1,721,463 research outputs found
Prevention of bacterial and mycotic infections in patients with hematological malignancies
No full textInfections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among immune-compromised patients. The author discusses bacterial and mycotic infection prophylaxis in granulocytopenic patients with hematologic malignancies. Various strategies have been devised to prevent such infections including: combination oral antibacterial and antifungal prophylaxis with quinolones and newer azoles (fluconazole, itraconazole), high efficiency air filtration, protective isolation, and central venous catheter management. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms continues to pose a major challenge to the successful eradication and prevention of infections in neutropenic hosts, and thus demands the development of innovative antibiotic approaches and infection control procedures
Leukaemic infiltration of the retina at onset of Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia revealed by stratus optical coherence tomography
No full textExtramedullary progression of multiple myeloma under thalidomide therapy despite concomitant response of medullary disease”
No full textPlasma cell leukemia occuring in a patient with thrombocythemia treated with hyroxyurea and busulphan
No full textPlasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare aggressive lymphoproliferative disease with a short median survival and a very poor prognosis. We report the case of a 63-year-old man who developed a PCL after 5 years of chemotherapy with hydroxyurea and busulphan for Essential thrombocythemia (ET). The karyotype showed a deletion of chromosome 7 and the plasma cells cytofluorimetric examination revealed a high expression of Multidrug Resistance related P-glycoprotein (PGP). After the second cycle of VAD chemotherapy the patient had a severe pneumonia and died with refractory PCL. This is a rare example of the coexistence of a chronic myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative diseases in the same patient, and to the best of our knowledge, the first reported in the literature involving PCL and ET. Moreover, this case shows the possibility of secondary malignancies developing in patients treated with busulphan and hydroxyurea for chronic myeloproliferative disorders. © 2004 Taylor & Francis Ltd
Plasma cell leukemia occurring in a patient with thrombocythemia treated with hydroxyurea and busulphan
No full textPrevention of bacterial and mycotic infections in patients with hematological malignancies
No full textInfections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients. This report discusses bacterial and mycotic infections prophylaxis in the granulocytopenic patients with hematologic malignances. Various strategies have been derised to prevent the infections: a combination of oral antibacterial and antifungal prophylaxis with quinolones and newer azoles (fluconazole, itraconazole), high efficiency particulate air filtration, protective isolation and management of central venous catheter. However, the emergence of antibiotic resistant organism continues to pose a major challenge to the successful eradication and prevention of infections in neutropenic host, and demands the developement of innovative approaches to antibiotic use and infection control procedures
[Prevention of bacterial and fungal infections in neutropenic patients with malignant hematologic diseases]
No full textInfections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients. This report discusses bacterial and mycotic infections prophylaxis in the granulocytopenic patients with hematologic malignancies. Various strategies have been derived to prevent the infections: a combination of oral antibacterial and antifungal prophylaxis with quinolones and newer azoles (fluconazole, itraconazole), high efficiency particulate air filtration, protective isolation and management of central venous catheter. However, the emergence of antibiotic resistant organism continues to pose a major challenge to the successful eradication and prevention of infections in neutropenic host, and demands the development of innovative approaches to antibiotic use and infection control procedures
Safety of nelarabine in adults with relapsed or refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
No full textIntroduction: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and lymphoma (T-LBL) are aggressive hematological malignancies accounting for 15–20% of adult acute lymphoproliferative diseases. Treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) T-ALL/T-LBL is challenging with very few therapeutic options. Areas covered: This report provides a concise review on the efficacy and safety of nelarabine monotherapy in adults with R/R T-ALL and T-LBL. Expert opinion: Nelarabine is approved for the treatment of adults with R/R T-ALL/T-LBL in the setting of third or more line of therapy. Hematological and neurological toxicities are the most frequent adverse events. Grade 3 and 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia are common, however with treatment-related deaths accounting only for 1–2% of patients. Neurological toxicity is typically characterized by a reversible peripheral neuropathy, usually mild or moderate and without treatment delay. Other neurological (somnolence and depressed level of consciousness) or extra-neurological adverse events are uncommon and rarely severe. In conclusion, nelarabine is a well tolerated and effective salvage therapy in patients with R/R T-ALL/T-LBL and has acquired an important role as a bridge-therapy to allogeneic stem cell transplantation
GEMTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN COMBINED WITH INDUCTION CHEMOTHERAPY IN YOUNG ADULTS WITH ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA: REVIEW AND PERSPECTIVES.
Full text linkProgress in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is slow. Many new
agents have been tested, but few were approved. Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin (GO) is a new AML-targeted drug that is composed by a monoclonal antibody targeting a surface antigen of myeloid leukemic cells (CD33) combined with a potent cytotoxic (calicheamicin). We review here the studies of GO in AML,
including an update of the Italian studies, and we trace back the story of a drug that was developed 15 years ago and, regrettably, is no longer available for
the treatment of AML, with the exception of Japan. GO was approved by the US FDA for the second-line treatment of AML in the elderly, and was shown by
several European large prospective and randomized studies to be active also in first line, both alone, but particularly in combination with standard chemotherapy.
Regrettably, a registration study that was performed in US could not confirm the superiority of GO and chemotherapy on chemotherapy alone, and the drug
was withdrawn. The differences among the US and the European studies are discussed. The profile of the AML patients who are expected to benefit more by the reintroduction of GO is proposed: first-line, less than 60 years old, CD33 expressed in more than 20% leukemic cells, low/intermediate cytogenetic risk, and low expression of the PGP multidrug resistance protein
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