1,721,148 research outputs found
Understanding the EEC Mediterranean Policy: Trade, Security, Development and the Redrafting of Mediterranean Boundaries
No full textThis essai based on EU, Italian, French and British archival sources proposes a new reading of the origins and logics of EEC approach to the Mediterranean in the 1970s by 1. shedding light on the links between EEC policy and the regional and international events such as the 1967 Middle Eastern crisis, the rise of Soviet presence in the Mediterranean, the Lybian revolution, the energy issue 2. reevaluating Italian role as a promoter of EEC Mediterranean initiative, 3. and reinterpreting France's "leading role" 4. explaining the use of the "development language" to legitimize political-economic initiative in front of USA opposition. It further explains the decline of the EEC policy following UK admission, and the decline of the regional approach after the political events in Southern Europe, namely the return to democracy in Spain, Portugal and Greece produced a permanent redefinition of the Mediterranean boundaries
La Francia, gli Stati Uniti e il futuro dei protettorati sulla Tunisia e il Marocco (1945-1947): dal confronto alla collaborazione
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The Western European Union Armaments Pool: France's Quest for Security and European Integration in Transition, 1954-55
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Europe and the Mediterranean in the Long 1980s
Full text linkSeven articles dealing with Euro-Mediterranean relations and issue
A special relationship under strain: Turkey and the EEC 1963-1976
No full textAs a member of the Western security community through the OECE and NATO, Turkey became the second country to establish political links with the EEC signing an association treaty in 1963. Five years later its economy was still not in a position to deal with European competition and doubts about the viability of the association were widespread. Drawing on a wide variety of national (British, French, Italian) and EU archival resources according with the ‘supranational’ approach to European integration history, the article provides an account of how during the 1970s, under the effect of the international recession and of economic and social problems, the enlargement and deepening of European integration ruined Turkey's position as a privileged partner, in spite of the Protocol signed in 1970 opening the path to the future adhesion. The Nine balked at extending economic privileges and even stepped back from commitments already taken, showing contrasting national positions, that did not allow the Commission to play a leading role. Politics and economics clashed in the EEC-Turkey relationship and the Nine appeared to be increasingly unable to conceptualize the relationship in positive terms: as Turkey appeared to be politically unstable and its economic situation deteriorated, EEC economic resources were not used to assist a politically relevant partner. In the meantime, Greece’s return to democracy and application to join the Community, the launching of the Mediterranean policy due to protect European energy supplies and the attempt of the Community to play a role in the North-South dialogue left Turkey on the side. This article offers a documented account and historical explanation of a crucial evolution in a still opened and much debated EU external issue. It contributes to the understanding of a currently much studied period of EEC history, namely the 1970s. This article, first drafted as a contribution to a conference on The South-European crisis of the 1970s held at the University of Padua, is the logical continuation of the essay “Stratégie de développement, option identitaire: la Turquie et l'Europe occidentale, de l'aide multilatérale à l'association à la CEE”, in Marta Petricioli (ed.), Mediterranean Europe, L’Europe méditerranéenne (Peter Lang, 2008)
Italy’s foreign assistance policy 1959-1969
No full textIn a ground-breaking special issue of CEH on the origins of the aid policies of the West European countries edited by Heide-Irene Schmidt and Helge Pharo, this article examines how Italy volunteered in 1960 to be a donor country, up-down turning its post-war profile of an aid-receiving country to retain its position among the leading Western powers in a rapidly evolving international environment. It shows that implementing the new role was a difficult task for the Center-Left governments committed to domestic reforms and facing the first slow down of the ‘Miracolo’, so that the following years witnessed difficulties in develop the institutional and financial requirements of the role
Logica atlantica e logica coloniale: Washington, Parigi e i protettorati dell'Africa del Nord, 1950-1955
No full textL'aide au développement. Entre économie, culture et relations internationales
No full textL'articolo presenta una rassegna commentata dalla storiografia internazionale sull'aiuto allo sviluppo degli ultimi vent'anni e una sintesi sulla politica italiana di aiuto allo svilupp
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