of innovation and the risk-reward nexus
Full text linkThe present paper studies the relative roles of public and private agents in the innovation process and their rewards. Building on an evolutionary framework, we account for the generation of skills as an endogenous process in innovation development, in which different agents contribute to value generation, but some are able to extract value more than proportionally. By focusing on the division of risks and rewards between public and private agents under different scenarios, we study the mechanisms by which some private agents access innovation surplus profits, obtaining conceptual insights into how innovation and its financing leads to inequality
Employment imbalances in EU regions: technological dependence or high-tech trade centrality?
Full text linkWe analyse the role of technological dependence and interregional trade centrality in explaining a region’s employment performance. We first identify the core–periphery technological structure of European Union (EU) regions, clustering them based on their high-tech trade relations (trade blocks) and technological and economic indicators (place-based regional groups). We show that EU regions have a fractal structure: blocks at the core and periphery of the high-tech trade network are divided into core and peripheral subgroups, which differ significantly in terms of innovation and employment performance. Next, the econometric analysis shows that buyer centrality is the main component of employment growth (especially in services), but within trade blocks it has to be combined with low technological dependence on more innovative regions (especially in manufacturing). Cohesion policies should pay attention to the fractal structure of regional inequalities, and Smart Specialisation strategies should consider that unrelated diversification towards activities intensive in the use of high-tech inputs may be more conducive to employment growth
Varieties of European National Innovation Systems
Full text linkThis paper provides a novel, empirically grounded map of National Innovation Systems (NIS) in Europe, based on a unique micro level analysis across several EU countries. By focusing on the Eurostat Community Innovation Survey 2014 (CIS2014) micro-aggregated data, we perform an exploratory factor analysis to provide a micro-level grounding to the multi-faceted components of NIS. We relate the structure, innovation strategies and performance of the firm to relevant institutional characteristics of the NIS in which it is embedded, including the nature of public sector support (e.g. cooperation and procurement) and the characteristics of the public-private links (e.g. with universities, foreign institutions and/or other firms), amongst others. We then redesign the map of the European technology ‘clubs’ by means of a cluster analysis based on our factors/NIS dimensions. Our findings ground the di- agnostics of the European NIS, add to the most recent literature on NIS by taking into account the micro–level sources of the European NIS ‘clubs’, and complement the historical picture provided by Cirillo et al. (2016a)
A taxonomy of European innovation clubs
Full text linkThe paper provides a novel, empirically grounded map of innovation ‘clubs’ in the EU, based on a unique analysis of micro-aggregated, country-level data. Using exploratory factor analysis we articulate innovation variables in a taxonomy of four ‘latent’ innovation theories: Network-Innovation-System, Kaldorian, New-Growth-Theory, and Schumpeterian. We then characterise clusters of countries (‘clubs’), based on their performance against this taxonomy, and design a new map of EU innovation clubs. We identify an articulated map of EU innovation hierarchy beyond the rather well-known ‘core-periphery’ structure, and interpret how some of the peripheries are functional to the ‘consolidated core’ of innovative countries, raising an issue of long-term sustainability of such hierarchies. We also find that even the most innovative clusters show concerning weaknesses. The strongest cluster in terms of its innovation system does not seem to exploit its full potential and lags behind with respect to radical product innovations. Instead, the leading cluster in terms of radical product innovations is strongly dependent on external innovative activity, is focused on scale-intensive sectors, and has a fairly weak innovation system. The periphery of small countries that show a healthy network structure, do so because they mainly include supplier-dominated firms, reliant on innovation inputs from the core. We offer some reflections on innovation policy within a broader view of EU cohesion
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