1,721,044 research outputs found
La biodiversità nelle aree urbane
No full textDal 21 al 24 Maggio 2008 si è tenuta in Erfurt, Germania centro-orientale, la conferenza internazionale “Urban Biodiversity & Design. Implementing the Convention on Biological Diversity in towns and cities” (www.urbio2008.com). L’evento è stato organizzato dal CONTUREC, organo di connessione tra diverse competenze in ecologia urbana, nato in Germania nel 2005 e fin dalla sua fondazione attivo a livello internazionale soprattutto per l’implementazione della Convenzione sulla Diversità Biologica (CBD) nelle aree urbane. La comunità scientifica internazionale ha risposto all’invito con numerosi contributi di diverso taglio disciplinare ai temi di: i) Indagine e valutazione della biodiversità nelle aree urbane-industriali; ii) Aspetti culturali della biodiversità urbana; iii) Aspetti sociali della biodiversità urbana; iv) Biodiversità urbana e cambiamenti climatici; v) Progettazione e futuro della biodiversità urbana
Stato di conservazione e linee di indirizzo gestionale del tratto metropolitano del corridoio fluviale del Tevere
No full textLinking green infrastructure deployment needs and agroecosystem conditions for the improvement of the Natura2000 network. Preliminary investigations in W Mediterranean Europe
Full text linkReconnecting natural habitats and improving agroecosystem conditions are strategic targets set by several European policies. In order to combine both of these needs, the European Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 has triggered new investments in Green Infrastructure (GI), which actually represents a valuable tool to increase ecological connectivity across natural and semi-natural habitats. In particular, GI may benefit the Natura2000 (N2K) network (i.e., the network of protected sites under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives) by reinforcing the node/site number, extent, and distribution and by improving connections between often small and isolated habitat patches. However, there is a lack of knowledge on what the actual needs of GI deployment are for improving the current Natura2000 network, on the distribution of these needs across Europe and on the potential role of agricultural areas in the improvement of the network functionality. Concurrently, especially in SW Europe, there is an ongoing trend toward the homogenisation and intensification of agricultural systems and the combined loss of associated landscape elements, such as natural and semi-natural Small Woody Features (SWF). Although a well-planned network of such elements could support biodiversity and landscape connectivity, thus effectively complementing the Natura2000 network, little evidence is available on their abundance and residual distribution, especially in agricultural areas and at continental/bioregional scales. Therefore, the present work is aimed at (i) identifying different types of territorial units (NUTS3) in W Mediterranean Europe according to current N2K network features, the overall composition of the actual landscape mosaic and the potential natural heterogeneity of the environment and (ii) identifying and spatialising N2K-related GI deployment needs according to a more specific network analysis in terms of nodes (extent of the total protected area) and links (density of residual woody elements in arable land) within the different types of NUTS3. By means of this wide-scale investigation, four different types of GI deployment needs were generalised across the W Mediterranean Europe NUTS3. Overall, the need for connection restoration prevails, followed by the need for the consolidation of node and link conservation, for the creation of new protected sites and for the enlargement of existing N2K sites. Although useful for a preliminary setting, the shortcomings related to summary data at the European level were also highlighted when compared to local-scale information, with the latter being more suitable for identifying and prioritising truly effective GI conservation and restoration actions
Infrastrutture verdi e benefici ambientali. Come integrare conservazione e recupero della biodiversità nella pianificazione territoriale delle aree metropolitane Green infrastructure and environmental benefits. How to combine biodiversity conservation and restoration with territorial planning in metropolitan areas
No full textLe infrastrutture verdi (IV) urbane rappresentano un valido strumento per sostenere lo sviluppo sostenibile delle città, obiettivo strategico globale. Grazie ad una Strategia dedicata alle IV, derivata da quella per la Biodiversità al 2020, in Europa si dispone di un chiaro riferimento per il miglioramento della sostenibilità urbana e peri-urbana, in grado di stimolare l’effettiva inclusione di biodiversità e servizi ecosistemici nella pianificazione territoriale. Il contributo intende esplicitare la necessità di questa inclusione e fornire alcuni spunti per migliorane l’efficacia, a partire dall’importanza della qualità – oltre che della quantità- di specie e di ecosistemi e della connettività ecologica paesaggistica. Viene inoltre evidenziata l’importanza degli approcci interdisciplinari, in grado di esaltare le sinergie tra conservazione di specie ed ecosistemi e capacità di fornitura di molteplici servizi, risolvere eventuali conflitti e limitare compromessi dannosi per la biodiversità.Urban Green Infrastructure (GI) represents an effective tool for supporting sustainable development of cities, that is a strategic objective at the global level. Thanks to a GI Strategy, arising from that on Biodiversity to 2020, European countries dispose of a clear reference framework for addressing sustainability in urban and peri-urban areas, which is also useful for triggering the inclusion of biodiversity and ecosystem services into territorial planning. The need for such an inclusion, and some hints for enhancing its effectiveness, are delineated. In particular, the importance of species and ecosystem quality, besides quantity, and of landscape ecological connectivity is outlined. Moreover, the usefulness of multiple disciplinary skills to be involved in the planning and design processes is highlighted, in order to increase synergies between conservation targets and ecosystem service provision, to avoid and solve potential conflicts, and to reduce trade-offs impairing biodiversity
On the vegetation series in the northern sector of the Simbruini Mountains (Central Apennines)
No full textDefining and mapping typological models at the landscape scale
No full textThis paper aims to discuss the role of plant sociology in the framework of ecology and biodiversity conservation, and to present an experimental approach that promotes the integration of vegetation science with landscape ecology. A new model of deductive plant sociology at the landscape level is proposed, which is rooted in the traditional approach but relates to the landscape ecology of the 'European school' for its emphasis on landscape classification. Using the case study of the Municipality of Rome, a methodological process for defining and mapping vegetation series, geosigmeta and landscape units is proposed, based on the overlay of climatic, lithomorphological, floristic and vegetation information, the latter in its syntaxonomical and dynamical aspects. At the landscape level plant sociology can significantly contribute to formalize ecological models based on complex isofunctional units and helpful in environmental management and planning
Natural and Cultural Capital. Contribution to the Conference held at the Botanical Garden of Rome, Italy 24 November 2014
No full textIn the coming years, the scientific community should assist policies in moving from words
to deeds. In this perspective it is essential to go forward from the overall regional and
national syntheses to the concrete territories particularly in metropolitan areas and in all
those lands where cumulative human pressures make conservation a real challenge both for
biodiversity and for landscapes where nature, history and social and economic development
of local populations are combined. For this reason, and as it is coherently established by the
EU MAES programme, it will be necessary to assess the conservation state of each ecosystem
in order to plan the rehabilitation measures, structural and spatial, that will bring significant
improvements on the scale of the related environmental services. The analysis of the
spatial configuration linked to the landscape ecology and the assessment of the ecological
connectivity (ecological territorial network) will provide key knowledge elements
particularly useful to progress from the evaluation phase to the implementation of green
infrastructure defining a new land management planning. The aim is to implement actions
with a systemic complexity able to provide and promote, at the same time, ecosystem and
cultural services that are clearly connected with agricultural activities and sustainable
tourism
An integrated approach to better define the concept and functions of Urban Biosphere Reserves
No full textThe UNESCO-MAB Programme, and in particular the Biosphere Reserve Network, is described within the context of international strategies aimed at ecological sustainability in cities. An innovative acceptation of Biosphere Reserves for urban areas, based on the landscape ecology principle of the integration of natural, social, economic and cultural knowledge, is proposed. The interdisciplinary definition of structure and functions for Urban Biosphere Reserves envisages: (i) the inclusion of the whole metropolitan territory within the Reserve's boundaries; (ii) specific criteria for the delimitation of core areas and buffer zones in urban and periurban contexts; (iii) special focus on transition area requirements; (iv) the improvement in living conditions and a solution to the conflict between humans and the environment by enhancing and harmonizing the overall natural, economic, social and cultural qualities of cities; and (v) support for sustainable planning strategies on a local scale rather than the imposition of new conservation ties
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