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Chiroderma salvini Dobson 1878
No full textChiroderma salvini Dobson, 1878 Synonyms: Chiroderma salvini Dobson, 1878: 532; type locality “ Costa Rica.” Chiroderma salvini salvini: Handley, 1966: 297; name combination. Chiroderma salvini scopaeum Reid and Langtimm, 1993: 300; not Chiroderma salvini scopaeum Handley, 1966. Type Material. The type of C. salvini (BMNH 68.8.16.2), fixed by original designation, is a fluid-preserved adult male with skull removed and tongue still attached to the body. The anterior half of the pelage is more faded than the posterior half. Nevertheless, it is possible to note whitish hairs above the lips and below the eyes. A thin median dorsal stripe extends from the middle dorsum to the posterior extremity of the lower back (contra Dobson 1878: 532, who considered the stripe to be absent). The cranium and mandible are in good condition with all teeth present. Some parts of the basicranium, as well as a large part of the palate have attached soft tissue. The I1s have convergent tips that do not touch each other. The angular processes of the mandible are broken. The species was named after Osbert Salvin, a British zoologist who edited and organized, with Frederick Godman, the 40-volume “Biologia Centrali-Americana”. On the type specimen’s skull label, the locality is given as “ Costa Rica ”, and to the right it is handwritten “O. Salvin [c]”, suggesting that the collector would indeed be Salvin. However, this naturalist collected specimens exhaustively in Guatemala and bordering countries, such as Belize (Godman 1915; Papavero 1973). Enrique Arcé, a Guatemalan field worker trained by Salvin, collected most of the bird specimens from Costa Rica described by the British zoologist (Salvin 1864; Warren & Harrison 1971; Beolens et al. 2014). Therefore, we suggest that the type of C. salvini probably was collected by E. Arcé during his work in Costa Rica. In the volume on mammals of the “Biologia Centrali-Americana”, authored by E. Alston (except for a few pages in the Supplement, authored by O. Thomas) and published between 1879 and 1882 (Lyal 2011), there is a color plate of C. salvini depicting the species as lacking the medial dorsal stripe (Fig. 10), an error that probably originated from Dobson (1878) description. Dobson (1880), however, recorded the presence of the stripe in an additional specimen of C. salvini from Popayán, Colombia. Distribution and Habitat. Chiroderma salvini is in eastern and southern México from Veracruz southeastward through Central America (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica, and Panamá), into South America (northern and western Venezuela, western and northern Colombia, western Ecuador, eastern Perú in the Andean foothills, and western Bolivia; Fig. 11). The absence of records from Nicaragua may be a sampling artifact, possibly related to the fact that this country has lower mean elevations than the neighboring countries, and C. salvini is associated with montane forests. Records of C. salvini are from humid tropical forests, mainly sub-montane and montane. In Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras, the species also occurs in seasonally dry tropical forests. The distribution of C. salvini is associated with moderate to high elevations, with records in or close to the Sierra Madre Oriental in México, the cordilleras of Central America (e.g. Sierra Madre de Chiapas in Guatemala, Cordillera de Talamanca in Panamá and Costa Rica), and on both slopes of the Andean cordillera in South America (Fig. 11). Among the 39 specimen localities with precise coordinates, the mean elevation was 1,010 m above sea level (ranging from 73 m to 2,045 m), with 32 localities (82%) above 600 m and 20 (51%) above 1,000 m. In Panamá, C. salvini was more frequently captured between 600 and 1,500 m (Handley 1966b). In Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, Costa Rica, the species was recorded at 680 m (Timm et al. 1989). In Venezuela C. salvini was captured between 611 and 2,240 m, with 93% of the captures above 1,000 m (Handley 1976). In Parque Nacional de Manú, Peruvian Amazon, the species was documented between 450 and 1,920 m (Solari et al. 2006). In the Department of Tolima, Colombia, records of C. salvini are between 1,380 and 2,150 m (Bejarano-Bonilla et al. 2007; Galindo-Espinosa et al. 2010), and in the Department of Valle del Cauca, C. salvini was captured at elevations from 1,200 to 1,700 m (Mora-Beltrán & López-Arévalo 2018). Description and Comparisons. The dorsal pelage of C. salvini varies from pale brown to dark brown. Dorsal hairs are tricolored, with a narrow (approximately ¼ of hair length) dark brown base, a wide (approximately ½ of hair length) buff medial band, and a narrow terminal band approximating ¼ of hair length. Basal and terminal bands are usually the same color. Genal and interocular pairs of facial stripes are always present; conspicuous, wide, and brilliant-white. Interocular stripes are large, their widths varying between 1 and 4 mm, and entirely white. The median dorsal stripe is visible in most specimens, not detected in 2 of 174 specimens (1.1% of the sample): one from Venezuela (USNM 415233) had a faint suggestion of the stripe on the middle dorsum, and another from Honduras (TTU 12806) had no trace of a stripe. The spear of the noseleaf has a simple tip. The lateral margins of the horseshoe and the spear are whitish. The base and margins of the ear are yellowish. The dimensions of the cranium of C. salvini are similar to small C. doriae, large C. scopaeum, and large C. villosum (Tables 7 and 8). The braincase is globose, conspicuously standing out from the adjacent frontal and nasal regions. In dorsal view, the nasal notch extends posteriorly to the anterior margin of the orbits (Fig. 12). In lateral view, the anterior margin of the orbits is even with the distal margin of P4 and mesial margin of M1 (Fig. 13). A sagittal crest was present in 87.7% (186 of 212) of the specimens we examined. The sagittal crest was weakly developed in 22 (10.4%) specimens and not detected in four (1.8%). The posterior palatine process was absent in 77% of the sample (159 of 206 specimens), and was poorly developed when present. With cranium and mandible in occlusion, there is no frontal gap (as in C. improvisum and C. villosum; Fig. 14) but there is a small lateral gap, as in C. doriae, C. scopaeum, C. gorgasi and C. trinitatum (Fig. 9). The I1s converge medially in 97% of the specimens (200 of 206) and the tips may or may not be in contact. Six specimens (3%) have parallel I1 crowns that lack any contact. The P3 is oval in occlusal outline, differing from the antero-posteriorly compressed outline of P 3 in C. doriae. The P3 contacts C. but not P4. along = extends posterior to interorbital region; short = does not reach interorbital region or reaches only its anterior margin. bcaudal portion of hard palate. cgap delimited by I1, c, and i1,2, when skull and mandible are occluded. The lower canine is pointed and relatively tall, and the tip is approximately the same height as the coronoid process (as in C. villosum, but differing from C. doriae and C. scopaeum, in which the canines are clearly below the level of the coronoid; Fig. 13). The crown of p2 is low, approximately ¼ of the crown height of p4, longer mesiodistally than tall, and does not contact p4 (similar to the morphology of C. scopaeum and C. villosum). Compared with the allopatric C. doriae, C. salvini can be distinguished by its smaller size, globose braincase (less rounded in doriae), taller lower canines (lower canines in doriae are relatively shorter and below the level of the coronoid process), and smaller p2 (in doriae the p2 is approximately ⅔ of the height of p4). Where sympatric, C. salvini can be confused with C. scopaeum and C. villosum. Externally, C. salvini can be separated from C. villosum by, on average, a longer forearm (Tables 7 and 8); basal and apical bands of dorsal fur the same color (in villosum the base is usually darker than the tip); presence of wide and conspicuous facial stripes (narrow, faint, or absent in villosum), and a simple tip on the noseleaf spear with pale lateral margins (notched tip and noseleaf uniformly brown in villosum). Cranially, C. salvini differs from C. villosum by its relatively longer rostrum and shorter nasal notch (in villosum the notch is longer, ending near the level of the post-orbital constriction); smaller orbits (in villosum the anterior margin of the orbit is even with the P4); post-orbital processes less pointed than in villosum; posterior palatine process small or absent (in villosum process usually present and conspicuous), and absence of a frontal gap when cranium and lower jaw are in occlusion (Fig. 14). Compared with C. scopaeum, C. salvini is larger (Fig. 15, Tables 8 and 10) and externally it differs in pelage color, usually being darker than scopaeum. The skull of C. salvini is more robust, and the lambdoid-suture region of C. scopaeum is rounder, as can be seen in dorsal view (Fig. 12). The nasal notch of salvini is longer, usually reach- ing the interorbital region (Fig. 12). Lower canines are relatively taller and more pointed than in scopaeum, and the medial cingulum of the lower canines is not as well developed as in scopaeum (Fig. 13). Geographic Variation and Phylogeography. Phylogenetic analyses of 18 sequences did not recover any geographical structuring from Costa Rica to Bolivia (Fig. 16). Phenotypically, C. salvini is a relatively homogeneous species across its distribution. Subspecies. C. salvini is monotypic. Remarks. We found four published reports in which C. villosum from localities in Perú and Brazil were misidentified as C. salvini. The record of C. salvini for the Serra do Divisor, in the Peruvian Amazon (Medina et al. 2015), is here reidentified as C. villosum based on the reported forearm length (45.6 mm) and on a photograph of the specimen clearly showing a notched tip on the noseleaf and ears lacking pale margins (C. Medina in litt.). We also reanalyzed the specimens from Porto Velho, Rondônia, (MZUSP 35408) and Aricá, Mato Grosso, (MZUSP 6494) reported by Rocha et al. (2016), and confirmed that they have the diagnostic characters of C. villosum. Also, the record for the Cerrado of Tocantins (Maas et al. 2018) is recognized here as a C. villosum based on the measurements presented in the article and a photo of the skull (L.A.C. Gomes in litt.). Natural History. Four genera and five species of plants are documented in the diet of C. salvini in Colombia: Cecropia telealba (Urticaceae), Ficus insipida, F. cuatrecasana, Poulsenia armata (Moraceae), and Piper phytolaccifolium (Piperaceae) (Castaño et al. 2018). In Bolivia, one C. salvini was captured in a mist net set under a Ficus guaranitica (Aguirre 1994 apud Anderson 1997). In Veracruz, México, individuals were covered in pollen of Pachira aquatica (Malvaceae) (Hernández-Montero & Sosa 2016). In the Peruvian Amazon, Bravo et al. (2008, 2010) recorded C. salvini visting “collpas”, which are mineral licks containing clay-rich water that is ingested by the bats. Diurnal roosts used by C. salvini are unknown, but one animal was recorded flying through a lighted tunnel in a gold mine in Panamá and, in Venezuela specimens, have been captured inside houses (Goldman 1920; Handley 1976). The following ectoparasites have been recorded in C. salvini in Panamá: Amblyomma sp. n. (Ixodidae), Chirnyssoides caparti (Sarcoptidae), Periglischrus iheringi (Spinturnicidae), and Paratrichobius salvini (Streblidae) (Fairchild et al. 1966; Furman 1966; Wenzel et al. 1966; Lourenço et al. 2013). In Venezuela, Periglischrus iheringi and Trichobius persimilis (Streblidae) were collected in C. salvini (Herrin & Tipton 1975; Wenzel 1976), and in México the mites Parichoronyssus lopezi (Macronyssidae), Periglischrus iheringi, and Eudusbabekia vampyrops (Myiobiidae) were recorded on the species (Colín-Martínez et al. 2017). The reproductive pattern of C. salvini in Central America is best described as seasonal polyestry, with birth peaks occurring between March and April, and in August. Based on label information, pregnant females were recorded in Panamá in January (n=1), February (n=41), March (n=1), and June (n=1), while lactating individuals were recorded in March (n=5). In Guatemala, a pregnant C. salvini was recorded in January (Carter et al. 1966). In Honduras, pregnant or lactating C. salvini have been found in July and August (LaVal 1969). In South American populations, the scarcity of data does not permit generalizations. Based on the information we obtained from specimen labels, pregnant females have been recorded in Venezuela in July (n=2), August (n=1), and November (n=1), and in the Colombian Pacific there is a record for June (n=1). Based on literature records, pregnancies in Colombia are known for January, March, April, May, June, October, and December, and there are records of females that were both pregnant and lactating in March and April (Wilson 1979). In cis-Andean South America, two pregnant females were recorded from Perú, in August and September, and a lactating C. salvini was noted in October. Specimens Examined (N = 216): Bolivia: La Paz, Serrania Bellavista (AMNH 246625); Pando, Santa Rosa (AMNH 262537, 262538); Santa Cruz, 4.5 km N and 1.5 km E of Cerro Amboro (AMNH 261666); Santa Cruz, Estancia San Rafael de Amboro (AMNH 261667–261670). Colombia: Quindío, Vereda El Dorado (IAvH-M 7034), Vereda San Juan d’Carolina (IAvH-M 7036, 7039), Valle del Cauca, Pance (USNM 483743–483746), Río Zabaletas (USNM 483747–483762). Costa Rica: without precise locality (BMNH 68.8.16.2 [holotype of salvini]); Cartago, Angostura (USNM 12913/22849), Guanacaste, Rincón de La Vieja (USNM 565812); Heredia, Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo (USNM 562856); Puntarenas, Cañas Gordas (AMNH 142484). El Salvador: Santa Ana, Los Planes (TTU 62461, 62462). Guatemala: El Progreso, Rio Uyús (ROM 99703). Honduras: Francisco Morazán, 16 km by road N Tegucigalpa (TTU 12800 –12808), La Flor (AMNH 126210, 126211, 126244–126251, 126253, 126255–126264, 126446, 126448–126455), San Marcos (AMNH 123331), Olancho, 50.4 km by road NNE Juticalpa (TTU 12809). México: Veracruz, Las Minas (USNM 329445). Panamá: Bocas del Toro, Río Changena Camp (USNM 319415–319425, 319499, 319500), Rancho Mojica, Río Changena (USNM 319286), Chiriquí, Cuesta de Piedra (USNM 331684–331686), Darién, Cana (USNM 179718), Cerro Malí (USNM 338042, 338043), Cerro Pirre (LSUMZ 25468–25474), Cerro Tacarcuna (USNM 338044), Jaqué (USNM 362919), Tacarcuna Village Camp (USNM 209969, 305387, 309443–309445, 309906, 309908–309910, 309912–309942, 309946–309968, 309972– 309977), Panamá, Cerro Azul (USNM 305388, 323445–323447). Perú: Cajamarca, San Ignacio (MUSM 12637), Cusco, Consuelo (MUSM 19663–19665, 19667), Comunidad Nativa Tangoshiari (MUSM 13377), Ridge Camp (USNM 588032), Madre de Dios, Hacienda Amazonia (MUSM 9742, 9751), Quebrada Aguas Calientes (MUSM 16650), Pasco, Palmira (MUSM 10878–10880), Puno, Yanacocha (MUSM 34980), Tumbes, Quebrada Naranjos (MUSM 19177). Venezuela: Carabobo, La Copa (USNM 440740–440744), La Vega del Río Santo Domingo (USNM 440746), Distrito Federal, Los Venados (USNM 370526, 370527), Hotel Humboldt (USNM 370528, 370530–370532), Miranda, Guatopo Natural Park (USNM 387191), Monagas, Hacienda San Fernando (USNM 415233–415235), San Agustín (USNM 415236, 415237).Published as part of Garbino, Guilherme S. T., Lim, Burton K. & Tavares, Valéria Da C., 2020, Systematics of big-eyed bats, genus Chiroderma Peters, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4846 (1) on pages 20-28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4846.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/401749
L'Interazionismo Simbolico tra teoria, ricerca e intervento sociale
No full textL‟IS post- blumeriano a noi contemporaneo ci appare come una comunità di studiosi composi- ta, differenziata al suo interno sia in base al criterio di “adesione” alle sue premesse fondamentali (Maines, 2001), ma soprattutto in base alla estrema molteplicità dei campi di studio che vengono attraversati e alle innovazioni teoriche e metodologiche che sono state gradatamente introdotte e combinate con le elaborazioni più “classi- che”. C‟è un ulteriore punto che merita di essere segnalato e approfondito. L‟IS ha coltivato, fin dall‟inizio della sua formazione, una particolare attenzione alla circola- rità del rapporto tra teoria, ricerca e prassi di intervento sociale. L‟obiettivo di que- sto capitolo è, quindi, duplice: da una parte, quello di render conto dell‟estrema varietà dei campi di studio che sono frequentati dagli studiosi interazionisti ai giorni d‟oggi, in modo da evidenziare il contributo che questi studi possono portare all‟avanzamento delle conoscenze sociologiche; dall‟altra quello di analizzare e ri- valutare il contributo che il Pragmatismo e l‟Interazionismo Simbolico sono in grado di offrire al lavoro sociale (complessivamente inteso) in termini, ancora una volta, di riferimenti teorici, metodi di analisi e modalità di intervento sociale, o- rientato verso le persone-in-interazione e verso le interazioni-in-comunita
Incontro con l'Interazionismo Simbolico contemporaneo
No full textL‟obiettivo di questo capitolo è quello di favorire l‟incontro intellettuale e scientifico tra il lettore e l‟Interazionismo Simbolico come prospettiva sociologica. Alla base di questo incontro c‟è la constatazione che l‟Interazionismo Simbolico è conosciuto in Italia solo in minima parte, per ragioni che approfondiremo nelle pagine che seguono; gli studenti in sociologia, in psicologia sociale o in servizio sociale hanno avuto e in gran parte continuano ad avere una conoscenza piuttosto scarsa e limitata di questa prospettiva. Infatti, nei manuali introduttivi di Sociolo- gia generale o di Storia del pensiero sociologico essa è solo rapidamente tratteg- giata e limitatamente ai contributi di Herbert Blumer e George Herbert Mead (nei manuali più “specializzati”, si aggiungono Erving Goffman e Howard Becker), che potremmo definire sinteticamente esponenti della versione “classica” dell‟Interazionismo Simbolico (da ora, IS)1.
Questo capitolo sarà dedicato a tratteggiare una linea di continuità tra la ver- sione “classica” – la più conosciuta nel nostro Paese – e quella “contemporane- a”, i cui esponenti e i cui contributi teorici ed empirici sono poco noti, se non per un gruppo di cultori simpatetici rispetto alla prospettiva. In particolare, attraver- so una rapida esplorazione di autori e temi che oggi contribuiscono al consoli- damento e alla diffusione della prospettiva un po‟ in tutte le parti del mondo, le prossime pagine si pongono l‟obiettivo di favorire l‟avvicinamento delle giovani generazioni di studenti e studiosi all‟IS, ai suoi quadri concettuali e ai suoi stru- menti metodologici, in modo che se ne possa valutare l‟efficacia e l‟utilità all‟interno dei propri processi di ricerca e di studio – ma anche nelle attività di intervento sociale per coloro che, come gli assistenti sociali, i formatori, gli edu- catori, siano disponibili a prendere in considerazione, anche solo in parte, quei quadri e quegli strumenti all‟interno della propria attività professionale
Cyphomyrmex salvini Forel
No full textCyphomyrmex salvini Forel Cyphomyrmex rimosus subsp. salvini Forel, 1899:40; Wheeler, 1907: 724;.Weber, 1940:412; [[worker]], [[queen]], [[male]] Cyphomyrmex championi Forel, 1899:41;[[male]]. new synonymy. Cyphomyrmex acutus Weber, 1940:409; Cyphomyrmex salvini: Weber, 1958:261;. Kempf, 1966:190-2 [[worker]], [[queen]], [[male]] Cyphomyrmex salvini subsp. acutus: Weber, 1958:261; Kempf (1966) first expressed the view that C. championi was probably the male caste of C. salvini. W'e have examined the type of C. championi, in the BMNH, and it is inseparable from males collected from nests of C. salvini, thus confirming Kempf's assumption. This species has been previously reported from Panama and Costa Rica, including Isla de Cocos (Kempf 1966). We have seen numerous specimens from several Costa Rican localities. Two small series of specimens extend the range to guatemala: Mixco, no date (W.M. Mann; USNM); and colombia: Anchicaya, Municipio Buenaventura, c. 200 m elev., Dept. Valle, 17-19 June 1971 (W.L. Brown; MCZ), under rock in canyon, rain forest, ecuador: Rio Palenque (Univ. Miami Res. Sta.), 30 July 1978 (G.J. Umphrey; UMPH), nest in hollow 'bamboo' in forest.Published as part of Snelling, R. R. & Longino, J. T., 1992, Revisionary notes on the fungus-growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex, rimosus-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini)., pp. 479-494 in Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica: selected studies., Oxford :Oxford University Press on page 49
Falcidens ryokuyomaruae Saito & Salvini-Plawen 2014, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Falcidens ryokuyomaruae</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figures 6–7)</p> <i>Type locality</i> <p> Western Wakasa Bay, between Kanmuri-jima Island and Kyogasaki point, Tango Peninsula, southern Sea of Japan, 35°44.97 <i>′</i> N, 135°22.40 <i>′</i> E, 101–102 m.</p> <i>Type depository</i> <p>Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba.</p> <i>Etymology</i> <p>This species is named after the research and training vessel Ryokuyo-maru of the Maizuru Fisheries Research Station, Kyoto University, which collected all the specimens examined in this paper.</p> <i>Material examined</i> <p> <i>Holotype.</i> NSMT-Mo 78608, ethanol preserved specimen, a part of sclerites and radula are mounted on slide glasses, body length 6.4 mm, 35°44.97 <i>′</i> N, 135°22.40 <i>′</i> E, 101–102 m, 2 September 2012. <i>Paratypes</i>. #1–3: NSMT-Mo 78609–78611, body length 4.6–7.0 mm, from type locality; #4–6: NSMT-Mo 78612–78614, body length 4.0– 4.5 mm, 35°39.20 <i>′</i> N, 135°21.47 <i>′</i> E, 69 m, 2 September 2010; #7: NSMT-Mo 78615, body length 7.1 mm, 35°34.59 <i>′</i> N, 135°20.32 <i>′</i> E, 51–52 m, 10 July 2012; #8: NSMT-Mo 78616, body length 4.8 mm, 35°45.03 <i>′</i> N, 135°20.21 <i>′</i> E, 95 m, 13 August</p> <p> 2012; #9–12: NSMT-Mo 78617–78620, body length 4.3–7.0 mm, 35°45.26 <i>′</i> N, 135° 20.48 <i>′</i> E, 98–99 m, 25 April 2013.</p> <i>Description of holotype</i> <p> Animal small, 6.4 mm long, anterior body stout, <i>c</i>. 0.9 mm in diameter in midgut region, posterior body slender, tail-like, <i>c</i>. 0.3 mm in prepallial region, terminating in tassel with long needle-like sclerites (Figure 6A). Boundary of foregut and midgut regions demarcated by groove. Pedal shield surrounding mouth located dorsally to centre.</p> <p> Dominant sclerites covering whole surface of midgut and midgut sac regions lanceolate with flared base, up to 135 µm long × 40 µm wide, curved towards body, bluntly pointed at tip, broadly keeled on midline (seen as dark axial band in Figure 7E, F), with one longitudinal groove on each side of median keel; grooves are bifurcated near the base (Figure 7E, F). Sclerites from foregut region to midgut sac region with or without basal notch. Sclerites of prepallial region similar to dominant sclerites, but less flared in basal portion (Figure 7G, I), occasionally parallel sided (Figure 7H). Sclerites of peribuccal region minute, elongate oval, flat, <i>c</i>. 40 µm long × 14 µm wide (Figure 7A, B). Sclerites in foregut region short, up to 120 µm long × 45 µm wide, slightly curved towards body, round at top, flared at base, with weak waist, keeled with one or two narrow grooves at both sides of keel (Figure 7C, D). Sclerites of posterior prepallial region rather broad, attaining 120 µm long × 35 µm wide, slightly concave on medial surface, pointed at tip, nearly parallel sided, with several fine grooves (Figure 7J). Posterior margin of pallial region with long needles slightly flared in the proximal half, up to 280 µm long × 16 µm wide (Figure 7K, L). Sclerites inside of posterior margin fine needles 80 µm long × 8 µm wide (Figure 7M).</p> <p> Radula of single pair of sclerotized sickle-shaped teeth, <i>c</i>. 40 µm long, with small triangular thickening in proximal half, socketed by symphysis to apical notch of basal plate (Figure 6D). Basal plate wedge-shaped, 190 µm long, 65 µm in frontal width, 35 µm in lateral width, sclerotized at distal one-third. Cuticular lateral supports about half length of entire radula apparatus, substructured into three lobes at each side. Slightly sclerotized cuticular lining (transverse bar: as shown in Salvini-Plawen 1975, figure 7A, hatched portion between tips of lateral supports) of the distal radular pit (Figure 6D, left).</p> <i>Additional description from paratypes</i> <p>Colour of living animals light brown with dark brownish maculation in anterior body, which is the colouration of the internal organs observable through the translucent body wall, dark brown in pedal shield (Figure 6B, C).</p> <i>Remarks</i> <p> This species shares with several other <i>Falcidens</i> species a slender, tail-like posterior body; these include <i>F. gutturosus</i> (Kowalevsky, 1901), <i>F. loveni</i> (Nierstrasz, 1902), <i>F. caudatus</i> (Heath, 1918), <i>F. hartmani</i> (Schwabl, 1961), <i>F</i>. <i>crossotus</i> Salvini- Plawen, 1968, <i>F. procerus</i> Salvini-Plawen, 1986, <i>F. targatus</i> Salvini-Plawen, 1986, <i>F. acutargatus</i> Salvini-Plawen, 1992, and <i>F. vasconiensis</i> Salvini-Plawen, 1996 (Schwabl 1961; Salvini-Plawen 1968, 1992, 1996). Only <i>F. loveni</i> from Indonesia, <i>F. hartmani</i> from off Southern California and <i>F. procerus</i> from the Peru– Chile trench inhabit Pacific waters, whereas the type species <i>F. crossotus</i> and the other representatives belong to the Atlantic fauna. With respect to the sclerites, <i>F. crossotus</i> from the Scandinavian coast and <i>F. gutturosus</i> from the Mediterranean Sea are similar to those of <i>F. ryokuyomaruae</i> by having lanceolate scales with flared base in the midbody (see Salvini-Plawen 1968, 1972, 1996). It differs, however, by geographical provenance, and by the pedal shield which surrounds the mouth opening, narrower sclerites with waist in the foregut region, and proportionally wider prepallial sclerites. In the North Pacific, only one species, <i>Falcidens salviniplaweni</i> (Ivanov, 1984), is known from the Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. The present species is distinguishable from the latter by having the tail-like narrowed posterior body.</p>Published as part of <i>Saito, Hiroshi & Salvini-Plawen, Luitfried v., 2014, Four new species of the aplacophoran class Caudofoveata (Mollusca) from the southern Sea of Japan, pp. 2965-2983 in Journal of Natural History 48 (45 - 48)</i> on pages 2973-2976, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.959577, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4607709">http://zenodo.org/record/4607709</a>
Le tessere in pasta vitrea in mosaici romani: esame di alcuni frammenti dal ninfeo della villa di Pipiano a Marina della Lobra,
No full textIl presente studio si è posto l’obiettivo di caratterizzare le tessere vitree provenienti dallo scavo, condotto da Valeria Sampaolo e Tommasina Budetta (SAMPAOLO 1995, BUDETTA 1996), del ninfeo della Villa di Pipiano a Marina della Lobra (SALVINI 2008). Dopo un osservazione accurata dei campioni allo stereomicroscopio, sono state impiegate diverse tecniche d’indagine scientifica, la microscopia elettronica a scansione con microsonda a dispersione di energia (SEM/EDS), la diffrazione di raggi X da polveri, la micro-spettroscopia infrarossa in Trasformata di Fourier (FTIR) e la spettrometria di massa con sorgente al plasma ad accoppiamento induttivo (ICP-MS).
I risultati analitici ottenuti sono stati interpretati considerando altri studi effettuati su tessere musive, con preferenza per i materiali rinvenuti nell’area campana (MONTENERO 2001, ARLETTI et alii 2006, BOSCHETTI et alii 2007)
Concezione di Sé ed attribuzione di tratti prototipici in un gruppo di atleti di alto livello
No full textModels for Simulation and Diagnosis of Energy Plant Components
No full textThis paper describes a methodology to set up models for simulation and diagnosis of energy plant components. The adopted approach consists in a simultaneous solution of modules representing plant components taking their actual behaviour into account.
Reality Functions are introduced to adapt the models to the reality of the machines and apparatuses. They enable the model
to reproduce the N&C behaviour of a specific real component taking its peculiar individual features into consideration.
Actuality Functions are introduced to represent actual component statuses.
They adapt the model response to that of the real actual component by modifying work (or heat) transfer capability, effective flow functions and losses. Actuality Function identification is performed by using DCS data. After their determination the actual component performance map is re-established inside the model.
The developed methodology has been applied to two different types of CHP plants. In both cases results show the capability to reproduce with satisfactory accuracy the N&C as well as actual deteriorated behaviour of the plant
New lifing criterion for land-based gas turbines in flexible operation mode
No full textUnder the ongoing global energy transition, gas turbines are increasingly experiencing new modes of operation. In the recent years, primarily in Europe and similarly in various parts of the world, renewable energies are gaining momentum to support more environmentally friendly energy policies. Renewable Energy Sources (RES), such as wind and solar are intermittent by nature and a rise in their contribution is associated with grid instabilities. As a result, reliable energy sources such as fossil fuel-based plants are required to fill flexible back-up or reserve power, capable to rapidly response in case of RES downtime. This introduces new operating conditions, characterized by very high start/stop cycles (almost daily) and load cycling operations, beyond those foreseen under the classic base-load or cyclic operations.The present criteria used for establishing the inspection intervals and components' lives, are put in place based on the assumptions that the gas turbine will operate at base load for the most part, with some exposure to cyclic operations. This paper identifies the most critical gaps in the present criteria, particularly due to increased thermal instability or sustained transient under the flexible operation requirements. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd
Liomys salvini
No full textLiomys salvini (Thomas, 1893). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, 11:331. TYPE LOCALITY: Guatemala, Sacatepequez, Duenas. DISTRIBUTION: C. Costa Rica to E. Oaxaca (Mexico). COMMENT: Includes anthonyi, crispus, and heterothrix; see Genoways, 1973, Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech Univ., 5:235-236. Reviewed by Carter and Genoways, 1978, Mamm. Species, 84:1-5. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410004003011001 as L. salvini. 5301410004003003001 as L. anthonyi. 5301410004003005001 as L. crispus. 5301410004003007001 as L. heterothrix.Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 2), pp. 382-392 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 387, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.735302
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