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Influence of neonatal treatment with the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin on the development of dopamine receptors in the rat kidney.
No full textThe influence of neonatal treatment with the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin ((R,S)alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1R,S)-cis-trans-3-(2,2-dichloro-vinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate) on postnatal development of renal dopamine receptors was investigated by radioligand binding assay techniques. Treatment with cypermethrin was made on rats from the 10th to the 16th day after birth. Dopamine D1- and D2-like receptors were assayed in frozen sections of kidney of 21-, 30-, 60- and 90-day-old rats using as ligands of dopamine D1- and D2-like receptors [3H]([R](+)-(chloro-2,3,4,5,-tetrahydro-5-phenyl-1,4,-benzazepinal hemimaleate) (SCH 23390) and [3H]spiperone, respectively. Treatment with cypermethrin was without effect on the affinity (Kd value) or the density (Bmax value) of dopamine D1- and D2-like receptors of rats of 21 days of age. In older groups, treatment with the compound reduced the affinity and increased the density of dopamine D1-like receptors, whereas it was without effect on the affinity of dopamine D2-like receptors and decreased their density. These findings indicate that neonatal treatment with the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin induces long-lasting impairment of renal dopamine D1- and D2-like receptors and that kidney is a target of the toxic action of the compound. Renal dopamine receptor changes caused by cypermethrin are consistent with possible alterations of renal tubular function and of sympathetic neuroeffector modulation. The above data suggest also that, different from the adult, neonatal exposure to pyrethroid insecticides may induce toxic effects
Hypocholesterolemic activity of calcic and magnesic-sulphate-sulphurous spring mineral water in the rat.
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Erythrocyte plasma membrane perturbations in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet: effect of drinking with sulphurous mineral water
No full textCypermethrin-induced plasma membrane perturbation on erythrocytes from rats: reduction of fluidity in the hydrophobic core and in glutathione peroxidase activity
No full textDifferent effects of type I and type II pyrethroids on erythrocyte plasma membrane properties and enzymatic activity in rats.
No full textPrenatal exposure to cypermethrin modulates rat NK cell cytotoxic functions.
No full textThe synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, cypermethrin, was given during gestation to pregnant rats by gavage in corn oil. Peripheral blood and spleen cytotoxic activity of dams and their offspring were then evaluated at different times (30, 60, 90, 120 days) after birth. Pups showed a significant increase in peripheral blood natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent (ADCC) cytotoxic activity paralleled with a similar increase in the percentage of NK-RP1+ cells and decreased activity in the spleen. Pregnant cypermethrin-exposed dams showed no changes in peripheral blood or spleen cytotoxic function during the postnatal period. Overall, these results suggest that immunomodulation of cytotoxic activity observed in the offspring is likely attributable to a specific effect of cypermethrin administered during the prenatal period
Erytrocyte plasma membrane perturbations in rats fed cholesterol-rich diet: effect of drinking with sulphurous mineral water
No full textAims: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability of calcic and magnesic-sulphate-sulphurous spring mineral water (SMW) to reduce total and erythrocyte plasma membrane cholesterol in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. Methods: By using different fluorescent probes, 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH), 1-[4-( trimethylamino) phenyl]-6-phenylhexa-1,3,5-triene (TMA-DPH) and Laurdan, a possible correlation was evaluated between cholesterol content changes of the membranes and membrane fluidity. Results: The results clearly show that hydropinic treatment reduced cholesterol level. No significant change was observed in DPH and TMA-DPH anisotropy values. By using Laurdan, an increase was observed in generalized polarization (GP(340)) in both groups of rats ( the one that drank tap water and the one that drank SMW) compared with the controls. The rate of haemolysis was reduced in those erythrocyte suspensions in which cholesterol was increased, even if the enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase and catalase decreased. Conclusion: Hydropinic treatment with SMW is of interest from the biomedical point of view, because it could represent an alternative approach in interventions aimed at ameliorating biological injury deriving from hypercholesterolaemia. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel
Lymphocyte DNA damage in rats exposed to pyrethroids: effect of supplementation with Vitamins E and C.
Full text linkPesticides have been considered potential chemical mutagens. In fact, some studies show that various agrochemical ingredients possess mutagenic properties inducing mutations, chromosomal alterations or DNA damage. Experimental evidence shows a marked correlation between mutagenicity and carcinogenicity and indicates that short-term mutagenicity tests are useful for
predicting carcinogenicity. The present study on rat exposed to two pyrethroids, cypermethrin and permethrin, showed different lymphocyte DNA damage depending on the type of pyrethroid, the dose, and the period of treatment. Data obtained from comet assay showed that oral treatment with 150 mg/kg body weight/day of permethrin (corresponding to 1/10 of LD50) for 60 days, induced a significant increase in all comet parameters. No lymphocyte DNA damage was measured after treatment with 25 mg/kg body weight/day of cypermethrin (corresponding to 1/10 of LD50) for the same period. A higher dose of permethrin (300 mg/kg body weight/day), for a shorter period (22 days), did not induce lymphocyte DNA damage, while supplementation with 200 mg/kg of Vitamins E and C protected erythrocytes against plasma membrane lipids peroxidation. Moreover, treatment with Vitamins E and C maintained the activity of glutathione peroxidase, which was reduced in the presence of permethrin, and reduced the osmotic fragility, which had increased following permethrin treatment
Antioxidative and gastroprotective activities of anti-inflammatory formulations derived from chestnut in rats.
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