1,721,150 research outputs found
Organizzazione e conoscenza. Riflessioni teoriche e riscontri empirici
No full textNegli ultimi anni la comunità degli studiosi di materie organizzative ha sviluppato un ampio dibattito sul knowledge management e sulle relative implicazioni di progettazione organizzativa e gestione delle risorse umane in azienda. La produzione scientifica che ne è scaturita ha evidenziato una notevole vastità di approcci al KM, e un parallelo bisogno di razionalizzazione e assestamento di un’area in così rapida e tumultuosa evoluzione. Attorno al tema della relazione tra sistemi informativi e conoscenza, in particolare, si è sviluppata una ricca serie di filoni di ricerca e di spunti di approfondimento. In questo scenario, il volume presenta alcuni risultati di un itinerario di studio focalizzato sui risvolti di carattere organizzativo dei progetti di knowledge management supportati dall’introduzione di tecnologie dell’informazione e della comunicazione. Il lavoro si snoda lungo due assi di indagine: uno teorico, per mettere a fuoco i contorni dell’oggetto di studio, e l’altro empirico, per fornire un quadro dei percorsi di knowledge management nelle organizzazioni
Knowing communities e gruppi di progetto
No full textThe notion of a ‘community-of-practice’ (CmP) has become a highly influential way of conceptualizing how decentralized sub-units or groups within firms or organizations operate. CmPs refer to ‘tightly knit’ groups that have been practising together long enough to develop into a cohesive community with relationships of mutuality and shared understandings. The CmP notion, however, does not fit squarely with how temporary organizations or project organizations operate. Typically these kinds of groups consist of diversely skilled individuals, most of whom have not met before, who have to solve a problem or carry out a pre-specified task within tightly set limits as to time and costs. As a result they tend to become less well-developed groups, operating on a minimal basis of shared knowledge and understandings. Such a group, I suggest, constitutes a ‘collectivity-of-practice’ (ClP). Mirroring the above distinctions, two ideal-type notions of epistemology are developed. The one inspired from the CmP literature is discussed in a ‘knowledge community’ terminology, whereas the one associated with ClPs is conceived of as a ‘knowledge collectivity’
Network governance innovations in the local transport industry: the role of public agencies
No full textPNP Symposium on Public Utilities: Organizational Change and New Governance Structures for sustainable developmen
Organizzazione e tecnologia Intranet. Teorie ed evidenze empiriche
No full textIl progetto di ricerca finalizzato alla redazione di questo lavoro si è sostanziato nel tentativo di analizzare alcuni effetti peculiari di una particolare tecnologia ICT, la rete Intranet, sulle organizzazioni aziendali. La pervasiva diffusione del web quale ambiente unificante dei sistemi informativi ha favorito, negli ultimi anni, l’espansione ed il crescente utilizzo delle reti Intranet nelle organizzazioni. La loro diffusione si è verificata a partire dalla seconda metà degli anni ’90 per un insieme di cause concomitanti, tra cui la crescente popolarità delle applicazioni nformatiche che adoperano interfacce grafiche accessibili tramite i web browser, la necessità di un ambiente unico che omogeneizzasse la pluralità di sistemi informativi spesso diffusi nelle organizzazioni, e i costi apparentemente contenuti che tali soluzioni prospettano, almeno in una fase iniziale. Si è così scelto di verificare quale significato assuma in una concreta realtà aziendale la rete Intranet e come si sia concretizzata soprattutto in termini di tecnologie utilizzate e di conseguenze di natura organizzativa
Knowing communities in project driven organizations.Analyzing the strategic impact of socially constructed HRM practices
No full textProject-based organizations in the ICT domain face substantial obstacles in harnessing knowledge and in the exploitation of previously learned lessons, due to the idiosyncratic and temporally limited nature of project tasks. Learning across projects and project phases therefore has become a majorissue. In this scenario project management has been identified as something inherently dealing with knowledge mechanisms, that require relevant HRM strategies in order to get activated.By using a social-construction approach, the paper proposes some reflections about the relationship between HRM practices and knowing communities in project driven organizations.Four short case studies from the ICT industry are presented.The cases highlight that the impact of HRM practices on nowledge creation is conditioned both by a persistent influence of vertical structures, and by historical paths of careers in technologymanagement positions, that tend to detach technological culture from HRM. Only in the cases in which the overall strategy is oriented to get R&D managers closer to the market (and vice versa to deeply involve marketing managers in R&D activities), knowing communities appear to be able to share values, languages, and tools. From a managerial point of view, it is argued that, although literature tends to reaffirm the need forevolving HRM departments from administrative to strategic partner role, in many ICT firms the dominance of a technologically oriented culture still pushes HRM professionals owards a role of specialized staff service providers and prevents effective knowing communities from taking place. The challenge for HRM professionals within those organizations would then be not only to assume a broader concept of HRM function, but also to play a knowing oriented role fostering knowledge creation
The Social Study of ICT: current status and challenges
No full textFrom the technical/rational perspectives towards a notion of enacted technology Information systems comprise the situated interaction of ICTs and human actors Situated action – always in context: a) performing historically developed roles by following routines, techniques, and rules b) reflective practices by calculated decisions, or sense making c) improvising action to cope with the unexpected Even when such studies feature as case studies, emphasis tends to be given to perfecting theory rather than contributing substantive knowledge regarding the unfolding phenomena of ICT-mediated organizational and social chang
The organisational consequences of Intranet adoption: insights from a case study
No full textIn recent years many organisations have embraced large scale Intranet implementation projects, for a variety of purposes. Unlike many other IT applications, Intranets may be implemented both centrally (through the main organisation web-site) and locally (fostering the creation of various sites within units or branches, once the concept of local posting of documents or web-editing becomes a widely common practice). When contrasting decisions are taken on central/local scale, the implementation finds obstacles in the different views and interests that individuals may bring into the process, unless the management is able to prevent them to diverge. Moreover, Intranets have the potential of evolving in sophistication during their implementation, as features may be added gradually, on top of the previous ones.My research wishes to analyse the organisational consequences due to the adoption of Intranet as a technology supporting the daily working operations in a service and consulting firm
Designing multi-project organizations: future research directions
No full textIt is a fact that in recent years more and more organizations have been managed through projects. Back in 1995, Midler claimed that ‘‘Nowadays, it is hard to imagine an organization that is not engaged in some kind of project activity. Over the past decade, organizations have been turning from operations to project management as part of their competitive advantage strategy''. It is not surprisingly then that organizational researchers have been devoting growing attention to this phenomenon, previously studied mainly with a practical tool-oriented mind frame. Theoretical reflections have hence begun to be abundant, and also their limitations in terms of actual understanding of the underlying organizational phenomena were put forward and discussed. In the wide debate, propelled by scholars endowed with heterogeneous background disciplines, few contributions have addressed the peculiarities, in terms of organizational design, of multi-project organizations. Such organizations rely on a set of many projects at one time, in which resources are allocated among projects. In these settings, considering each project in isolation could be misleading. In fact, research has been dominated by a reductionist perspective, whose major concern relied in structures and dynamics of individual projects, discussed mainly from project manager's perspective. Relationships with internal organizational context has been neglected for long. This talk will focus on organizational design issues of multi-project organizations, identifying in particular future research directions on how organizational control mechanisms are deployed and with the implications of different choices of such control mechanisms
Knowledge strategies and human resources management in the industry of TEchnical CONsultancy PROjects
No full textThis proposal centers on establishing a research program focusing on the organization of human resources
in engineering-intensive industries where projects assisted by technical consultants constitute paramount
units of production (Hobday, 2000). The overall objective is to improve the understanding of the industry for
technical consultants, the role of the firm in this industry, particularly with regards to the management of
human resources and the knowledge processes involved
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