29 research outputs found
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Compilation of existing chemical agent guidelines table as of September 1997
No full textPublic Law 99-145 requires the US Department of the Army to dispose of the lethal chemical agents and munitions stockpile stored at eight Army installations throughout the continental US and Johnston Atoll in the Pacific. Recognition by the US Army that a potential threat to the public from continued storage was greater than the threat from transportation and demilitarization of chemical agents gave rise to the Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program (CSEPP). CSEPP is a community emergency preparedness program complementing the Department of Defense`s initiative to destroy domestic stockpiles of aged chemical warfare agent munitions. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the US Army jointly coordinate and direct the CSEPP. The Compilation of Existing Chemical Agent Guidelines Table was developed under the direction of FEMA and the US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (USACHPPM). The purpose of this Table is to identify established chemical warfare agent guidelines, standards, and interim standards as of September 1997, and place them in an explanatory context for ready use by the CSEPP community. This Table summarizes and organizes information from numerous agencies and review bodies responsible for recommending exposure guidelines [e.g., The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Committee on Toxicology (COT), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), FEMA, Army and other federal agencies]. This Table provides references for the interested reader, but does not provide data and assumptions on which exposure guidelines were based, or comment on the rationale or appropriateness of the given values. To do so is beyond the scope of work for this task
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Session B3: Replacement Turbine Design for Improved Fish Passage at Ice Harbor
No full textPresenting Author Bio: Dr. Jason Foust is employed by Voith Hydro, Inc. in York, Pennsylvania. After completing his graduate studies in Experimental Fluid mechanics, he began working as a hydraulic engineer. Since that time, Dr. Foust has focused on design and testing for turbine rehabilitation projects. In addition to his design responsibilities, he has also been involved in the development of environmentally friendly hydro turbines in regard to turbine aeration and fish passage.Abstract: In the summer of 2014, an extensive hydraulic development was completed for replacement fixed and adjustable blade turbines for the US Army Corps of Engineers’ (USACE) Ice Harbor Lock and Dam. During the hydraulic design phase, fish passage considerations made up the primary evaluation criteria, including minimum pressures, shear, flow quality, and blade strike. Expected fish passage characteristics for each set of proposed geometries were evaluated using both Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) calculations and physical model testing. Turbine performance characteristics, such as power and efficiency, were also considered as secondary evaluation criteria. For both machine types, several design and test loops were completed. At the end of each iteration, the design team, consisting of engineers and biologists from the USACE, Voith Hydro, and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), evaluated the results and identified aspects of the fish passage environment that could be improved. As the design process neared completion, final improvements to the overall fish passage environment involved making compromises between the individual design criteria. The current paper presents computational and model test results to illustrate the detailed design and evaluation process, including the trade-offs that were made leading up to the selection of the final prototype fixed blade turbine geometry. Comparison of the fish passage evaluations for the fixed blade solution with those of the existing Ice Harbor Kaplan geometry shows significant potential for fish passage improvement
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A guide to the selection of personal protective equipment for use in responding to a release of chemical warfare agents
No full textRecognition by the US Army that a potential threat to the public from continued storage was potentially as great a threat as from transportation and the final demilitarization of chemical agents gave rise to the Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program (CSEPP). CSEPP is a civilian community emergency preparedness program complementing the Department of Defense`s initiative to destroy domestic stockpiles of aged chemical warface munitions. An incident involving chemical warfare agents requires a unique hazardous materials (HAZMAT) response. As with any HAZMAT event, federal regulations prescribe that responders must be protected from exposure to the chemical agents. But unlike other HAZMAT events, special considerations govern the selection of personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE includes all clothing, respirators and detection equipment used to respond to a chemical release. PPE can differ depending on whether responders are military or civilian personnel. FEMA requested that ORNL create training materials for CSEPP participants. These training materials were to provide information on a variety of topics and answer questions that a typical CSEPP participant might ask, including the following: how did the Army select the CSEPP recommended ensemble (i.e., protective clothing, respiratory equipment, and detection equipment); how does the CSEPP participant know this ensemble is the right PPE for chemical warfare agents and will actually protect him; what are the concept of operations and work rules? Does one need to know what the CSEPP concept of operations and work rules include? This report describes the training document ORNL created
How Do I Know? A Guide to the Selection of Personal Protective Equipment for Use in Responding to A Release of Chemical Warfare Agents
No full textAn incident involving chemical warfare agents requires a unique hazardous materials (HAZMAT) response. As with an HAZMAT event, federal regulations prescribe that responders must be protected from exposure to the chemical agents. But unlike other HAZMAT events, special considerations govern selection of personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE includes all clothing, respirators and monitoring devices used to respond to a chemical release. PPE can differ depending on whether responders are military or civilian personnel
Development of incorporating cast pieces in the production of sculpture
No full textThe author\u27s main goal is to incorporate small, cast metal pieces, with much detail, to larger, welded sculptural forms. With this goal in mind, the writer hopes to encourage the close visual inspection of sculpture. Intensive historical research was done to trace the evolutionary steps of cast sculpture. The following methods of casting are discussed in this paper: cire perdue(lost wax), sand casting, cuttle-fish, gravity, centrifugal, and various methods and types of investments and investing. Results of early personal investigation in simple casting methods and sand and gravity investment molds are also discussed. The major portion of the text concerns itself with the development of two pieces of sculpture, Man in Forest and Pre-Family Group. Combining the information gained from the historical research with suggestions from professionals in the field, the author then discusses his casting procedures. The processes are graphically illustrated by detailed photographs. Presented are illustrations from the making of molds, the pouring of metals, down to the incorporation of the final cast pieces into other sculptural forms. Difficulty and ease of handling differing molten metals is also discussed. The problem of developing molds, fluxing agents, and joining are described. The need for and the designing of special tools is also covered. The author describes his apparent successes and failures. The final results of his experiments have been submitted to professional critics through photographs and direct viewing. Statements from them are included
Bioengineering study of basic physical measurements related to susceptibility to cervical hyperextension-hyperflexion injury. Final report
No full textNotes: Report covers the period 15 Jan 1972 to 15 Sept 1973Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Washington, D.C.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/1231/2/33210.0001.001.pd
Study of impact tolerance through free-fall investigations. Final report
No full textNotes: Report covers the period 15 May 1975 - 15 Dec 1977Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Washington, D.C.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/725/2/39604.0001.001.pd
Bioengineering study of basic physical measurements related to susceptibility to cervical hyperextension-hyperflexion injury. Second quarterly technical report
No full textInsurance Institute for Highway Safety, Washington, D.C.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/1425/2/29505a02.0001.001.pd
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The Argei: Sex, War, and Crucifixion in Rome and the Ancient Near East
No full textThe purpose of the Roman Argei ceremony, during which the Vestal Virgins harvested made and paraded rush puppets only to throw them into the Tiber, is widely debated. Modern historians supply three main reasons for the purpose of the Argei: an agrarian act, a scapegoat, and finally as an offering averting deceased spirits or Lares. I suggest that the ceremony also related to war and the spectacle of displaying war casualties. I compare the ancient Near East and Rome and connect the element of war and husbandry and claim that the Argei paralleled the sacred marriage. in addition to an agricultural and purification rite, these rituals may have served as sympathetic magic for pre- and inter-war periods. As of yet, no author has proposed the Argei as a ceremony related to war. By looking at the Argei holistically I open the door for a new direction of inquiry on the Argei ceremony, fertility cults in the Near East and in Rome, and on the execution of war criminals.The Argei and new year’s sacred marriage both occurred during the initiation of campaign and spring planting and harvest season. Both in the ancient Near East and in Rome, animal victims were sacrificed and displayed through impaling, crucifixion, and hanging for fertility and in war. for both Rome and the Near East war casualties were displayed on sacred trees. Through the Near East cultures a strong correlation existed between impaling, hanging, and crucifixion in war and Sacred Tree fertility worship. By examining Roman tree worship, military rituals, and agricultural ceremonies a similar correlation becomes apparent. on the same day of the Argei, Mars was married to the anthropomorphized new year and within the month became a scapegoat expelled from the city. Additionally, on the first day of the Argei boys became soldiers
THE USE OF TOOTH PIT AND TOOTH/JAW MEASUREMENTS TO IDENTIFY CARNIVORE TAXA RESPONSIBLE FOR DAMAGE ON SCAVENGED BONE
No full textForensic anthropologists are often asked to analyze and interpret human remains that have been modified or damaged by predators and/or scavengers (White 2000; James et al. 2005; Dupras et al. 2006). The goal of this study is to determine whether it is possible to distinguish carnivore tooth mark characteristics from other carnivore tooth mark characteristics through two separate analyses: first by examination of tooth pitting and second from carnivore tooth and jaw measurements. This is accomplished by visual analysis and measurements of tooth pits left on faunal bones processed by an experimental wolf group as well as carnivore tooth and jaw measurements from a study done by Murmann et al. (2006) and measurements done by the author from samples located in the Philip L. Wright Zoological Museum. In the first analysis, independent t-tests demonstrate that pit lengths found on long bone epiphyses that are less than 4mm are likely to be made by carnivores the same size or smaller than a jackal. If pit lengths found on long bone epiphyses are between 4mm and 6mm, they are likely to have been made by carnivores roughly the same size as baboons, bears, dogs, and wolves and if the pit lengths found on long bone epiphyses measure greater than 6mm, they are likely made by carnivores about the same size as hyenas and lions. Pit breadths between 2mm and 4mm found on long bone epiphyses are associated with carnivores in the size bracket of baboons, jackals, bears and dogs. Pit breadths larger than 4mm found on long bone epiphyses are associated with larger carnivores such as hyenas, lions and wolves. The second analysis, a discriminant function analysis using tooth and jaw measurements distinguishes carnivore tooth mark characteristics from other carnivore tooth mark characteristics left on scavenged remains through the use of the Murmann et al. (2006) measurements with an accuracy of between 75.5% based on “leave one out” cross-validation and 78.3% based on the accuracy of classification of a test sample
