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Mortality related to different circulatory diseases: a multiple causes of death analysis, 2008-2022
Full text linkBackground Mortality from circulatory diseases significantly increased in 2020 compared to pre-pandemic years in many countries. However, data were mostly limited to the underlying cause of death and to the first phases of the pandemic. Analyses of any mention of a disease in death certificates (multiple causes of death approach, MCOD) are more robust to changes in coding rules/practices and to the role of COVID-19 as a competing cause of death. Methods Mortality records were extracted from 2008 to 2022 among residents of the Veneto Region (Northeastern Italy, 4.9 million population). Based on MCOD, age-standardized mortality rates (2013 European standard) were computed for ischemic heart diseases (IHD), cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), atrial fibrillation (AF), and hypertensive diseases (HD). The annual percent change (APC) was estimated through the pre-pandemic period (2008-2019), and change in rates during pandemic years were computed compared to 2019. Results Before the pandemic, rates were steeply declining for IHD (APC -5.1%; 95%CI -5.5, -4.6) and CVD (-4.0%; -4.4, -3.5); mortality related to HD reduced at a slower pace (-1.9%; -2.3, -1.4), whereas AF-related mortality was increasing (+1.0%; 0.1, 1.8). During the first year of the pandemic, the growth in mortality compared to 2019 was +26% for HD, +18% for AF, +13% for CVD and +12% for IHD. In 2021-2022, rates for CVD and IHD returned to pre-pandemic levels; rates for HD reduced with respect to 2020 but remained above the baseline; AF-related mortality was still increasing. Conclusions The pandemic differentially impacted mortality associated to different circulatory diseases, depending on pre-existing long-term trends (increasing for AF) and on susceptibility to severe COVID-19 disease (higher for HD). Continuous surveillance based on MCOD is warranted to properly assess changes in mortality associated to specific circulatory diseases after the end of the pandemic. Key messages • Multiple causes of death analyses are warranted to assess how the pandemic affected pre-existing long term trends in cause-specific mortality. • Mortality related to different circulatory diseases increased in 2020, but pre-pandemic trends, the extent of the increase in 2020, and further changes observed in 2021-2022 largely diverged
Valutazione del rischio in presenza di pipeline
No full textEsistono criteri di valutazione di compatibilità territoriale per stabilimenti di produzione e depositi a rischio di incidente rilevante, mentre lo stesso non può dirsi per gli oleodotti. Lo scopo del lavoro è stato quello di sviluppare un metodo indicizzato di valutazione della compatibilità territoriale degli oleodotti omogeneo con quelli già esistenti per le installazioni fisse
Utilizzo di tecniche respirometriche per la determinazione delle costanti stechiometriche e cinetiche di un processo a fanghi attivi
No full textViene descritta la determinazione sperimentale mediante tecniche respirometriche, di parametri cinetici e stechiometrici che regolano i processi biologic
MICROINQUINANTI ORGANICI ED INORGANICI NELLE ACQUE REFLUE CIVILI: STATO DELL’ARTE
No full textVolume interno DASS/Univ.Insubria sulla presenza e la trattabilità di microinquinanti inorganici (metalli pesanti, ecc.) ed organici emergenti (farmaci, EDs, droghe, ecc.) nelle acque reflue
La combustione dei rifiuti solidi urbani
No full textLa termovalorizzazione dei RSU, oltre ad occupare un ruolo di significativa importanza all’interno del sistema integrato di gestione dei rifiuti, rappresenta un’interessante strumento per recuperare l’energia contenuta all’interno della grande quantità di materiale che, diversamente, verrebbe avviata a smaltimento perché ritenuta non più utilizzabile.
La relazione proposta descrive i principali sistemi di trattamento termico, con recupero di energia, utilizzati per lo smaltimento dei RSU, nonché alcune delle tecnologie adottate per il controllo delle emissioni da impianti di termovalorizzazione
Cooperazione internazionale allo sviluppo: soluzioni appropriate per ambiente, energia e sviluppo sostenibile
No full textCox regression was used to compare the measurement error of two tests vs. a gold standard.
No full textAbstract: Objective: The use of survival analysis has been proposed to compare the diagnostic performance of two tests. We expanded it to compare two tests with a gold standard simultaneously.
Study Design and Setting: In this diagnostic study, the spherical equivalent component of refraction was measured with the PowerRefractor and the Canon R-50 autorefractor. The reference test was Canon R-50 autorefraction with cycloplegic blockage of accommodation. The error of the two index tests was compared with Cox regression analysis with robust standard error estimation to take into account repeated measures on the same subject. We evaluated 1,559 children aged 5-6 from 25 schools in three urban locations in Ecuador.
Results: The main strength of survival analysis was that it does not assume a specific distribution of measurement errors, which were not normally distributed in this study. The proportional hazards assumption, a requirement of Cox regression, was met only after removal of the bias of each test. When this was done, noncycloplegic autorefraction was better than the PowerRefractor regardless of the magnitude and direction of the error.
Conclusion: The potential of Cox regression can be applied to diagnostic studies that compare more tests with a gold standard. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Increasing epilepsy-related mortality: A multiple causes of death study in Northern Italy
Full text linkPurpose: to assess the burden of epilepsy as the underlying or contributory cause of death, to investigate time trends in mortality with epilepsy, and to examine the main associated comorbidities. Methods: All deaths from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2019 with any mention of epilepsy were retrieved from the mortality register of the Veneto Region (Italy). The average annual percent change (AAPC) in age-standardized mortality rates was estimated by log-linear models. The association between mention of epilepsy and of selected disease categories in death certificates was assessed by conditional logistic regression. Results: Any mention of epilepsy was reported in 5,907 death certificates; of these, epilepsy was selected as the underlying cause in 1,020 decedents. Deaths with epilepsy represented 0.8% of total mortality in 2008–2011, increasing to 1.3% in 2016–2019. The AAPC was 4.7% for males (95% CI 3.0–6.4, p<0.001) and 6.2% for females (95% CI 4.5–7.9, p<0.001). A strong association was found between mention of epilepsy and meningitis/encephalitis, congenital anomalies/cerebral palsy and other paralytic syndromes, central nervous system tumours, cerebrovascular diseases, and dementia/Alzheimer. Conclusions: The present analysis from Southern Europe confirms recent reports limited to the UK and the US on increasing epilepsy-related mortality rates. aging of the population and the growing prevalence of neurological disorders are among long-term causes of this unfavorable trend; further studies on mortality data and other health archives are warranted
The performance of gesture in children with and without DCD: effects of sensory input modalities
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