151,142 research outputs found
Strong decay patterns of the hidden-charm pentaquark states P-c(4380) and P-c(4450)
No full textWith the heavy quark symmetry and spin rearrangement scheme, we study the strong decay behavior of the hidden-charm pentaquark states with J(P) = 3/2 +/-, 5/2 +/- assuming they are molecular candidates composed of (D) over bar(*) and Sigma((*))(c). We obtain several typical ratios of the partial decay widths of the hidden-charm pentaquarks. For the three S-wave ((D) over bar*Sigma(c)), ((D) over bar*Sigma(*)(c)), and ((D) over bar*Sigma(*)(c)), molecular pentaquarks with JP = 3/2(-), we have obtained the ratio of their J/Psi N decay widths: Gamma[((D) over bar*Sigma(c))] : Gamma[((D) over bar*Sigma(c))] : Gamma[((D) over bar*Sigma(c))] = 2.7:1.0:5.4, which may be useful to further test the possible molecular assignment of the P-c states.National Natural Science Foundation of China [11205011, 11475015, 11375024, 11222547, 11175073, 11035006, 11575008]SCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
The Escort polka [music] /
No full textFor piano.; Caption title.; Engraved.; Estimated publication date from G. Skinner (2011), 'Toward a general history of Australian musical composition: first national music, 1788-c.1860', Sydney Conservatorium of Music, p. 489 http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/81022028; Also available online http://nla.gov.au/nla.mus-an6162580; MUS: N, MUS/168
Strong Equivalence of Qualitative Optimization Problems
No full textWe introduce the framework of qualitative optimization problems (or, simply, optimization problems) to represent preference theories. The formalism uses separate modules to describe the space of outcomes to be compared (the generator) and the preferences on outcomes (the selector). We consider two types of optimization problems. They differ in the way the generator, which we model by a propositional theory, is interpreted: by the standard propositional logic semantics, and by the equilibrium-model (answer-set) semantics. Under the latter interpretation of generators, optimization problems directly generalize answer-set optimization programs proposed previously. We study strong equivalence of optimization problems, which guarantees their interchangeability within any larger context. We characterize several versions of strong equivalence obtained by restricting the class of optimization problems that can be used as extensions and establish the complexity of associated reasoning tasks. Understanding strong equivalence is essential for modular representation of optimization problems and rewriting techniques to simplify them without changing their inherent properties
The effectiveness of interventions to treat severe acute malnutrition in young children: a systematic review
No full textSevere acute malnutrition (SAM) arises as a consequence of a sudden period of food shortage and is associated with loss of a person’s body fat and wasting of their skeletal muscle. Many of those affected are already undernourished and are often susceptible to disease. Infants and young children are the most vulnerable as they require extra nutrition for growth and development, have comparatively limited energy reserves and depend on others. Undernutrition can have drastic and wide-ranging consequences for the child’s development and survival in the short and long term. Despite efforts made to treat SAM through different interventions and programmes, it continues to cause unacceptably high levels of mortality and morbidity. Uncertainty remains as to the most effective methods to treat severe acute malnutrition in young children.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to treat infants and children aged < 5 years who have SAM.Data sourcesEight databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, CAB Abstracts Ovid, Bioline, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, EconLit EBSCO and The Cochrane Library) were searched to 2010. Bibliographies of included articles and grey literature sources were also searched. The project expert advisory group was asked to identify additional published and unpublished references.Review methodsPrior to the systematic review, a Delphi process involving international experts prioritised the research questions. Searches were conducted and two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts for eligibility. Inclusion criteria were applied to the full texts of retrieved papers by one reviewer and checked independently by a second. Included studies were mapped to the research questions. Data extraction and quality assessment were undertaken by one reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Differences in opinion were resolved through discussion at each stage. Studies were synthesised through a narrative review with tabulation of the results.ResultsA total of 8954 records were screened, 224 full-text articles were retrieved, and 74 articles (describing 68 studies) met the inclusion criteria and were mapped. No evidence focused on treatment of children with SAM who were human immunodeficiency virus sero-positive, and no good-quality or adequately reported studies assessed treatments for SAM among infants < 6 months old. One randomised controlled trial investigated fluid resuscitation solutions for shock, with none adequately treating shock. Children with acute diarrhoea benefited from the use of hypo-osmolar oral rehydration solution (H-ORS) compared with the standard World Health Organization-oral rehydration solution (WHO-ORS). WHO-ORS was not significantly different from rehydration solution for malnutrition (ReSoMal), but the safety of ReSoMal was uncertain. A rice-based ORS was more beneficial than glucose-based ORSs, and provision of zinc plus a WHO-ORS had a favourable impact on diarrhoea and need for ORS. Comparisons of different diets in children with persistent diarrhoea produced conflicting findings. For treating infection, comparison of amoxicillin with ceftriaxone during inpatient therapy, and routine provision of antibiotics for 7 days versus no antibiotics during outpatient therapy of uncomplicated SAM, found that neither had a significant effect on recovery at the end of follow-up. No evidence mapped to the next three questions on factors that affect sustainability of programmes, long-term survival and readmission rates, the clinical effectiveness of management strategies for treating children with comorbidities such as tuberculosis and Helicobacter pylori infection and the factors that limit the full implementation of treatment programmes. Comparison of treatment for SAM in different settings showed that children receiving inpatient care appear to do as well as those in ambulatory or home settings on anthropometric measures and response time to treatment. Longer-term follow-up showed limited differences between the different settings. The majority of evidence on methods for correcting micronutrient deficiencies considered zinc supplements; however, trials were heterogeneous and a firm conclusion about zinc was not reached. There was limited evidence on either supplementary potassium or nicotinic acid (each produced some benefits), and nucleotides (not associated with benefits). Evidence was identified for four of the five remaining questions, but not assessed because of resource limitation.LimitationsThe systematic review focused on key questions prioritised through a Delphi study and, as a consequence, did not encompass all elements in the management of SAM. In focusing on evidence from controlled studies with the most rigorous designs that were published in the English language, the systematic review may have excluded other forms of evidence. The systematic review identified several limitations in the evidence base for assessing the effectiveness of interventions for treating young children with severe acute malnutrition, including a lack of studies assessing the different interventions; limited details of study methods used; short follow-up post intervention or discharge; and heterogeneity in participants, interventions, settings, and outcome measures affecting generalisability.ConclusionsFor many of the most highly ranked questions evidence was lacking or inconclusive. More research is needed on a range of topic areas concerning the treatment of infants and children with SAM. Further research is required on most aspects of the management of SAM in children < 5 years, including intravenous resuscitation regimens for shock, management of subgroups (e.g. infants < 6 months old, infants and children with SAM who are human immunodeficiency virus sero-positive) and on the use of antibiotics.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Technology Assessment programme.<br/
A note on strong solutions of stochastic differential equations with a discontinuous drift coefficient
No full textThe existence of a mean-square continuous strong solution is established for vector-valued Itö stochastic differential equations with a discontinuous drift coefficient, which is an increasing function, and with a Lipschitz continuous diffusion coefficient. A scalar stochastic differential equation with the Heaviside function as its drift coefficient is considered as an example. Upper and lower solutions are used in the proof
Nurturing children’s innate musicality: the impact of music self-concept and parent education on musical parenting practices with young children
No full textThe purpose of this mixed-methods experimental study is twofold. First, the researcher examined the relationship between parents’ musical self-concept and intentional music-making with their young children (four years of age and under.) An intentional music-making episode (IMME) is defined as a consciously parent-initiated activity or extension of an activity, either spontaneous or planned beforehand, in which both parent and child are musically engaged. Second, the research considers the impact of active and passive parent education methods on frequency of IMME. In order to assess musical self-concept, a modified version of Asmus’ Motivation for Music test was administered to subjects before treatment. Subjects were randomly distributed into one of two groups. The Active Group comprised those receiving weekly electronic newsletters about music-making with young children and who were also enrolled in a 10-week parent/child music class. The Passive Group only received the weekly e-newsletters about music-making with young children. All subjects took a researcher-constructed survey pre- and post-treatment to assess for any change in IMME. Analysis indicated that variability in IMME attributable to MSC was low (R² =.0030), and that there was no significant difference in IMME of subjects who completed Active and Passive treatments. That is, no connection was identified linking subjects’ MSC and the amount of musical engagement with their children, lending evidence to the idea that music is a fundamental human drive and intrinsic to the parent/child relationship. A Repeated Measures ANCOVA revealed a positive relationship between both Active and Passive treatment conditions and IMME, as the entire sample demonstrated statistically significant improvement from pre- to posttest IMME scores (p < .001). Limited qualitative data revealed that Active Group parents finished the treatment with more confidence in their own ability to be musical with their child, as well as a strong commitment to continued intentional music-making with their children in the future. Taken together, these findings support the idea that music specialists can play a valuable role in educating parents about music-making with their young children, thereby strengthening the crucial early musical development of future students.D.M.A.Includes bibliographical referencesMelissa C. Stron
Search for new hadronic decays of h c and observation of h c → p p ¯ η
No full textAbstract A search for the hadronic decays of the h c meson to the final states p p ¯ π + π − π 0, p p ¯ η , and p p ¯ π 0 via the process ψ(3686) → π 0 h c is performed using (4.48 ± 0.03) × 108 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector. The decay channel h c → p p ¯ η is observed for the first time with a significance greater than 5σ and a branching fraction of (6.41 ± 1.74 ± 0.53 ± 1.00) × 10 −4, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and that from the branching fraction of ψ(3686) → π 0 h c . Strong evidence for the decay h c → p p ¯ π + π − π 0 is found with a significance of 4.9σ and a branching fraction of (3.84 ± 0.83 ± 0.69 ± 0.58) × 10 −3. The significances include systematic uncertainties. No clear signal of the decay h c → p p ¯ π 0 is found, and an upper limit of 6.59 × 10 −4 on its branching fraction is set at the 90% confidence level
New determination of the D0→K -π +π0 and D0→K -π +π +π - coherence factors and average strong-phase d
No full textMeasurements of the coherence factors (RKππ0 and R K3π) and the average strong-phase differences (δDKππ0 and δDK3π) for the decays D0→K -π +π0 and D0→K -π +π +π - are presented. These parameters are important inputs to the determination of the unitarity triangle angle γ in B ∓→DK ∓ decays, where D designates a D0 or D-0 meson decaying to a common final state. The measurements are made using quantum correlated DD- decays collected by the CLEO-c experiment at the ψ(3770) resonance, and augment a previously published analysis by the inclusion of new events in which the signal decay is tagged by the mode D→KS0π+π- The measurements also benefit from improved knowledge of external inputs, namely the D0D-0 mixing parameters, rDKπ and several D-meson branching fractions. The measured values are RKππ0=0.82±0.07, δDKππ0=(164-14+20)°, RK3π=0.32-0.28+0.20 and δDK3π=(225-78+21)°. Consideration is given to how these measurements can be improved further by using the larger quantum-correlated data set collected by BESIII
Efficient urea electrosynthesis via dual-atom catalysts enabled by strong p-d orbital coupling
No full textElectrocatalytic urea synthesis via C-N coupling offers a sustainable alternative to conventional methods, addressing energy and environmental challenges. However, the design of efficient catalysts involves diverse reactions and intermediates due to the multistep nature of the process. Double atom catalysts (DACs), with their enhanced co-adsorption sites, facilitate the activation of multiple species during electrocatalytic reactions. Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we for the first time investigate CuM@N6-G (M = B, Al, Ga, In) catalysts—d-block Cu and p-block atoms embedded in N-doped graphene—as stable DACs for urea synthesis. These catalysts possess strong d-p orbital coupling that enable effective co-adsorption and activation of NO and CO, supporting consecutive C-N coupling and proton-electron transfer steps, which predict high urea production performance. Notably, their low limiting potentials indicate excellent catalytic activity, while the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and protonation of *NO and *CO can be suppressed to ensure high urea selectivity. This study provides a theoretical framework for rational design of novel DACs in urea electrocatalysis to guide future experiments
Strong previsions of random elements
No full textLet C be a class of arbitrary real random elements and P an extended real valued function on C. Two definitions of coherence for P are compared. Both definitions reduce to the classical de Finetti's one when C includes bounded random elements only. One of the two definitions (called strong coherence) is investigated, and some criteria for checking it are provided. Moreover, conditions are given for the integral representation of a coherent P, possibly with respect to a sigma-additive probability. Finally, the two definitions and the integral representation theorems are extended to the case where C is a class of random elements taking values in a given Banach space
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