340 research outputs found
An Investigation of A Possible Dependence of Brewer Number 67s Total-ozone Measurements On Some Atmospheric Parameters, Together With A Presentation of A Peculiar Synoptic Ozone Case At Rome
No full textBrewer total ozone data (January-December 1992) measured at the Physics Department, Pome University > (41.9 degrees North, 12.5 degrees East) are analysed for dependence on Brewer internal temperature and some meteorological parameters. Non-parametric correlation analysis reveals the independence of total ozone from the internal Brewer temperature. Attention is focused on a peculiar case to show, by means of vertical wind velocity profile, the possible effects of lower stratospheric vertical advection on ozone fluctuations
Heat Wave Changes in the Eastern Mediterranean since 1960
No full textA new data set of high-quality homogenized daily maximum and minimum summer air temperature series from 246 stations in the eastern Mediterranean region (including Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Greece, Israel, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, Turkey) is developed and used to quantify changes in heat wave number, length and intensity between 1960 and 2006. Daily temperature homogeneity analyses suggest that many instrumental measurements in the 1960s are warm-biased, correcting for these biases regionally averaged heat wave trends are up to 8% higher. We find significant changes across the western Balkans, southwestern and western Turkey, and along the southern Black Sea coastline. Since the 1960s, the mean heat wave intensity, heat wave length and heat wave number across the eastern Mediterranean region have increased by a factor of 7.6 +/- 1.3, 7.5 +/- 1.3 and 6.2 +/- 1.1, respectively. These findings suggest that the heat wave increase in this region is higher than previously reported. Citation: Kuglitsch, F. G., A. Toreti, E. Xoplaki, P. M. Della-Marta, C. S. Zerefos, M. Turkes, and J. Luterbacher (2010), Heat wave changes in the eastern Mediterranean since 1960, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L04802, doi: 10.1029/2009GL041841.6th EU Framework Programm CIRCE [036961]; 7th EU Framework program ACQWA [212250]; MedClivarWe are grateful to G. van der Schrier and partners from the ECA&D at the KNMI, the Hellenic National Meteorological Service, O. M. Gokturk, and the Turkish State Meteorological Service for providing data. This research was funded by the 6th EU Framework Programm CIRCE (#036961). JL acknowledges support from the 7th EU Framework program ACQWA (#212250) and MedClivar (http://www.medclivar.eu/). The reviewers made useful comments and suggestions and helped to improve the quality of this study
Inter-annual variability of high-latitude stratospheric ozone from satellite observations and model calculations
No full textIt has been shown that the inter-annual variability of total ozone in the polar regions of both hemispheres is highly correlated with the flux of planetary waves into the stratosphere. In order to estimate the relative importance of transport and chemistry on the inter-annual variability of high latitude ozone, we use a chemical transport model (CTM) together with observations from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) and the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS). We find that the expected inter-annual variability of total ozone in the northern hemisphere in the absence of polar ozone depletion is not significantly different from the observed variability, in contrast to the southern hemisphere, where chemical ozone depletion is the dominant effect. However, the large uncertainty of the planetary wave flux in current meteorological analyses is a limiting factor for modeling the inter-annual variability of total ozone
Gender and neurogenin3 influence the pathogenesis of ketosis-prone diabetes.
No full textKetosis-prone diabetes (KPD) is a phenotypically defined form of diabetes characterized by male predominance and severe insulin deficiency. Neurogenin3 (NGN3) is a proendocrine gene, which is essential for the fate of pancreatic beta cells. Mice lacking ngn3 develop early insulin-deficient diabetes. Thus, we hypothesized that gender and variants in NGN3 could predispose to KPD. We have studied clinical and metabolic parameters according to gender in patients with KPD (n = 152) and common type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (n = 167). We have sequenced NGN3 in KPD patients and screened gene variants in T2DM and controls (n = 232). In KPD, male gender was associated with a more pronounced decrease in beta-cell insulin secretory reserve, assessed by fasting C-peptide [mean (ng/ml) +/- s.d., M: 1.1 +/- 0.6, F: 1.5 +/- 0.9; p = 0.02] and glucagon-stimulated C-peptide [mean (ng/ml) +/- s.d., M: 2.2 +/- 1.1, F: 3.1 +/- 1.7; p = 0.03]. The rare affected females were in an anovulatory state. We found two new variants in the promoter [-3812T/C (af: 2%) and -3642T/C (af: 1%)], two new coding variants [S171T (af: 1%) and A185S (af: 1%)] and the variant already described [S199F (af: 69%)]. These variants were not associated with diabetes. Clinical investigation revealed an association between 199F and hyperglycaemia assessed by glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c (%, +/-s.d.) S199: 12.6 +/- 1.6, S199F: 12.4 +/- 1.4 and 199F: 14.1 +/- 2.2; p = 0.01]. In vitro, the P171T, A185S and S199F variants did not reveal major functional alteration in the activation of NGN3 target genes. In conclusion, male gender, anovulatory state in females and NGN3 variations may influence the pathogenesis of KPD in West Africans. This has therapeutic implications for potential tailored pharmacological intervention in this population
Aviation radiative forcing in 2000: An update on IPCC (1999)
No full textNew estimates of the various contributions to the radiative forcing (RF) from aviation are presented, mainly
based on results from the TRADEOFF project that update those of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC, 1999). The new estimate of the total RF from aviation for 2000 is approximately the same as
that of the IPCC’s estimate for 1992. This is mainly a consequence of the strongly reduced RF from contrails,
which compensates the increase due to increased traffic from 1992 to 2000. The RF from other aviationinduced
cirrus clouds might be as large as the present estimate of the total RF (without cirrus). However, our
present knowledge on these aircraft-induced cirrus clouds is too poor to provide a reliable estimate of the
associated RF
Phenotype standardization for immune-mediated drug-induced skin injury
No full textAdvances in genetic research and molecular biology techniques have made it possible to begin to characterize the underlying genetic factors that predispose patients to serious forms of drug-induced skin injury (DISI). To facilitate research in this area, we have set out standardized phenotypic definitions for (i) Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), (ii) acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), and (iii) hypersensitivity syndrome (HSS; also known as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) and drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS)). A DISI Expert Working Group comprising participants with varied expertise reviewed and debated current terminology and diagnostic criteria for DISI and agreed on the minimum phenotypic criteria for selected forms of DISI (SJS/TEN, AGEP, and HSS). In addition, an algorithm has been developed to aid appropriate clinical categorization of patients with DISI. These standardized criteria will be important in facilitating adequate and accurate patient recruitment in order to advance research in pharmacogenomic, immunological, mechanistic, and epidemiological studies
Mediterranean Climate Variability Over the Last Centuries : A Review
No full text[Luterbacher, J., E. Xoplaki, C. Casty, H. Wanner, A. Pauling, M. Kuettel, T. Rutishauser, S. Broennimann, E. Fischer, D. Fleitmann, JF. Gonzalez-Rouco, R. Garcia-Herrera, M. Barriendos, FS. Rodrigo, JC. Gonzalez-Hidalgo, MA. Saz, L. Gimeno, P. Ribera, M. Brunet, H. Paeth, N. Rimbu, T. Felis, J. Jacobeit, A. Duenkeloh, E. Zorita, J. Guiot, M. Turkes, MJ. Alcoforado, R. Trigo, D. Wheeler, SFB. Tett, ME. Mann, R. Touchan, DT. Shindell, S. Silenzi, P. Montagna, D. Camuffo, A. Mariotti, T. Nanni, M. Brunetti, M. Maugeri, C. Zerefos, S. De Zolt, P. Lionello, MF. Nunes, V. Rath, H. Beltrami, E. Garnier, and E. Le Roy Ladurie] - [P. Lionello (Editor) : University of Lecce, Italy - Paola Malanotte-Rizzoli (Editor) : Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, U.S.A. - R. Boscolo (Editor) : Instituto de Investigaciones Marines, Vigo, Spain] - [E. Garnier p. 45-47] - ISBN : 0-444-52170-
Evidence of the El Chichón stratospheric volcanic cloud in Northern Greece
No full textEl borde norte de los residuos del SO2 volcánico lanzado a la estratósfera por El Chichón fue rastreado en Tesalónica (41 ºN) desde principios del verano de 1982. La evidencia se basa en mediciones de rutina del SO2 columnar, hechas con el espectrofotómetro Brewer Mark II fuera de la ciudad de Tesalónica. Tomando en cuenta la contribución de la contaminación troposférica al S02 columnar, se espera que alrededor de 2 m-atm-cm del S02 columnar pueda atribuirse a la carga estratosférica de origen volcánico.
doi: https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.1984.23.2.84
- …
