1,721,082 research outputs found
Il controllo degli insetti fitofagi nell'olivicoltura biologica.
No full textPuntuali strategie di controllo, campionamenti personalizzati e maggiore consapevolezza entomologica, insita nell’approccio del coltivatore biologico, consentono ottimi risultati quali-quantitativi ed economici nella difesa fitosanitaria in olivicoltura “organica” e in qualsiasi area olivicola italiana. Le minori spese fitosanitarie rispetto all’olivicoltura convenzionale inducono un sempre maggior numero di produttori alla conversione verso il bio. Gli autori illustrano le metodologie ammesse e consigliabili in regime di agricoltura biologica, per il controllo dei principali insetti fitofagi del olivo nel Mediterraneo, con particolare riferimento alla mosca delle oilve, Bactrocera oleae, e alla tignola dell'olivo, Prays oleae.Timely control strategies, customized sampling on plant organs and greater entomological awareness, inherent in the approach of the organic grower, allow qualitative and quantitative results in organic olive growing, and in any Italian olive growing area. The smaller expenses of defense against pests than conventional olive growing induce an increasing number of producers to convert to the organic rules. The authors illustrate the permitted and recommended methods for organic farming regime for the control of major insect pests of the olive tree in the Mediterranean, with particular address to the oilve fly, Bactrocera oleae, and the olive moth, Prays oleae
FIGURES 18–27 in Description of Dryocosmus destefanii new species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from Quercus suber L. in Italy
No full textFIGURES 18–27. Dryocosmus destefanii new species, asexual female: 18, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view, 19, Magnification of the metascutellum and propodeum (postero-ventral view); 20, pronotum and propleuron, frontal view; 21, forewing; 22, metasoma (lateral view); 23, ventral spine of hypopygium, ventral view; 24, ventral spine of hypopygium, lateral view; 25, fore tarsus and protibial spur; 26, mid tarsus and mid tibial spur; 27, hind tarsus and hind tibial spur.Published as part of Cerasa, Giuliano, Verde, Gabriella Lo, Caleca, Virgilio, Massa, Bruno, Nicholls, James A. & Melika, George, 2018, Description of Dryocosmus destefanii new species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from Quercus suber L. in Italy, pp. 535-548 in Zootaxa 4370 (5) on page 541, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4370.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/114734
FIGURES 60–63 in Revision of Afrotropical Dyscritobaeus Perkins, 1910 (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)
No full textFIGURES 60–63. Dyscritobaeus antananarivensis Tortorici et Caleca sp. nov. Ƌ, holotype [BMNH (E)#971551]: 60—head, frontal view; 61—mandibles, ventral view; 62 –head, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral view; 63—head, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral view.Published as part of Tortorici, Francesco, Caleca, Virgilio, Noort, Simon Van & Masner, Lubomir, 2016, Revision of Afrotropical Dyscritobaeus Perkins, 1910 (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), pp. 1-59 in Zootaxa 4178 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4178.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/26163
Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) recorded in Italy and their known hosts.
No full textScelionidi (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) segnalati per l’Italia e loro ospiti noti.
Il seguente lavoro propone una revisione della checklist italiana della famiglia Scelionidae dopo quella proposta da Bin et al. (1995). Viene inoltre fornito l’elenco delle specie di ospiti di Insecta e Arachnida individuate nel lavoro di raccolta bibliografica. In totale sono riportati 38 generi di scelionidi per l’Italia con 181 specie di cui 58 riportano anche gli ospiti appartenenti
agli ordini: Insecta: Mantodea, Orthoptera, Embioptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Neuroptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera; Arachnida: Araneae Dysderiidae, Lycosidae. Grazie all'intenso lavoro di ricerca del professor Giovanni Mineo, recentemente scomparso, le specie registrate per la Sicilia sono aumentate da 56 a 99. La revisione e l’aggiornamento della checklist nasce dalla recente importanza assunta degli scelionidi nello studio di una possibile loro applicazione
nei programmi di controllo biologico contro eterotteri pentatomidi alloctoni e dall’arrivo in Europa di scelionidi alloctoni come Trissolcus japonicus e T. mitsukurii, candidati per il controllo biologico di Halyomorpha halys.A revised checklist of the Italian Scelionidae is provided. Data regarding host association of recorded species of this family of egg parasitoids of insects and spiders are provided. A total of 181 species in 38 genera have been recorded in Italy. The parasitized hosts are recorded for 58 of recorded species. These species parasitise eggs of different insect orders (Mantodea, Orthoptera, Embioptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Neuroptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera) and spiders (Araneae Dysderiidae, Lycosidae). Scelionidae are considered as effective biological control agents of insect pests, and many times were used in biological control programs. Very recently, two allochthonous scelionids Trissolcus japonicus and T. mitsukurii, candidates of introduction for biological control purposes, accidentally arrived into Europe and Italy and became established, thanks to the presence of their preferred allochthnous host Halyomorpha halys
FIGURES 10–17 in Description of Dryocosmus destefanii new species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from Quercus suber L. in Italy
No full textFIGURES 10–17. Dryocosmus destefanii new species, asexual female: 10, head (front view); 11, head (posterior view); 12, head (dorsal view); 13, head (lateral view); 14, Magnification of the lower face and malar space; 15, antenna; 16, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum (dorsal view); 17, mesosoma (lateral view).Published as part of Cerasa, Giuliano, Verde, Gabriella Lo, Caleca, Virgilio, Massa, Bruno, Nicholls, James A. & Melika, George, 2018, Description of Dryocosmus destefanii new species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) from Quercus suber L. in Italy, pp. 535-548 in Zootaxa 4370 (5) on page 540, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4370.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/114734
Dyscritobaeus comitans Tortorici, Caleca, Noort & Masner, 2016, sp. nov.
No full textcomitans -group This group includes species without a preoccipital lunula. In the Afrotropical region we recorded two species: Dyscritobaeus. comitans and D. ndokii Tortorici et Caleca sp. nov. Based on an analysis of the description and figures of Dyscritobaeus indicus (Mukerjee, 1994), in contrast to Mineo et al. (2010) and O’Connor & Ashe (2011), both of whom included this species in the orientalis -group, we consider it as belonging to the comitans -group, because of the clear absence of a preoccipital lunula. This species appears to be morphologically very similar to D. comitans, but unfortunately the holotype was not located in the collection of the Department of Zoology, Government Post-Graduate College, Rishikesh or in ZSI centre of Dehradun, India (K. Rajmohana, in litteris); the only difference with D. comitans is the absence of a specillum on T2. This feature was only recently observed and described (Mineo & Caleca 1992) and we suspect that, as previously happened for D. orientalis in Dodd’s original description (1915), the specillum was overlooked by the author and T2 was described as striate.Published as part of Tortorici, Francesco, Caleca, Virgilio, Noort, Simon Van & Masner, Lubomir, 2016, Revision of Afrotropical Dyscritobaeus Perkins, 1910 (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), pp. 1-59 in Zootaxa 4178 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4178.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/26163
Effectiveness of spinosad and mineral oil based commercial products on oviposition and egg hatching of grapholita funebrana treitschke
Full text linkLaboratory trials were performed to evaluate the action of spinosad and mineral oil on eggs of Grapholita funebrana Treitschke, the key pest in plum orchards. Fruits of cultivars Angeleno, President and Stanley were used in the trials. The first set of tests was carried out by introducing two mated females of G. funebrana into a cage together with fruits of a single cultivar. The second set of trials tested the three cultivars simultaneously. In all trials, one third of the fruits of each cultivar was treated with mineral oil, another third with spinosad and the final third was left untreated. Treatments were carried out before introducing mated females into the cages. The number of fruits with eggs, the number of eggs laid on each fruit and the number of hatched eggs were recorded. The number of eggs per fruit recorded in all trials was the same, indicating that plum moth females, after choosing the fruits for oviposition on the basis of the cultivar or the applied product, tend to use all suitable fruits in the same way. Oviposition in terms of number of fruits was significantly lower in mineral oil and spinosad treatments in all trials, compared to the control. Differences between the two products were found in trials carried out with Angeleno alone and with the three cultivars together. The percentage of egg hatching on the fruits was always significantly lower with spinosad treatment compared to the mineral-oil treatment and the control. In the trials carried out using the three cultivars, the number of infested fruits was significantly higher for Angeleno and no differences in the hatching percentages were found among the cultivars. The ovicidal and antiovideponent activities of commercial products containing mineral oils or spinosad could represent an interesting tool to reduce G. funebrana damage, both in organic and conventional plum orchards
FIGURES 17–26 in Description of the sexual generation of Dryocosmus destefanii (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) and disclosure of its life cycle
No full textFIGURES 17–26. Dryocosmus destefanii, sexual generation, female: 17, pronotum, (anterodorsal view); 18, mesosoma (lateroventral view); 19, posterodorsal view of mesosoma; 20, mesosoma (ventral view); 21, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view; 22, forewing; 23, metasoma (lateral view); 24, hindwing, the arrows show the infuscation on the anterior margin; 25, ventral spine of hypopygium (lateral view); 26, ventral spine of hypopygium, ventral view.Published as part of Cerasa, Giuliano, Verde, Gabriella Lo, Caleca, Virgilio, Massa, Bruno, Nicholls, James A. & Melika, George, 2020, Description of the sexual generation of Dryocosmus destefanii (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) and disclosure of its life cycle, pp. 359-374 in Zootaxa 4742 (2) on page 367, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4742.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/375487
Dyscritobaeus orientalis
No full textorientalis -group s.l. The following species belong to the orientalis- group s.s because they have a preoccipital lunula, characteristic of species of the orientalis -group s.l., and in females they share with D. orientalis the specillum on T2; the metascutellum is visible in dorsal view, triangular; and a large metanotal spine is present. Regarding the fore wing of D. orientalis, in Fig. 37 a we show the slide micrograph (taken by V. Caleca in 1989) of one of the two fore wings mounted on the original slide of the holotype of Mirotelenomus orientalis Dodd preserved at SAMA. Comparing this image to that shown by Mineo et al. (2009; pg. 174, fig. 5), the wing shape and the fringe are very different and it is clear that the latter specimen does not belong to D. orientalis.Published as part of Tortorici, Francesco, Caleca, Virgilio, Noort, Simon Van & Masner, Lubomir, 2016, Revision of Afrotropical Dyscritobaeus Perkins, 1910 (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), pp. 1-59 in Zootaxa 4178 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4178.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/26163
A review on introduced alien insect pests and their associated parasitoids on eucalyptus trees in Sicily
Full text linkA review is reported in the present paper on invasive alien insects introduced in Sicily on Eucalyptus trees, together with unpublished results from recent surveys. As to the latter ones, observations were conducted especially on Thaumastocoris peregrinus (Carpintero & Dellapé) (Hemiptera, Thaumastocoridae), the most recently introduced species. Overall, eight alien insect pests have been accidentally introduced in the island on Eucalyptus, belonging to the orders Hemiptera (Aphalaridae, 2 spp.; Thaumastocoridae, 1 sp.), Coleoptera (Cerambycidae, 2 spp.; Curculionidae, 1 sp.) and Hymenoptera (Eulophidae, 2 spp.). Two encyrtid parasitoids, Avetianella longoi Siscaro and Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek, obtained from Phoracantha spp. and Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore respectively, and Closterocerus chamaeleon (Girault) (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae) attacking Ophelimus maskelli (Ashmead), are also reported. Details on current distribution, host plants, morphological and biological remarks are given for each species
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