626 research outputs found

    The first letter of Peter: a global commentary

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    1 Peter is a significant letter, seen by many scholars to be an ecumenical bridge and anchor. It is first and foremost about the transformative joy of faith in Jesus Christ. This commentary offers a close reading of the text from beginning to end, drawing on a multiplicity of voices and engaging in a number of foundational themes for the Christian community according to the apostolic author: hope, holiness, suffering, joy, witness, hospitality, exile, resurrection, leadership. Tackling the themes raised by the epistle including slavery, exile and refugees, patriarchy, hierarchy, oppression, gender justice, and the risk of hospitality, the book engages with these topics not only through commentary, but also through short excursuses which draw the reader more deeply into some of the difficult questions. Designed as the official commentary resource for the Lambeth 2020 Conference, and structured around the themes of the conference, the book offers a unique range of perspectives on an oft-overlooked epistle. With contributions from an impressive range of contributors including Paula Gooder, Paul Swarup, Emma Ineson, Craig Keener and Kwok Pui Lan, it will provide an important resource for anyone studying, teaching, or preaching from the letter

    Analysis of functional genetic polymorphisms in prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes : mucin 1 and growth hormone receptor

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    Prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes are complex diseases, the genetic and environmental basis of which are not well established. Epidimiology suggests a link between the two diseases, with type 2 diabetes redusing the risk of prostate cancer, and faily history of prostate cancer reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Common genetic variations are believed to influence risk of both diseases, with very little overlap between the genes implicated.Metabolism may be a link between the two diseases: diabetes is characterised by abberant utilization and storage of dietary energy, where as prostate cancer has a high demand for energy input. It is plausible that genes and thier variants which alter metabolic homeostasis influence risk of both diseases in the opposite directions.In order to investigate whether this hypothesis is correct, we investigated common genetic variation of two genes, GHR and MUC1, in prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes. Bothe genes have previously been implicated in prostate cancer, with some evidence suggesting a role for MUC1 as a biomarker for prostate cancer. The GH-IGF-I-Insulin axis is key to metabolism, thus is likely ot be important in diabetes. The suggestion of a role for MUC1 in type 2 diabetes is a novel.A number of MUC1 isoforms, some of which have been implicated in various cancers, are determined by a SNP in exon 2. Functional differences between the variants are as yet unknown. A polymorphism in the GHR where by exon 3 is excluded is believed to have increased bioactivity compared to the full length form, although this is much debated.In this thesis we demonstrated that the GHR exon 3 polyorphism reduces risk of type 2 diabetes, and is associated with increased BMI, CRP and IGF-I levels in diabetic subjects.The variant allele of MUC1 was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and lower IGF-I levels. Subjects homozygous for the variant allele had increased LDL and CRP levelsIn conclusion, these genetic variations of GHR and MUC1 have potential as biomarkers for type 2 diabetes, and its complications. Genetic variation of MUC1 in blood DNA samples does not influence prostate cancer risk or survival, however tumour-specific genetic alterations may be important. Sequence analysis indicates that MUC1 isoforms may have distinct differences.List of scientific papersI. Strawbridge RJ, Kärvestedt L, Li C, Efendic S, Ostenson CG, Gu HF, Brismar K (2007). GHR exon 3 polymorphism: association with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic disorder. Growth Horm IGF Res. 17(5): 392-8. Epub 2007 May 29 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17537658II. Strawbridge RJ, Nister M, Brismar K, Grönberg H, Li C (2008). MUC1 as a putative prognostic marker for prostate cancer. Biomarker Insights. 3: 303-315.III. Strawbridge RJ, Nister M, Brismar K, Li C, Lindström S (2008). Influence of MUC1 genetic variation on prostate cancer risk and survival. Eur J Hum Genet. Jul 16: Epub ahead of print https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18628787IV. Strawbridge RJ, Kärvestedt L, Gu HF, Nister M, Li C, Brismar K (2008). A MUC1 SNP (rs4072037) influences risk and metabolic parameters of type 2 diabetes. [Submitted]</p

    Discrimination against Minorities

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    The following is a transcript of a 2018 Federalist Society panel entitled Discrimination Against Minorities. The panel originally occurred on November 16, 2018, during the National Lawyers Convention in Washington, D.C. The panelists were: Andrew Koppelman, John Paul Stevens Professor of Law, Northwestern University School of Law; Dr. Althea Nagai, Research Fellow, Center for Equal Opportunity; Patrick Strawbridge, Partner, Consovoy McCarthy Park, PLLC; and John Yoo, Professor of Law, University of California, Berkeley. The moderator was the Honorable James C. Ho of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit

    Tracking and Surface Discharge at the Oil-Pressboard Interface

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    A different approach to the study of surface tracking reveals a new view of the oil-pressboard interface and suggests a link between the electric double layer and the boundary layer

    You and I : living and learning. Distance education. Off-campus credit course program. Program 01

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    Host Craig McNamara speaks with instructors Carole Peterson and Jack Strawbridge who contrast television teaching with classroom teaching. Then D.B. Starcher and A.H. Roberts discuss the off-campus program of Memorial University and its use of video and television, as well as teleconferencing. Starcher provides some history of the program and speculates on the future of the impact of television in education and more generally. Roberts, Dean of Part-Time Studies, describes the current directions of the program

    Liberated by the spirit from the law of sin and death: pre-Nicene Christian writers on νόμος ‘law’ in Romans 7:21–8:2: Pre-Nicene Christian Writers on νόμος ‘Law’ in Romans 7:21–8:2

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    This dissertation is a study of the reception history of selected verses from Romans 7:21–8:2 in the first three centuries of the Common Era, up to and including Origen. The large range of interpretations of Romans 7:21–8:2 and its νόμος ‘law’ phrases in today’s scholarship has led to division among Pauline scholars. As yet, no comprehensive study on the interpretation of Rom. 7:21–8:2 by the early church has been undertaken and deployed in the study of this passage. This dissertation fills this lacuna by investigating four of the most pressing questions that continue to divide today’s Pauline scholars through the lens of the early writers: (1) whether the text should be understood as autobiographical (who is the ‘I’ of Rom. 7:21–8:2, and more broadly, 7:14–8:2?), (2) the meaning of νόμος in the νόμος phrases in Rom. 7:21–8:2, (3) the manner in which the νόμος phrases work on human beings, whether they are internal or external to the human being, and (4) to what extent did Greco-Roman thought impacted the early Christian understanding of this passage. The authors studied in this dissertation are Tertullian, Theodotus the Valentinian, Clement of Alexandria, and Origen. There are three primary reasons that Origen was chosen as the end terminus. Firstly, the proximity of Origen and those who wrote before him to the language and culture of Paul would have given them a privileged access to Paul’s world. Secondly, Origen, the latest of these authors, was the first extant Christian author to write biblical commentaries, and especially a commentary on Romans. Therefore, the dissertation examines the earliest readings of these verses before the authors’ interpretations were coloured by myriads of biblical commentaries. And thirdly, these authors wrote before the Roman Empire officially embraced Christianity (325 CE), and thus before there was a stricter oversight of theological works; these authors would have been less constrained by authority when they wrote. These criteria helpfully limit the number of authors studied because the extant references to and comments on Rom. 7:21–8:2 significantly increases from the fourth century onwards, which would have made it unmanageable for a dissertation. This dissertation argues that the early writers were primarily preoccupied with promoting self-mastery (a virtuous life) and keeping the vices at bay when they made use of Rom. 7:21–8:2. It further argues that the authors were primarily interested in the struggle or combat between that which is worldly and that which is otherworldly as depicted in Rom. 7:23, the verse that was by far the most popular and most referred to by the four authors. Furthermore, although the four authors interpreted the νόμος phrases in similar ways, not one author understood every νόμος phrase in the same way as another author. In stark contrast to contemporary scholarship of Rom. 7:21–8:2, the dissertation demonstrates that not a single early author understood any of the occurrences of νόμος to refer to ‘the Law of Moses’ (the Torah). Still further, the earliest readers of Rom. 7:21–8:2 approached the text with predominantly Greek philosophical categories and these early authors––apart from Origen, who addressed nearly all of the questions that contemporary scholars raise––had no problems with this passage (none but Origen raised any concerns about any of the verses in their extant writings), including the identity of the ‘I’. Moreover, only Tertullian and Origen explicitly mentioned external forces as connected to ‘the law of sin’, whereas Theodotus and Clement do so too, although not when they addressed Rom. 7:21–8:2. Finally, all authors understood the ‘I’ to be applicable to Paul and to the audience of the writers, who were presumably fellow Christians, but possibly all people. The dissertation contributes to today’s scholarship by presenting for the first time a comprehensive study of the earliest extant readers of Rom. 7:21–8:2. The findings will enrich contemporary scholars’ readings of Rom. 7:23–8:2 and will shift the concerns and focus that scholars have concerning this passage, such as putting too much emphasis on the identity of the ‘I’ or reading all or most occurrences of νόμος ‘law’ as referring to the Law of Moses. The dissertation further contributes to scholarship by demonstrating that the primary use this passage had for the early authors was as a proof text for arguments concerning the interior struggle that every human feels when faces with the choice to embrace either worldly things or heavenly things, or in arguments to show the struggle between that which is good in the person (the body, created good by God) and that which is evil in the person (sin, or sinful and disordered thoughts, created by the freedom of the will to choose evil). As such, these findings lend further support to certain ways of reading Romans 7–8 in contemporary scholarship. The methodology used in this dissertation closely follows that of Jennifer Strawbridge: for each early Christian author who made use of the passage, I present a thorough analysis of the context in which it occurs, the manner in which it is used, and the distribution of its use throughout different genres. Finally, the dissertation is structured around the four early Christian authors, with emphasis on their interpretations in the light of the four significant dividing questions mentioned above

    Developing a Body of Knowledge for the Management of Large-Scale International Science Projects

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    Large-scale International Science Projects (LISPs) are different from conventional projects for which the body of knowledge in project management has been developed. LISPS can be defined as those projects where two or more countries formally agree to cooperate toward the achievement of a scientific, research and development, or engineering goal. In general only projects exceeding $1 billion US are considered LISPs. Agreements among participants typically cover several years and work is accomplished in stages, characterized by formal agreements. In addition the partners contribute hardware components, funds and/or personnel to the project. This paper introduces a preliminary study that identifies how these projects differ from conventional projects, why conventional approaches may be inadequate, and how these differences might affect project management practices
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