1,721,418 research outputs found
Implicit processing of shadows
No full textUsing synthetic objects, I investigate whether recognition performance is sensitive to different features of cast and attached shadows. Participants were required to recognise familiar objects presented to central vision while the presence, position and shape of cast and attached shadows were systematically manipulated. Costs in response time were found for naming objects in incongruent lighting and shadow conditions, that is, when the object was presented with a cast shadow that originated from a different object and when it was also non-congruently illuminated (e.g. attached shadow indicating that the source of light was from the left, and cast shadow indicating that the source of light was from the right)
Grasping a fruit: Selection for action
Full text linkThis study used a natural task, with no emphasis placed oil speeded responses, To investigate unconscious information processing. Using the ELITE system, a kinematic analysis was performed of the upper limb reach-to-grasp movement, Nine experiments explored how the presence of distractors affects the transport and grasp component of this movement, Experiment 1 showed that the kinematics for grasping apples. mandarins, cherries, and bananas were measurably different. Experiments 2A-D, 3 and 4 showed that these kinematics were not affected by the presence of nearby distracter fruits of either the same or a different kind, In Experiment 5, interference effects became evident when participants were required to perform a subsidiary task involving the distracter (counting the number of times a laterally placed fruit was illuminated). Experiment 6, requiring both grasping a target fruit and counting the number of rimes that this fruit was illuminated, revealed no interference effects. Taken together, these results suggest that selection for action does not involve substantial passive processing of distractors. However, dual-action processing of simultaneously presented objects does appear to involve automatic processing of even the task-irrelevant properties of the distractor
Is action imitation a biological affair? The consequences of observing a human or a robotic hand grasping an object
No full text(Re)claiming plants in comparative psychology
No full textUp until the middle of the 19th century, some data about plant behavior could be found in books dealing with comparative psychology. The tendency gradually faded away, and the topic was almost exclusively treated in literature dealing with plant physiology. In recent years, however, there has been a revamping of psychological terminology and theorizing to describe, explain, and formulate hypotheses on the evidence that many of the sophisticated behaviors plants exhibit are an expression of cognitive competences that are generally attributed to human and nonhuman animals. In this work I shall discuss a selection of experimental studies supporting the idea that plants could be defined as cognitive agents. Experiments showing that the behavior of plants is controlled by a representation of its goal, episodic-like memory, and decision-making will be described. It is not, however, my intention to embrace any position as to whether or to what degree plants are conscious. Rather, I hope to (re)fuel the discussion within the psychological community that will point in the direction of integrating studies concerning adaptive plant behavior within the wider field of comparative psychology
Differential attentional coding for three-dimensional objects and two dimensional shapes
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