504 research outputs found
Clausole abusive e poteri conformativi
No full textIl saggio, prendendo spunto da una recente decisione della Corte di giustizia, affronta la questione dell’integrazione del contratto b2c nel caso in cui una clau- sola sia dichiarata abusiva. In particolare, nel ripercorrere l’evoluzione dell’o- rientamento della Corte, si analizza, da una prospettiva funzionale e assiologica, la nullità di protezione comminata dall’art. 36 c. cons. onde verificare se essa appartenga alla categoria delle sanzioni o se invece rientri a pieno titolo in quella dei rimedi. Concludendo in quest’ultimo senso, il saggio, infine, si sofferma sulle tecniche di integrazione del contratto, con particolare riguardo all’integrazione c.d. giudiziale, individuando tanto i criteri cui il giudice deve attenersi quanto i limiti al suo utilizzo.
The essay, inspired by a recent decision of the Court of Justice, addresses the issue concerning the integration of the b2c contract whose clause is declared unfair. In particular, retracing the evolution of the Court’s orientation, the so- called protective nullity, imposed by art. 36 c. cons., is analysed from a functional and axiological perspective, in order to verify whether it belongs to the category of sanctions or whether it falls fully within the one of remedies. Concluding in the latter case, the essay finally dwells upon the techniques of integration of the contract, with particular regard to the so-called judicial integration, identifying both the criteria which the judge must comply with and the limits to its use
Job-hunting in Italy : Building a glossary of “English-inspired” job titles
No full textThis paper reports on a study of “English-inspired” job titles retrieved from a specialized corpus of job advertisements posted on Italian web pages. This corpus was created using the WebBootCat tool in the Sketch Engine, following the methodology described by Baroni and Bernardini (2004) and Baroni et al. (2006). The aim is to build a glossary of English job titles to be published online as a tool for prospective job applicants. Checking their status in English and Italian dictionaries, we will establish whether the titles collected are current English terms, false Anglicisms, or “English-inspired” creations. The preliminary findings consist of a list of 30 job titles which are analyzed in terms of form and meaning, and grouped into categories depending on whether an Italian equivalent is available or not. The corpus of job postings is used to analyze the lexical profile of job titles, their meaning and/or possible covert manipulative intent. In fact, data shows that some English job titles may be preferred to Italian equivalents to attribute greater status to the actual job designation and description. Moreover, some job titles are characterized by complex pre-modification which may confuse the ultimate users, i.e. job hunters themselves
Light and Shape: A Contribution to Demonstrate Morphological Differences in Diurnal and Nocturnal Teleosts
No full text11 pages, 5 figures,1 table.Light intensity is an important environmental
factor affecting the structure of fish assemblages
during the day–night cycle. Light influences how organisms
perceive their environment, modulating their intraspecific
and interspecific relationships. The relationship
between light intensity variations and biological cycles
should be observed at the level of organismal morphology.
In this study the relationship between activity
rhythms, thus light intensity experienced by fish in the
period of major activity and external morphology, have
been investigated. The morphological traits of 97
selected fish species were compared in order to determine
the existence of a common morphological plan in
agreement with their diurnal or nocturnal activity
rhythm. Species sorting was performed by maximizing
the diversity of activity rhythm, habitat choice, ecology,
and trophic habits within the same family, to assess the
importance of the day–night cycle on species morphology
in relation to other environmental features. The morphological
characters selected for the geometric morphometric
analysis were body profile and the position of mouth,
eye, pelvic, pectoral, dorsal, and caudal fin. The present
analysis allowed different consensus forms for nocturnal
and for diurnal species to be identified. Two-block Partial
Least Squares analysis was then performed for the
purpose of modeling the covariation between the form
and two important external variables (ecology and activity).Ministero Italiano per le Politiche Agricole
e Forestali; Contract grant number: Law 41/82.
J. Aguzzi is a postdoctoral fellow
(Programa Juan de la Cierva), sponsored by Ministerio
de Educacio´n y Cultura, Espa˜na.Peer reviewe
About Bounded Transformations of the Gamma Degradation Process
No full textAlthough the degradation processes of technological units are naturally bounded, due to the finiteness of their physical dimensions and/or the nature itself of the degradation mechanism, the models adopted to describe degradation phenomena are typically unbounded. In general, this apparent contradiction does not significantly affect the effectiveness of unbounded degradation models, because degrading units are conventionally considered failed when their degradation level exceeds a threshold value that is quite far from the “natural” bounds. On the other side, however, the effectiveness of an unbounded degradation models can drastically diminish if the physical bound and threshold have comparable values. The aim of this paper is then to investigate the potentiality of the transformed gamma process in modelling bounded degradation phenomena. This idea is not new. Yet, differently than in other existing models, here the upper bound is treated as an unknown parameter and is estimated from the available degradation data. The proposed approach, which led to the definition of a bounded (state-dependent) transformed gamma process, is illustrated starting with a motivating example, which is developed on the basis of a real set of wear data of cylinder liners equipping a diesel engine for marine propulsion. Model parameters are estimated by using the maximum likelihood method. Fitting ability of the innovative proposed bounded process is compared with those of the unbounded gamma process, previously adopted to analyze these wear data. Potentiality of the proposed approach are critically discussed in the paper
Paraconsistency in classical logic
No full textClassical propositional logic can be characterized, indirectly, by means of a complementary formal system whose theorems are exactly those formulas that are not classical tautologies, i.e., contradictions and truth-functional contingencies. Since a formula is contingent if and only if its negation is also contingent, the system in question is paraconsistent. Hence classical propositional logic itself admits of a paraconsistent characterization, albeit “in the negative”. More generally, any decidable logic with a syntactically incomplete proof theory allows for a paraconsistent characterization of its set of theorems. This, we note, has important bearing on the very nature of paraconsistency as standardly characterized
Stochastic modeling and prediction of catalytic converters degradation
No full textThis paper proposes a stochastic model for describing the degradation process of catalytic
converters over time, where the degradation is indirectly measured through the emission of complex hydrocarbons
(HC) in legislated driving cycles. The proposed model is the superposition of two processes, the former being
a dependent increments process which describes the actual degradation process, and the latter a white noise
process which models the experimental errors. In particular, the proposed model assumes that the degradation
growth in a small usage interval depends on the degradation level at the beginning of the interval, rather than on
the age of the converter. The model has been applied to the real case of catalytic converters mounted on three
copies of a vehicle prototype used for a development test program at the Elasis Research Center. Inferential
procedures and prediction results are presented and discussed in the last part of the paper
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