205,558 research outputs found
The colonial development of concentration camps (1868–1902)
Get PDFThe forced labour and extermination camps established in Europe during the Second World War gave the meaning to the term 'concentration camp' which it has for the general public today. But the practice of concentrating civilians in guarded camps or centres, specifically as part of a counter-guerrilla military strategy during wartime, long predated and outlasted the Second World War. In the light of fresh research, this article looks comparatively at the function of the camps in three different colonial arenas between 1868 and 1902. It emphasises the different purposes between these exercises in civilian concentration and the 'camp culture' of the Nazi era in Europe and challenges the linkage between the two asserted by Hannah Arendt half a century ago and by many others since
Protest camps: An emerging field of social movement research
Get PDFRecently protest camps have emerged around the world as a highly visible form of protest. Part and parcel of new social movement activism for over 40 years, they are important sites and catalysts for identity creation, expression, political contention and incubators for social change. While research has punctually addressed individual camps, there is lack of comparative and comprehensive research that links historic and contemporary protest camps as a unique area of interdisciplinary study. Research on the phenomenon to date has remained punctual and case based. This paper proposes to study protest camps as a distinct new field of research in social movement studies. Existing literature is critically reviewed and framed in three thematic clusters of spatiality, affect and autonomy. On the basis of this review the paper develops a research approach based on the analysis of infrastructures used to make protest camps. We contest that an infrastructural analysis highlights protest camps as a unique organizational form and transcends the limits of case-based research while respecting the varying contexts and trajectories of protest camps
Putting It into Practice: Using Feminist Fractured Foundationalism in Researching Children in the Concentration Camps of the South African War
Get PDFFeminist fractured foundationalism has been developed over a series of collaborative writings as a combined epistemology and methodology, although it has mainly been discussed in epistemological terms. It was operationalised as a methodology in a joint research project in South Africa concerned with investigating two important ways that the experiences of children in the South African War 1899-1902, in particular in the concentration camps established during its commando and 'scorched earth' phase, were represented contemporaneously: in the official records, and in photography. The details of the research and writing process involved are provided around discussion of the nine strategies that compose feminist fractured foundationalism and its strengths and limitations in methodological terms are reviewed.Feminist Fractured Foundationalism, Feminist Methodology, Feminist Epistemology, Feminist Sociology, South African War 1899-1902, Concentration Camps, Children, Retrievable Documents, Photographs
The Treatment of ‘Everyday Life' in Memory and Narrative of the Concentration Camps of the South African War, 1899-1902
No full textThis paper considers the idea of ‘everyday life’ in Boer women’s narratives of
the South African War concentration camps in three published collections of
camp testimonies. A striking feature of these collections is their absence of
memories about ordinary daily life in camp. The focus in women’s camp
narratives is largely on the brutal mistreatment of Boer women and children by
the British. This is part of a wider pattern evident in Boer women’s camp
accounts, which frequently testify to ‘identical’ incidents, share formulaic
narrative schemes and replicate stock phrases, thus exhibiting what Gillis has
called “memory work” (Gillis, 1994). The absence of the ‘everyday’ in camp
narratives is symptomatic of the close relationship many of these accounts had
with the growth of Afrikaner nationalism, particularly in the late 1930s
Sources and Perl scripts for the Poole-Camps-Cafiero Stemmatological Algorithm
No full text<p>This repository contains the original Perl scripts and datasets, that were<br>
used in the paper:</p>
<p>- Jean-Baptiste Camps & Florian Cafiero, ``Genealogical variant locations and simplified stemma: a test case'', in <em>Analysis of Ancient and Medieval Texts and Manuscripts: Digital Approaches</em>, ed. Tara Andrews & Caroline Macé, Turnhout, 2015 (Lectio, 1), p. 69‑93.</p>
<p>The scripts and data are offered in the state in which they were used for the original<br>
version of the paper. <strong>We do not advise use of these scripts, but encourage<br>
using the actualised version of the software, provided in the form of a package<br>
for the statistical software _R_, available on Github,</strong> http://github.com/Jean-Baptiste-Camps/stemmatology.</p>
<p>In this repository, you will find:</p>
<ul>
<li>the original version of the three scripts (root of the repository);</li>
<li>a folder for each of the data-sets (only Parzival and Fournival were actually used in the paper), containing
<ul>
<li>*.csv, the numeric encoded format, to use with the scripts;</li>
<li>*.ods, the spreadsheet in which variants were labelled and selected.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>The scripts implement a revised version of the algorithm that was invented by:</p>
<ul>
<li>Eric Poole, ``The Computer in Determining Stemmatic Relationships'', <em>Computers and the Humanities</em>, 8-4 (1974), p. 207‑16 ;</li>
<li>Eric Poole, ``L’analyse stemmatique des textes documentaires'', in <em>La pratique des ordinateurs dans la critique des textes</em>, Paris: CNRS Éditions, 1979, p. 151‑61 ;</li>
</ul>
<p>and then revised and extend by Camps & Cafiero 2015.</p>
<p>The script `EliminationdePoole` is for identifying conflicting Variant locations,<br>
while `AgregationdePoole` is to be used to group manuscripts, and `Reconstruction`<br>
to reconstruct the virtual model of a given group of manuscripts.</p>
<p>The two datasets that were used for the paper, Parzival and Fournival, come from,</p>
<ul>
<li>Parzival: M. Spencer et al., `Phylogenetics of artificial manuscripts', <em>Journal of theoretical biology</em>, 227-4 (2004), p. 503–511 ;</li>
<li>Fournival: Richard de Fournival, <em>Li bestiaires d’amours di maistre Richart de Fornival e li response du bestiaire</em>, ed. Cesare Segre, Naples, 1957.</li>
</ul>
<p>The other datasets are partial and in an unfinished state, they have their source in:</p>
<ul>
<li>Heinrichi: Roos, Teemu, and Heikkilä, Tuomas, ``Evaluating methods for computer-assisted stemmatology using artificial benchmark data sets'', <em>Literary and Linguistic Computing</em>, 24-4 (2009), p. 417–433.</li>
<li>Notre-Besoin: Baret, Philippe V., Robinson, P., and Macé, C., ``Testing methods on an artificially created textual tradition'', <em>Linguistica computazionale</em>, 24 (2004), p. 1000–1029.</li>
</ul>
<p>The fulls sources for most of these datasets can be obtained through the<br>
site of the 2007 CASC:</p>
<ul>
<li>Roos, Teemu, Heikkilä, Tuomas, and Myllymäki, Petri, <em>Computer-Assisted Stemmatology Challenge</em>, 2007, https://www.cs.helsinki.fi/u/ttonteri/casc/data.html.</li>
</ul>
Emotional and Cognitive Responses of Children Attending Summer Camps in Occupied Palestine: A Pilot Study
Get PDFBackground: The current study sought to address the lack of evaluation for summer camps which seek to offer emotional and cognitive support for children in occupied Palestine.Objective: To assess children’s emotional and cognitive response to summer camps, children who attended camps were compared to those who did not attend on a standardised measure of emotion and cognition within situations of adversity.Methods: A mixed methods quasi-experimental post-test only design was used.Children, aged 8-10 years, who attended a summer camp (n=62), were compared to those who had not attended a camp (n=22) on the Child Post-traumatic Cognitions Inventory and on a qualitative summer experience questionnaire. Camp workers (n= 16) also completed a summer experiences questionnaire for comparison of perceptions between workers and children. Statistical analysis involved t-test and ANOVA for within and between group differences and a six-step quasi-qualitative analysis was used to assess summer experience questionnaire responses.Results: Unexpectedly,children who had attended a summer camp presented higher levels of traumatic cognition; however, they also reported more hopefulness for the future than children who did not attend a camp. It is uncertain if camp attendees are a self-selecting group because of higher levels of traumatic exposure and/or cognitions or because summer camps may have unintended negative consequences.Conclusion: The current study, with its unexpected results, emphasises the importance of embedding evaluation into summer camp delivery. More robust experimental designs, however, are necessary in order to be confident that the outcomes are related to program rather than contextual factors. A range of potential summer camp and environmental influencing factors on outcomes were identified for future research
Presentation by M. Fingerhut B. Bauer and Y. Brukhi
No full textBrown paper; handpainted. Digitized posters are related to the activities of Jewish displaced persons drawn from the Records of Displaced Persons Camps and Centers in Germany (RG 294.2) Italy (RG 294.3) and Austria (RG 294.4) held by YIVO Archives. Please consult the historical note for those record groups for further information.Digital ImageDigital finding aid available
Concert of Representative Orchestra of Jewish Refugees conductor M. Hofmekler
No full textWhite paper; printed. Digitized posters are related to the activities of Jewish displaced persons drawn from the Records of Displaced Persons Camps and Centers in Germany (RG 294.2) Italy (RG 294.3) and Austria (RG 294.4) held by YIVO Archives. Please consult the historical note for those record groups for further information.Digital ImageDigital finding aid available
M. Euzennat, Le limes de Tingitane. La frontière méridionale
No full textCamps Gabriel. M. Euzennat, Le limes de Tingitane. La frontière méridionale. In: Revue du monde musulman et de la Méditerranée, n°68-69, 1993. Etats modernes, nationalismes et islamismes, sous la direction de Pierre Robert Baduel . pp. 289-290
Exhibition of Jewish artists E. Brzezinska Prof. M. Foiring L. Kreicer P. Schwartz H. Shilis
No full textWhite paper; printed. Digitized posters are related to the activities of Jewish displaced persons drawn from the Records of Displaced Persons Camps and Centers in Germany (RG 294.2) Italy (RG 294.3) and Austria (RG 294.4) held by YIVO Archives. Please consult the historical note for those record groups for further information.Digital ImageDigital finding aid available
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