1,721,144 research outputs found
MYOELECTRIC CROSSTALK IN ANTAGONIST MUSCLES OF THE HUMAN THIGH
No full textCrosstalk between adjacent or antagonistic muscles of the human thigh has been measured accurately in order to clarify the use of surface electromyography (EMG) for identifying cocontraction of muscles during movement. The myoelectric crosstalk between the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and the lateral and medial hamstring muscles of the thigh have been quantitatively identified. Crosstalk measurement relies on the ability to discriminate between a signal originating from the muscle fibers below the detecting electrode and a volume conducted signal from another muscle. Such discrimination has been obtained using electrical stimulation and a double-differential recording technique previously applied successfully for measuring crosstalk in the lower leg
Gait analyses in the reeducation of knee prosthesis
No full textThe authors report the results of a study based on "gait analysis" of 23 patients with total-condylar knee prosthesis with early load. The treatment used and the modifications introduced after the results of the instrumental analysis are described. © 1995 Elsevier, Paris
A new computerisable rating sheet for the assessment of knee derangements caused by sport
No full textMyoelectric activation pattern during gait in total knee replacement: Relationship with kinematics, kinetics, and clinical outcome
No full textA case study was carried out over two years on a patient that underwent total knee replacement. The objective was to demonstrate that quantitative gait analysis is needed to augment the understanding of the mechanisms underlying gait. Initial results show that this methodology could be beneficial for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs aimed at achieving an active control of the knee during gait through a correct muscular activation pattern
Total ankle replacement: Rationale and history of the designs and recent advances
No full textThe treatment by arthrodesis of severe erosions of the ankle articular surfaces caused by various forms of arthritis is not completely successful. Unfortunately, ankle arthroplasty is not showing more satisfactory results. The poor clinical outcome of total ankle replacement have been attributed to the incomplete knowledge of the mechanisms which guide mobility and stability at this joint. This has resulted in a long series of tentative attempts with inhomogeneous clinical results. Rationale and requirements for ankle prosthesis design is first provided in this paper. A comprehensive list of the known designs, either published or patented, is reported. The technical developments from the congruent and incongruent 2-component to the current 3-component designs are reported. These designs are also discussed in term of the relevant clinical results. It is pointed out the definite failure of the early congruent 2-component designs. This historical outline ends up with a brief summary of recent findings on ankle biomechanics which have elucidated the physiological pattern of sliding plus rolling motion and the resistance to external forces in terms of mutual action of the ligaments and the articular surfaces. These findings have resulted also in a possible novel design for total ankle replacement. To restore physiological function at the ankle joint, for the first time the shapes of the prosthetic surfaces have been designed to be compatible with the original pattern of slackening/tightening of the ligaments. Current 3-component designs using a flat tibial component and physiological talar shapes cannot be compatible with physiological ligament function
ARISING FROM A CHAIR: THE ROLE OF BI-ARTICULAR MUSCLES IN RESOLVING LOMBARD'S PARADOX
No full textThe authors have analyzed the role of biarticular muscles during the act of arising from a chair by trying to understand the differences found in maximum hip contact pressures between standing up, stair-climbing and level walking. They have found that despite its energy cost, cocontraction is normal in all these activities, with the simultaneous hip and knee extension explained by biarticular muscle action, Lombard's paradox, and the respective muscle lever arms. Furthermore, cocontraction is used when a joint must be stiffened, as, for example, in preparing to absorb an abrupt load such as heel strike
Erratum: Data movement in gait analysis for clinical applications (Clinical Biomechanics (1998) 13, 3 (204-215))
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