202 research outputs found
Anthropometric and biochemical markers for nutritional risk among residents within an Austrlaian residential care facility
No full textThe risk of malnutrition is high among elderly population, yet few studies have measured indicators of nutritional status among Australian aged-care residents. To determine the relationship between nutritional status and bone density, hand grip strength, and the timed-up and go test, in a group of Australian aged-care residents. Anthropometric and biochemical analysis measured in subjects recruited to be part of a six month multivitamin supplementation study. One hundred and fifteen subjects participated (68% female). The mean (SD) age and body weight was 80.2(10.6) years, and 66.5(15.0) kg, respectively. Eleven percent were underweight (body mass index, BMI, ≤20.0kg/m²), and 20% were obese BMI ≥30kg/m²). Low serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D, ≤50 nmol/L) concentrations were found among 79% of subjects. After adjustment for body weight, there was an association between serum 25(OH)D and bone density (heel ultrasound) (r=.204, p=.027). Low serum zinc (≤10.7 μmol/L) concentrations were found among 46% of subjects; this group had a slower timed up and go time compared with those with higher zinc concentrations (n=19, 44.6 ± 5.6 seconds vs. n=27, 30.0 ± 3.3 seconds, p=.020). There were no associations between nutritional markers and hand grip strength. In this group, more than ¾ of subjects had low serum 25(OH)D, and 46% had low zinc concentrations. Serum 25(OH)D was associated a lower bone density and zinc with a slower walking time. This indicates that the elderly in long term residential care facilities are at high risk for poor nutritional status, potentially increasing morbidity and mortality.Jessica Grieger, Caryl Nowson, and M. Leigh Acklandhttp://apjcn.nhri.org.tw/server/APJCN/Volume16/vol16.1/Finished/Grieger.pd
Association of early childhood abdominal circumference and weight gain with blood pressure at 36 months of age: secondary analysis of data from a prospective cohort study.
No full textTo assess whether changes in measures of fat distribution and body size during early life are associated with blood pressure at 36 months of age
Differentiating Document Type and Author Personality for Linguistic Features
No full textThere are many ways to profile a collection of documents. This paper presents highlight from a body of work that has looked at individual differences in the language of personal weblogs. Firstly, we present a measure of linguistic contextuality that can be used to profile and rank genres. When applied to weblogs, we will show they are similar to school essays, yet significantly less contextual than e-mail. We then look at individual variation of language, as due to the personality of the author. We show that with just a few linguistic features, it is possible to explain significant proportions of variance within personality traits
Differentiating Document Type and Author Personality for Linguistic Features
No full textThere are many ways to profile a collection of documents. This paper presents highlight from a body of work that has looked at individual differences in the language of personal weblogs. Firstly, we present a measure of linguistic contextuality that can be used to profile and rank genres. When applied to weblogs, we will show they are similar to school essays, yet significantly less contextual than e-mail. We then look at individual variation of language, as due to the personality of the author. We show that with just a few linguistic features, it is possible to explain significant proportions of variance within personality traits
Wytyczne postepowania z osteoporoza omenopauzalna dla lekarzy rodzinnych
No full textTitle translation: Directions (guidelines) with (from) for family physicians procedure ; proceed ; osteoporozą pomenopauzalnąSheila O’Neill, Alastair MacLennan, Shona Bass, Terry Diamond, Peter Ebeling, David Findlay, Leon Flicker, Alex Markwell, Caryl Nowson, Nick Pocock, Philip Sambrook, Maria Fiatarone Sing
Whose Thumb is It Anyway?: Classifying Author Personality from Weblog Text
No full textWe report initial results on the relatively novel task of automatic classification of author personality. Using a corpus of personal weblogs, or 'blogs', we investigate the accuracy that can be achieved when classifying authors on four important personality traits. We explore both binary and multiple classification, using differing sets of n-gram features. Results are promising for all four traits examined
Nutritional and functional status indicators in residents of a long-term care facility
No full textIn a cross-sectional study, we determined whether results from the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL), were associated with nutritional status and mobility in long-term care residents. One hundred and fifteen study participants (mean [SD] age: 80.2 [10.6]) provided informed consent. Fifty eight percent (n = 66) responded to all three questionnaires: 12 were assessed as malnourished (MNA < 17) and 28 were depressed (GDS ≥ 6). Higher levels of depression were associated with lower serum zinc (n = 71, r = −.356, p = .001) and associated with a slower Timed Up and Go test (TUG, n = 38, r = .301, p = .030). MNA was also associated with serum zinc (n = 44, r = .307, P = .021). Non responders to questionnaires (n = 36) had a lower BMI (mean difference: −2.5 ± 1.0 kg/m2, p = .013) and serum 25(OH)D (−8.7 ± 3.8 nmol/l, p = .023) vs. responders. The GDS, in addition to the MNA, is useful in identifying poor nutritional status in residential care. Intervention programs that target depression and poor nutritional status could potentially improve overall quality of life, but it is not clear if depression is leading to poor nutritional status or if poor nutrition is leading to depression.Jessica A. Grieger, Caryl A. Nowson, Leigh M. Acklan
Whose Thumb is It Anyway?: Classifying Author Personality from Weblog Text
No full textWe report initial results on the relatively novel task of automatic classification of author personality. Using a corpus of personal weblogs, or 'blogs', we investigate the accuracy that can be achieved when classifying authors on four important personality traits. We explore both binary and multiple classification, using differing sets of n-gram features. Results are promising for all four traits examined
Multivitamin supplementation improves nutritional status and bone quality in aged care residents
No full textData source: Figures, https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602963
Link to a related website: https://www.nature.com/articles/1602963.pdf, Open Access via UnpaywallObjectives: To assess the effectiveness of a multivitamin (MV) tablet on nutritional status, quantitative heel ultrasound (QUS), mobility, muscle strength and falls. The design comprised two groups matched on mobility levels, randomized to receive a daily MV or placebo (P) tablet for 6 months. The setting was an Australian residential care facility.
Subjects: A total of 92 aged care residents. Serum micronutrients, body weight, QUS, rate of falls, hand grip strength, and the timed up and go test were assessed at baseline and 6 months.
Results: A total of 49 participants consumed a MV and 43, a matched P for 6 months. There was a greater increase in the MV vs P group for serum 25(OH)D (mean difference±standard error, 33.4±2.6 nmol l−1), folate (13.4±2.8 nmol l−1), and vitamin B12 (178.0±40.3 pmol l−1) (all P<0.001). Adequate 25(OH)D concentrations (⩾50 nmol l−1) were found among 77% of participants in the MV group vs 10% taking P (P<0.001). Adjusting for baseline levels, the increase in QUS was greater in the MV vs P group (3.0±2.0 dB MHz−1 vs −2.9±2.1 dB MHz−1, respectively, P=0.041). There was a trend towards a 63% lower mean number of falls in the MV vs P group (0.3±0.1 falls vs 0.8±0.3 falls, P=0.078).
Conclusions: MV supplementation raised serum vitamin B12 and folate concentrations and increased serum 25(OH)D, which was accompanied by an apparent positive effect on bone density. We also found a trend towards a reduction in falls and this could contribute to a reduction in fractures.JA Grieger, CA Nowson, HF Jarman, R Malon and LM Acklan
Guidelines for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis for general practitioners
No full textCopyright © 2002 Royal Australian College of General Practitioners Copyright to Australian Family Physician. Reproduced with permission. Permission to reproduce must be sought from the publisher, The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners.Background: Osteoporosis Australia has been committed to the education of general practitioners and the community with a series of updated guidelines on the management of osteoporosis. Since the last series was published in Australian Family Physician (August 2000), there have been further advances in our understanding of the treatments involved in both prevention of bone loss and the management of established osteoporosis. Objective: This article represents updated guidelines for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis to assist GPs identify those women at risk and to review current treatment strategies. DISCUSSION: Osteoporosis and its associated problems are major health concerns in Australia, especially with an aging population. While important principles of management are still considered to be maximising peak bone mass and preventing postmenopausal bone loss, new clinical trial data about drugs such as the bisphosphonates, raloxifene and oestrogen have recently become available and the relative role of various agents is gradually becoming clearer. The use of long term hormone replacement therapy has mixed risks and benefits that requires individual patient counselling.O'Neill Sheila; Sambrook Philip; Diamond Terry; Ebeling Peter; Ferris Linda; Flicker Leon; Findlay David; Singh Maria Fiatarone; Lord Stephen; MacLennan Alastair; Markwell Alex; Nowson Caryl; Pocock Nick; Williamson Margare
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