1,720,967 research outputs found
La conservazione del numero secondo la teoria della catastrofe.
No full textScopo del lavoro è spiegare l'acquisizione della conservazione del numero mediante un modello a cuspide che unisca teoria della catastrofe e concetti teorici neopiagetiani. Attraverso un esperimento condotto su bambini dell'ultimo anno di scuola per l'infanzia e di prima elementare sono stati individuati 5 degli 8 indici necessari a evidenziare transizioni discontinue che avvalorano tale modello. Il parametro di controllo cognitivo più appropriato è l'indipendenza dal campo, mentre la variabile percettiva costituita dalla numerosità degli insiemi usati nel compito di conservazione ha un effetto sullo svolgimento della prova solamente nei bambini frequentanti la scuola per l'infanzia
Vocabulary learning in primary school children: Working memory and long-term memory components
No full textThe goal of this study was to investigate which working memory and long-term memory components predict vocabulary learning. We used a nonword learning paradigm in which 8- to 10-year-olds learned picture-nonword pairs. The nonwords varied in length (two vs. four syllables) and phonology (native sounding vs. including one Russian phoneme). Short, phonologically native nonwords were learned best, whereas learning long nonwords leveled off after a few presentation cycles. Linear structural equation analyses showed an influence of three constructs-phonological sensitivity, vocabulary knowledge, and central attentional resources (M capacity)-on nonword learning, but the extent of their contributions depended on specific characteristics of the nonwords to be learned. Phonological sensitivity predicted learning of all nonword types except short native nonwords, vocabulary predicted learning of only short native nonwords, and M capacity predicted learning of short nonwords but not long nonwords. The discussion considers three learning processes-effortful activation of phonological representations, lexical mediation, and passive associative learning-that use different cognitive resources and could be involved in learning different nonword types
Il lessico psicologico di soggetti autistici in situazione di comunicazione facilitata
No full textThis research is aimed at studying linguistic abilities in people with autism, by considering written texts produced by 3 autistic boys with the support of facilitated communication. The aim of the study is twofold: to analyse the linguistic and behavioural characteristics of FC of autistic subjects, also in order to bring a contribution to the debate on the authorship of facilitated production; to analyse frequency and different uses of lexicon referred to internal states in facilitated production .
The three boys maintain a high level of physical autonomy during all sessions.
Exclusive words, particularly the rare ones, testify the originality of subjects’ productions and the relative independency from interlocutors’ language, especially with the mothers.
All boys, with every facilitator, use internal state terms in a consistent way, with a particular presence of cognitive references. The suitable and mature usage of internal state references - often rare and exclusive - indicates some level of knowledge of mind and emotional states
The analysis of written communication between an autistic boy and his mother: a case study
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