1,721,012 research outputs found
Corso Porta Reno, Ferrara (Northern Italy): a study in the formation processes of urban deposits
No full textL’articolo presenta i risultati dello studio geoarcheologico della sequenza stratigrafica esposta durante gli scavi archeologici in CorsoPorta Reno a Ferrara, in un’area posta tra il dosso del paleo-Po e la piana alluvionale adiacente. Il sito, conosciuto anche come “com- plesso di San Romano”, fu scavato tra il 1981 e il 1984 e restituì depositi d’abitato ed elementi strutturali datati tra l’VIII ed il XIII secolod.C., in eccezionali condizioni di conservazione. Lo studio geoarcheologico sul campo, integrato da quello di sezioni sottili, ha per- messo di ricostruire i processi naturali e le attività antropiche responsabili per la formazione della sequenza stratigrafica del sito. Essa ècaratterizzata dall’alternanza di unità antropogeniche (depositi di origine domestica soggetti a calpestio, unità derivanti dalla costruzio- nee/o dalla distruzione di edifici, sedimenti decantati all’interno di strutture negative) e di depositi alluvionali naturali (strati sabbiosi di colore chiaro, spesso con laminazioni incrociate, legati ad un ambiente di lobo di rotta attivo durante la frequentazione antropica del sito).Le condizioni di saturazione idrica, il rapido accrescimento sedimentario e la costruzione di un edificio in mattoni nel XIII secolo hannoevitato che la stratificazione originaria del sito venisse omogeneizzata dalla bioturbazione o sconvolta da attività antropiche nei secoli successivi. Il modello delineato in Corso Porta Reno potrebbe in parte spiegare la forte crescita verticale delle stratificazioni urbanedurane il Medioevo e fornire un modello per la formazione di spesse “Terre Nere” in città poste in ambienti alluvionali attivThe city of Ferrara (Emilia Romagna, northern Italy) is located on the left bank of the branch of the medieval channel of the Po River,the “Po of Ferrara”. This paper presents the results of the geoarchaeological study of the stratigraphic sequence exposed duringexcavations in Corso Porta Reno, located at an intermediate position between the palaeo-Po alluvial ridge and the adjacent floodplain.The area, also referred to as the “San Romano complex”, was excavated between 1981 and 1984, revealing an exceptionally well-pre-served sequence, comprising occupation deposits and structural remains dated between the 8 th and the late 13 th century AD.Geoarchaeological observations in the field and the micromorphological study of soil thin sections allowed the reconstruction of thenatural and anthropic processes involved in the formation of the site stratigraphic sequence. This is characterised by an alternatingsuccession of anthropogenic units (trampled domestic deposits, layers deriving from construction, destruction and/or refurbishing ofbuildings, materials from decantation within anthropic structures) and of natural alluvial deposits (light-coloured sandy layers oftenshowing cross laminations, linked to a crevasse-splay context active during the human dwelling). The waterlogged nature of the site,the rapid rate of sedimentary accretion, and the sealing of the sequence due to the construction of a brick house in the 13
th centuryavoided the well-stratified deposit to be heavily homogenized by bioturbation or reworked by later human activities. The model envisa-ged at Corso Porta Reno could partly explain the strong vertical accretion of urban deposits during the Middle age and provide a pos-sible mode of formation for thick “Dark Earth” sequences in medieval cities in active alluvial settings
Indicatori micromorfologici di erosione dei suoli nel settore settentrionale delle Valli Grandi Veronesi durante l’età del Ferro
No full textLe dinamiche pedo-alluvionali alla fine dell'età del Bronzo nelle Valli Grandi Veronesi: il contributo della micromorfologia del suolo
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Sub-Boreal aggradation along the Apennine margin of the Central Po Plain : geomorphological and geoarchaeological aspects [L' aggradation au Subboréal le long de la marge apennine de la plaine centrale du Pô : aspects géomorphologiques, etgeóarchéologiques]
No full textThe Apennine foothills at the southern limit of the Po Plain consist of a belt of coalescent, gravelly, alluvial fans trending to die north, towards the depocenter of the plain. Their aggradation is generally considered to have been controlled by climate and linked to die glacial periods of the Middle and Upper Pleistocene. At the transition from the Upper Pleistocene to the Holocene, aggradation of most of the alluvial fans stopped and their surface was subject to weathering, which resulted in deep, rubified Alfisols (Sols bruns fersiallitiques). These developed mainly during the Boreal and Atlantic periods. Beginning in the Sub-Boreal period, fine-textured alluvial deposits buried the distal margin of the alluvial fans and the soils developed on them. These deposits consist of fine-sized sediments of overbank facies, organised in fining upward sets and intercalated by buried Entisols, Inceptisols and Vertisols. The accumulation of alluvial sediments on the alluvial fans, after the prevailing weathering on their top, indicates a main change in die pedo-sedimentary processes and is related to the climatic change that occured between the end of the Postglacial Hypsithermal period and the beginning of the Neoglacial period. The soils on top of the alluvial fans and in later alluvial deposits show intensive human use and occupation from the Neolithic to die Early Bronze Age, and witness a significant change in land exploitation during the Atlantic/Sub-Boreal transition. During the Neolithic (Atlantic period), agricultural practices linked to shifting agriculture had minimal impact on the vegetation mantle and were limited to the plain areas. By contrast, during the Chalcolithic and the Early Bronze Age (Sub-Boreal period), a rather different mode of land use was adopted, as the result of the newly introduced transhumant pastoralism. Deforestation through slash and burn techniques was very intense and widespread, extending far beyond the boundary of the plain, deep inside the mountain range, affecting the Po Plain and the adjoining Apennines. This case study presents an argument for seeing climate change and human activity (deforestation by fire, agriculture and pastoralism) as synergic phenomena that shaped the prehistoric landscape.Le marge des Apennins, à la limite sud de la plaine du Pô (Italie du Nord), est bordée par une bande de cônes alluviaux coalescents qui se développent vers le nord, en direction de la plaine. Leur aggradation a été contrôlée par les cycles glaciaires et interglaciaires du Pléistocène moyen et supérieur qui ont interagi avec les processus tectoniques. A la différence des plus anciennes unités, fortement érodées, les cônes alluviaux mis en place au cours de la dernière période glaciaire sont encore morphologiquement bien conservés. A la transition Pléistocène supérieur/Holocène, l’accroissement de la plupart d’entre eux s’arrête et leur surface est soumise à la pédogenèse pendant les périodes du Boréal et de l’Atlantique, entraînant la formation d’alfisols rubéfiés (sols bruns fersiallitiques). Depuis le début de la période subboréale, les marges des cônes alluviaux ont été recouvertes par des dépôts alluviaux fins intercalés entre des entisols, des inceptisols et des vertisols souvent associés à des sites archéologiques. La cause de ce nouveau processus sédimentaire doit se chercher dans la dégradation climatique qui caractérise la fin de la période postglaciaire et le début du Néoglaciaire. Les sols à la surface des cônes alluviaux et ceux intercalés dans les dépôts alluviaux sous-jacents ont été densément occupés par les communautés humaines du Néolithique jusqu’à l’Age du Bronze et témoignent d’un changement majeur de l’exploitation des sols au Subboréal
SUOLI SEPOLTI OLOCENICI AL MARGINE APPENNINICO CENTRO-PADANO: ASPETTI GEOARCHEOLOGICI E PALEOAMBIENTALI
Get PDFThe Apennine foothills at the southern limit of the Po plain consist of a belt of coalescent, gravelly, alluvial fans, trending to the north, towards the depocenter of the plain. Their aggradation is generally considered to have been controlled by climate and linked to the glacial periods of the Middle and Upper Pleistocene. At the transition from the Upper Pleistocene to the Holocene, aggradation of most of the alluvial fans stopped and their surface was subject to weathering, which resulted in deep, rubified Alfisols. These developed mainly during the Boreal and Atlantic periods. Beginning in the Sub-Boreal period, fine-textured alluvial deposits buried the distal margin of the alluvial fans and the soils developed on them, constituting a fundamental change in the pedo-sedimentary processes. These deposits consist of fine-sized sediments of overbank facies, organized in fining upward sets and intercalated by buried Entisols, Inceptisols and Vertisols. The accumulation of floodplain sediments on the margin of the alluvial fans, after the prevailing weathering on their top, is related to the climatic change that occured between the end of the Postglacial Hypsithermal period and the beginning of the Neoglacial period.
The soils on top of the alluvial fans and in later alluvial deposits show intensive human use and occupation from the Neolithic to the early Bronze Age, and witness a significant change in land exploitation during the Atlantic/Sub-Boreal transition. During the Neolithic (Atlantic period), agricultural practices linked to shifting agriculture had minimal impact on the vegetation mantle and were limited to the plain areas. By contrast, during the Chalcolithic and the early Bronze Age (Sub-Boreal period), a rather different mode of land use was adopted, as the result of the newly introduced transhumant pastoralism. Deforestation through slash and burn techniques was very intense and widespread, extending far beyond the boundary of the plain, deep inside the mountain range, affecting the Po Plain and the adjoining Apennines and Alps. This case study presents an argument for seeing climate change and human activity – deforestation by fire, agriculture and pastoralism – as synergic phenomena that shaped the prehistoric landscape
Bricks, activity area and living floors: formation processes and palaeoenvironmental context. Preliminiray result from micromorphological analyses
No full textLe arature preistoriche di Gricignano/US Navy (Caserta): micromorfologia del suolo dagli scavi della Soprintendenza Speciale al Museo Nazionale Preistorico Etnografico “Luigi Pigorini”.
No full textStudio archeologico e analisi micromorfologica in sezione sottile dei livelli arati di Gricignano / US Navy (CE), risalenti all'Eneolitico
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