1,721,040 research outputs found
The value of histology, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, and mismatch repair status as risk factors of nodal metastasis in screening detected and endoscopically removed pT1 colorectal cancers.
Full text linkBACKGROUND
The number of patients with colorectal cancers (CRCs) invading the submucosa (pT1) resected during colonoscopy is increasing due to the screening. Such tumors are potentially metastatic, but only 15% of patients have nodal involvement. Histologic criteria currently used for selecting patients needing resection are imprecise and most patients are overtreated. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and mismatch repair (MMR) status impact on CRC prognosis and could be risk factors of nodal metastasis.
AIM
To identify patients requiring completion surgery, the value of histologic variables, TILs, and MMR status as risk factors of nodal metastasis was investigated in screening detected and endoscopically removed pT1 CRCs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Histologic variables, CD3+ and CD8+ TILs, and MMR status were assessed in 102 endoscopically removed pT1 CRC. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the correlation with
nodal metastasis.
RESULTS
Positive resection margin, evidence of vascular invasion and tumor budding, wide area of submucosal invasion, and high number of CD3+ TILs were associated with nodal metastasis in univariate analyses. Vascular invasion was statistically independent in multivariate analysis.
Evidence of neoplastic cells in the vessels and/or at the excision border featured 5 out of 5 metastatic tumors and 13 out of 97 non-metastatic ones.
CONCUSIONS
Completion surgery should be mandatory only for patients with pT1 CRC with vascular invasion or with tumor cells reaching the margin. In all other cases, the treatment choice should be entrusted to the evaluation of the risk-benefit ratio of each patient considering the rarity of nodal metastasis
RAS, Cellular Plasticity, and Tumor Budding in Colorectal Cancer
Full text linkThe high morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain a worldwide challenge, despite the advances in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. RAS alterations have a central role in the pathogenesis of CRC universally recognized both in the canonical mutation-based classification and in the recent transcriptome-based classification. About 40% of CRCs are KRAS mutated, 5% NRAS mutated, and only rare cases are HRAS mutated. Morphological and molecular correlations demonstrated the involvement of RAS in cellular plasticity, which is related to invasive and migration properties of neoplastic cells. RAS signaling has been involved in the initiation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC leading to tumor spreading. Tumor budding is the morphological surrogate of EMT and features cellular plasticity. Tumor budding is clinically relevant for CRC patients in three different contexts: (i) in pT1 CRC the presence of tumor buds is associated with nodal metastasis, (ii) in stage II CRC identifies the cases with a prognosis similar to metastatic disease, and (iii) intratumoral budding could be useful in patient selection for neoadjuvant therapy. This review is focused on the current knowledge on RAS in CRC and its link with cellular plasticity and related clinicopathological features
Fine-needle cytology of cutaneous juvenile xanthogranuloma and langerhans cell histiocytosis.
No full textBACKGROUND: In pediatric patients, a cutaneous nodule is usually diagnosed by performing an excisional biopsy, but fine-needle cytology (FNC) is a safer and noninvasive diagnostic method widely used to obtain diagnostic specimens with little stress to the patient. The authors compared the ability of FNC and biopsy to differentiate Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) from juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG). METHODS: Correlating cytological results with histological findings, the authors reviewed 27 patients (15 males and 12 females; mean age, 37 months; range, 1 month to 14 years) admitted to the University of Padua Department of Pediatrics from 1998 to 2010. RESULTS: Cytology smears were adequate in all 27 (100%) patients: 14 (52%) were classified as having JXG, 12 (44%) as having LCH, and 1 (4%) as having a doubtful finding. A biopsy was also performed in 20 of these patients, and in all but 1, the 2 methods were completely concordant. CONCLUSIONS: FNC is safe and useful in the diagnostic workup of pediatric patients with cutaneous nodules and has no contraindications to its use as the initial diagnostic procedure. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2011;119:134-40. (C) 2010 American Cancer Society
Giant cell reparative granuloma of the scapula: report of a case and literature review
Full text linkGiant cell reparative granulomas (GCRGs) are non-neoplastic inflammatory lesions, usually observed in the maxilla, mandible or small bones of the hands and feet. These lesions present a wide range of morphology and the misinterpretation with other giant cell lesions can often occur. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman with GCRG in the left scapula, presenting some uncommon features: the location (scapula) and age at presentation, the lack of underlying bone disease such as Paget's disease or fibrous dysplasia, the large aggressive expansile aspect of the lesion. This was a therapeutic study, level IV (case series with no or a historical control group)
Metastatic lesion from clear cell renal carcinoma after 40 years and a review of the literature
Full text linkRenal cancer carcinoma (RCC) is among the ten most common cancer in the worldwide affecting more frequently men 1. Clear cell renal cancer carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most frequent subtype and accounts for the majority of renal cancer death 1. The treatment depends on the tumor characteristics and staging at diagnosis. If RCC is localized, the treatment consists of surgery (partial or total nephrectomy) followed by surveillance, while if it is disseminated, surgery (if possible) should be followed by single/multiple target therapy or immunotherap
Concurrent pheochromocytoma and cortical carcinoma of the adrenal gland
No full textIF 2009: 2.502; Q1, primo autore: 10 punti
Precancerous lesions in the stomach: from biology to clinical patient management.
No full textI.F. 3155 Gastric cancer is the final step in a multi-stage cascade triggered by long-standing inflammatory conditions (particularly Helicobacter pylori infection) resulting in atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: these lesions represent the cancerization field in which (intestinal-type) gastric cancer develops. Intraepithelial neoplasia is consistently recognized as the phenotypic bridge between atrophic/metaplastic lesions and invasive cancer. This paper addresses the epidemiology, pathology, molecular profiling, and clinical management of advanced precancerous gastric lesion
Classification of non-small cell lung carcinoma in transthoracic needle specimens using microRNA expression profiling.
No full textMicroRNA analysis as a potential diagnostic tool in the cytological diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer.
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