498 research outputs found
Protocol for the development of the Chatbot Assessment Reporting Tool (CHART) for clinical advice
No full textIntroduction: Large language model (LLM)-linked chatbots are being increasingly applied in healthcare due to their impressive functionality and public availability. Studies have assessed the ability of LLM-linked chatbots to provide accurate clinical advice. However, the methods applied in these Chatbot Assessment Studies are inconsistent due to the lack of reporting standards available, which obscures the interpretation of their study findings. This protocol outlines the development of the Chatbot Assessment Reporting Tool (CHART) reporting guideline.
Methods and analysis: The development of the CHART reporting guideline will consist of three phases, led by the Steering Committee. During phase one, the team will identify relevant reporting guidelines with artificial intelligence extensions that are published or in development by searching preprint servers, protocol databases, and the Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of health research Network. During phase two, we will conduct a scoping review to identify studies that have addressed the performance of LLM-linked chatbots in summarising evidence and providing clinical advice. The Steering Committee will identify methodology used in previous Chatbot Assessment Studies. Finally, the study team will use checklist items from prior reporting guidelines and findings from the scoping review to develop a draft reporting checklist. We will then perform a Delphi consensus and host two synchronous consensus meetings with an international, multidisciplinary group of stakeholders to refine reporting checklist items and develop a flow diagram.
Ethics and dissemination: We will publish the final CHART reporting guideline in peer-reviewed journals and will present findings at peer-reviewed meetings. Ethical approval was submitted to the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board and deemed “not required” in accordance with the Tri-Council Policy Statement (TCPS2) for the development of the CHART reporting guideline (#17025).
Registration: This study protocol is preregistered with Open Science Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/59E2Q
Protocol for the development of the Chatbot Assessment Reporting Tool (CHART) for clinical advice
No full textIntroduction Large language model (LLM)-linked chatbots are being increasingly applied in healthcare due to their impressive functionality and public availability. Studies have assessed the ability of LLM-linked chatbots to provide accurate clinical advice. However, the methods applied in these Chatbot Assessment Studies are inconsistent due to the lack of reporting standards available, which obscures the interpretation of their study findings. This protocol outlines the development of the Chatbot Assessment Reporting Tool (CHART) reporting guideline.Methods and analysis The development of the CHART reporting guideline will consist of three phases, led by the Steering Committee. During phase one, the team will identify relevant reporting guidelines with artificial intelligence extensions that are published or in development by searching preprint servers, protocol databases, and the Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of health research Network. During phase two, we will conduct a scoping review to identify studies that have addressed the performance of LLM-linked chatbots in summarising evidence and providing clinical advice. The Steering Committee will identify methodology used in previous Chatbot Assessment Studies. Finally, the study team will use checklist items from prior reporting guidelines and findings from the scoping review to develop a draft reporting checklist. We will then perform a Delphi consensus and host two synchronous consensus meetings with an international, multidisciplinary group of stakeholders to refine reporting checklist items and develop a flow diagram.Ethics and dissemination We will publish the final CHART reporting guideline in peer-reviewed journals and will present findings at peer-reviewed meetings. Ethical approval was submitted to the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board and deemed “not required” in accordance with the Tri-Council Policy Statement (TCPS2) for the development of the CHART reporting guideline (#17025)
A collective investment in lived experience practice: examining a co-produced steering group within a mental health peer worker project
No full textThis paper describes the significance of a co-produced steering group within a project to introduce a new mental health peer worker role- the Lived Experience Practitioner (LXP) into a UK National Health Service (NHS) Trust. The steering group functions to guide decision making within the project. Through interactions between Lived Experience Practitioners, healthcare professionals and managers, meanings are negotiated and the space is co-constructed. The author will present qualitative findings from constructivist grounded theory PhD research examining how LXP roles are supported in an NHS Trust. Exploring how this steering group can be read as a relational space. This paper offers a timely discussion highlighting the complexity and value of co-producing governance structures as part of the process to support the lived experience workforce in mental health services.
Analysis of policy documents and intensive interviews with LXPs, healthcare professionals and managers involved in the Lived Experience Practitioner project will be presented. Alongside commentary upon Constructivist Grounded Theory methodology (Charmaz, 2006).
In the UK and internationally employment as a peer worker is increasingly recognised as an established pathway for many individuals in recovery from mental health issues (Moran et al, 2014). Yet it has been argued that the mutuality and reciprocity that characterise peer support cannot easily transpose onto a highly standardised cultures such as the NHS (Faulkner and Basset, 2012). For the adoption of a lived experience workforce to be successful, supportive and resourced environments are needed (Byrne et al, 2016).
This paper concludes that by employing co-production principles in its design, the LXP project steering group extends beyond its traditional governance remit. In so doing, this space is co-constructed through discursive interactions between LXPs, healthcare professionals and managers. Through interactions occurring within and surrounding this steering group a collective investment in the Lived Experience Practitioner role is established
Physical and psychological symptoms of quality of life in the CHART randomized trial in head and neck cancer: short-term and long-term patient reported symptoms. CHART Steering Committee. Continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy
No full textThe randomized multicentre trial of continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (CHART) versus conventional radiotherapy in patients with advanced head and neck cancer showed no good evidence of a difference in any of the major clinical outcomes of survival, freedom from metastases, loco-regional control and disease-free survival. Therefore an assessment of the effect of treatment on physical and psychological symptoms is vital to balance the costs and benefits of the two treatments. A total of 615 patients were asked to complete a Rotterdam Symptom Checklist and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, which cover a variety of physical and psychological symptoms, at a total of ten time points. The data consisted of short-term data (the initial 3 months) and long-term data (1 and 2 years). The short-term data was split into an exploratory data set and a confirmatory data set, and analysed using subject-specific and group-based methods. Differences were only claimed if hypotheses generated in the exploratory data set were confirmed in the confirmatory data set. The long-term data was not split into two data sets and was analysed using a group-based approach. There was evidence of significantly worse symptoms of pain at day 21 in those treated with CHART and significantly worse symptoms of cough and hoarseness at 6 weeks in those treated conventionally. There was also evidence to suggest a higher degree of decreased sexual interest at 1 year and sore muscles at 2 years in those treated with conventional radiotherapy. There is no clear indication that one regimen is superior to the other in terms of 'quality of life', generally the initially more severe reaction in the CHART group being offset by the longer duration of symptoms in the conventionally treated group.</p
Modelling and analysis of current and concept vehicles for the purpose of enhancing vehicle handling: executive summary
No full textIn this document, research into the modelling and analysis of current and concept vehicles for the purpose of enhancing vehicle handling is summarised. This work is recounted in detail in a portfolio of reports that has been submitted for the degree of Doctor of Engineering.
The portfolio includes fifteen submissions, eleven of which are concerned with the analysis and simulation of drivers' steering behaviour. Two relate to a novel suspension concept. One addresses a current problem caused by suspension variability and one introduces a process for selecting between new suspension concepts. Each of these fifteen submissions is summarised in this document. In addition, the order in which it is recommended that these submissions be read is listed.
In section 4, a project summary of the research into the analysis and simulation of drivers' steering behaviour is presented. Existing models of drivers' steering behaviour are reviewed. Vehicle tests that illustrate the different steering styles used by different drivers are recounted. A driver model that simulates the steering behaviour exhibited in these tests is formulated . Then, this driver model is used to develop a switching strategy for variable dampers. It is demonstrated that the switching strategy enhances vehicle handling and reduces the roll experienced by drivers during a handling manoeuvre.
Finally, it is verified that this research complies with the requirement of the degree of Doctor of Engineering to demonstrate innovation in the application of knowledge to the engineering business environment. This is achieved by specifying eight examples of where new ideas and methods have been applied to address current issues within the automotive industry
Influence of steering column friction on steering feel: A simulator study
No full textSteering feel is an important variable that contributes to drivers’ assessment of safety and comfort. As such, creating acceptable steering feel is one of the goals of automotive manufacturers. Prediction of subjective steering feel based on objective measures, for example, driver torque characteristics, can benefit the automotive industry by decreasing time and cost of the vehicle design process.This thesis project examined the effect of steering column friction, a sole objective parameter, on subjective steering feel and on the drivers’ performance. A driving simulator study was conducted with 17 non-professional drivers, who drove and assessed 11 dimensions of steering feel for five steering configurations. The experiment was carried out in a fixed base driving simulator. The steering configurations differed only in the level of column friction: 0 Nm, 0.15 Nm, 0.27 Nm, 0.39 Nm, 0.50 Nm. The driving task was divided into two sections: Drive on a highway without prescribed manoeuvres to evaluate the steering feel and lane following to collect objective measurements. Data collected during the experiment were tested with Friedman’s ANOVA. The results showed that the subjective assessments of the group were influenced by the level of friction. A more pronounced effect occurred between configurations with the lowest (0 Nm, 0.15 Nm) and the highest (0.50 Nm, 0.39 Nm) steering friction. Statistically significant differences were primarily found for the dimensions steering effort, steering effort in the neutral area, centering, and reluctant feel. Drivers assessed reluctant feel as increasing and returnability as decreasing with steering friction.In term’s of drivers’ performance, a higher workload was observed with an increase in steering friction, as measured by steering reversal rate. The same effect is present in another measure of workload, standard deviation of steering angle (STS; corrective movements become larger with friction). Lane keeping performance was not significantly affected by column friction in the present study.In summary, the results of the present study indicate that column friction is an important factor influencing a driver’s subjective steering feel, especially for configurations with at least 0.27 Nm. The findings suggest that friction can be tuned according to the driver’s preferences without incurring a decrease in performance. The potential effect of steering friction on drivers’ safety needs further study.Mechanical Engineering | Biomechanical Design - BioRobotic
Message from the new EULAR President and Steering Group
No full textThe last decade witnessed the ascendancy of rheumatology to become one of the most dynamic and progressive across the fields of medicine. During the COVID-19 pandemic our discipline emerged at the forefront of molecular medicine with the rapid uptake of immune-modulatory therapeutics and depth of immune pathogenesis understanding contributing fundamentally to the COVID-19 response. The European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) played a fundamental and vital role in this response in guiding rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease (RMD) therapeutics, vaccine use and even treatment innovations in the context of COVID-19 itself. Given this remarkable contribution, it is timely to reflect on EULAR-what is it and for what does it stand? At its core, EULAR represents people with RMDs, including their national societies, health professionals in rheumatology and scientific societies of rheumatology across the European nations. Our mission is to reduce the burden of RMDs on individuals and society and improve the treatment and prevention of RMDs. In this message from the new EULAR President and Steering Group, we present the most relevant activities of EULAR, its strategic aims and the concept of the EULAR family, a fantastic team of people working together across the three pillars of medical, health professional and patient societies. [Abstract copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
An Advanced Collaborative Infrastructure for the Real-Time Computational Steering of Large CFD Simulations
No full textusing graphical means, in certain cases it is even possible to alter parameters of the computation whilst it is running, depending on what the scientist sees in the current visual output. This ability to monitor and change parameters of the computational process at any time and from anywhere is called computational steering. By combining this capability with advanced communications tools, like the Access Grid, over high-speed network it is now possible for a group of scientists located across various continents to work collaboratively on simulations allowing them to compare ideas and to share their experience. In this paper, we present such an advanced collaborative computational steering environment specialized to solve CFD problems
MAE solar car project : braking and steering
No full textThe aim of this project is for a group of students to design and build a new solar car to race in the World Solar Challenge in October 2009, incorporating lessons learnt from the previous solar car, while adhering to the rules and regulations specified by the organizers of the race. In this report, the author will be looking at various types of braking systems as well as steering systems and selecting the most appropriate braking and steering systems to incorporate into the new solar car.
The selection criterion for the braking and steering systems are that the systems must be as simple and lightweight as, yet they must be able to meet the requirements as stipulated in the rules and regulations of the World Solar Challenge. The author will then design, purchase and fabricate the braking and steering systems for new solar car.
Several issues were encountered during the project. One of the major issues that were encountered was the difficulty in locating local suppliers for the braking system. The issue was eventually resolved by locating suppliers in Johor, Malaysia. Another issue that was encountered was the difficulty in coordinating between the various design areas. The issue was resolved through better communication between the students.
All in all, the author has gained knowledge on the various braking and steering systems, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The project objective of designing a solar car to participate in a race was met.Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical Engineering
Increasing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics skills using Project Lead the Way
No full textIncludes bibliographical references
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