1,721,170 research outputs found
Cocaine-induced liver disease in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla.
No full textCocaine is a potent psychostimulant and highly addicting drug, causing hepatotoxicity in humans, laboratory animals and fish1. Due to the worldwide use of cocaine, it is detected in surface waters2; despite its low concentrations, cocaine induces toxic effects in the European eel3,4. In this study, the effect of cocaine on
the liver of the European eel was evaluated. A stock solution of 0.006 mg/mLcocaine free-base in ethanol was prepared. Male silver eels were exposed for fifty days to 20 ng/ Lof cocaine; untreated control, vehicle control and two post-exposure recovery groups (exposed to cocaine and then deprived of it and only exposed to tap following parameters were evaluated: liver morphology; cytochrome oxidase (COX) activity, as a marker of oxidative
metabolism5; caspase-3 activity, as a marker of apoptosis activation6; GRP78 expression, as a marker of the unfolded protein response7; blood glucose level, as a marker of stress8; serum levels
of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and C-reactive protein (CRP), markers of liver injury8,9. In the exposed eels, loss of parenchymal cells and lipid content, and necrotic areas were observed. COX and caspase-3 activities, GRP78 expression, blood glucose level, ALT and CRP levels increased. In the post-exposure recovery eels COX
returned to control values, caspase-3 activity was lower whereas GRP78 expression, blood glucose level, ALT and CRP levels were higher than controls. These results show that even low cocaine concentrations
affect the eel liver, suggesting potential impact on the survival of this species.
References
1. Arinç E, Bozcaarmutlu A. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2003;17:169-76.
2. Rosi Marshall EJ, et al. J Hazard Mater 2015;282:18-25.
3. Capaldo A, et al. Sci Tot Environ 2018;640-641:862-73.
4. Capaldo A, et al. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019;169:112-9.
5. Lionetti L, et al. Cell Mol Life Sci 2004;61:1366-71.
6. Brentnall M, et al. BMC Cell Biol 2013;14:32.
7. Kaufman RJ. Genes & Devel 1999;13:1211-33.
8. Banaee M, et al. Pest Biochem Physiol 2011;99:1-6.
9. Giannini EG, et al. CMAJ 2005;172:367-79
Iolascon G, Capaldo A, Orlando V, Menditto E. Persistence with antiosteoporotic drugs: a retrospective population-based color study
No full textThe study of adherence to therapy is a field of study of particular relevant today. In chronic conditions, the adherence to therapy is never greater than 50% Which leads to an increase in both morbidity and mortality. The use of administrative databases represents an excellent tool for indirect measurement of levels of persistence to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. Osteoporosis is a major cause of disability with high costs to the health service. Persistence to drug therapy of less than 6 months has absolutely no benefit to the patient. The analysis performed in Campania region by using retrospective health administrative databases confirms inadeguate persistence of therapy: about 70% of patients interrupt treatment at 6 months and only 14% are persistent after 1 year. Moreover, half of incident users are spot therapy. The greatest factor which influences persistence is the complexity of administration: Ibandronate and Risedronate which are taken monthly are the most compliant
L'economia neo-industriale. Note a margine del testo: "Le strategie interattive d’impresa. Dalla catena alla costellazione del valore", di R. Normann e R. Ramirez
No full text
Network Governance: Social Mechanisms, Knowledge Benefits, and Performance Outcomes in Joint-Design Alliances
No full textDrawing on multiple-level embedded case study research of eight dyadic joint-design alliances and 14 collaborative ventures within them, this study sheds light on network governance and its outcomes. To do so, I advance a cross-level model of how a system of reciprocally influencing network-level (i.e., structural) and dyad-level (i.e., relational) social mechanisms affects the propensity of the organizations involved in interorganizational relationships to engage in knowledge-intensive activities that yield considerable knowledge benefits and strategic outcomes at both the alliance and firm level
Per un "approccio strategico" alle scelte localizzative dell'impresa dettagliante moderna
No full textIl presente articolo affronta, dall'angolo visuale dell'economista d'impresa, le problematiche connesse alle scelte localizzative della distribuzione moderna. Dopo aver esaminato quegli eventi che, storicamente, hanno contribuito ad accrescere l'interesse per le scelte in questione ed aver poi osservato la persistente attualità delle stesse, nonostante il nuovo ruolo che sembra destinato al commercio nell'incipiente era neo-industriale dell'economia, illustriamo un modello concettuale atto a consentire, alle imprese del dettaglio moderno, un approccio realmente strategico alle decisioni di localizzazione. La chiave di ciò che intendiamo per "approccio strategico" alle scelte localizzative si trova, in primo luogo, nel comprendere come la singola scelta ubicazionale possa essere realmente funzionale al raggiungimento degli obiettivi d'impresa (che, purtuttavia, essa stessa contribuisce ad individuare) solo in quanto inquadrata in una 'prospettiva di rete"; solo in quanto ispirata, cioè, dalla ricerca di un legame di coerenza con l'intero stole network, disegnato e gestito, quest'ultimo, come risultato di un processo d'interazione tra competenze aziendali, minacce/opportunità ambientali, strategie di marketing e logistiche. L'articolo si conclude con un accenno alla prassi aziendale italiana nel settore delle grandi superfici di vendita
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