383 research outputs found
Sovereign natural disaster insurance for developing countries : a paradigm shift in catastrophe risk financing
No full textEconomic theory suggests that countries should ignore uncertainty for public investment and behave as if indifferent to risk because they can pool risks to a much greater extent than private investors can. This paper discusses the general economic theory in the case of developing countries. The analysis identifies several cases where the government's risk-neutral assumption does not hold, thus making rational the use of ex ante risk financing instruments, including sovereign insurance. The paper discusses the optimal level of sovereign insurance. It argues that, because sovereign insurance is usually more expensive than post-disaster financing, it should mainly cover immediate needs, while long-term expenditures should be financed through post-disaster financing (including ex post borrowing and tax increases). In other words, sovereign insurance should not aim at financing the long-term resource gap, but only the short-term liquidity need.Debt Markets,Hazard Risk Management,Banks&Banking Reform,Insurance&Risk Mitigation,Natural Disasters
Loss of susceptibility as a novel breeding strategy for durable and broad-spectrum resistance
No full textRecent studies on plant immunity have suggested that a pathogen should suppress induced plant defense in order to infect a plant species, which otherwise would have been a nonhost to the pathogen. For this purpose, pathogens exploit effector molecules to interfere with different layers of plant defense responses. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on plant factors that are activated by pathogen effectors to suppress plant immunity. By looking from a different point of view into host and nonhost resistance, we propose a novel breeding strategy: disabling plant disease susceptibility genes (S-genes) to achieve durable and broad-spectrum resistanc
Empowerment effects on consumers' behaviour and attitudes in the outdoor sports market
No full textBecause of consumers wake up and discover of the industrial practices, firms had to find a
new strategy to answer to the new consumers‘ wants. To face their increasing want for ethic
marketing and industry, one of the new strategies is consumers‘ empowerment. We decided to
explore the effects of this strategy on consumers of the outdoor market, a market having a strong
like for ethic and using products with a high level of technique. To explore these effects, we
choose to focus on three attitudinal variables (Attitude, Attachment, and Perceived quality) and
one behavioral variable (purchase intention). Author keywords: Empowerment, co-creation, new product development, innovation, alternative marketin
Ptilothyris porphyrea Ghesquiere. A 1940
No full text2. Ptilothyris porphyrea Ghesquière, 1940 (Figs. 5 A–G) Ptilothyris porphyrea Ghesquière, 1940b: 107. TL: DR Congo. [RMCA] Diagnosis. Adult (Fig. 5A, B). Forewing length 10.5–11.5 mm. Ptilothyris porphyrea is similar to P. purpurea Walsingham by having an orange-white hyaline patch on the hind wing, but it can be distinguished by the hind wing with more ovate patch medially and with pale-orange fringe on inner margin from basal 1/3 to near tornus. Male abdomen (Fig. 5G) has spinous zones on tergites, with a pair of shorter hair pencils on anterior margin of segment VIII, and with segment VIII similar to P. purpurea. Female abdomen is not strongly modified as in P. purpurea. The male genitalia provide a more distinct diagnostic character by the juxta, lacking two, symmetrical, long, caudal lobes that are present in P. purpurea. Male genitalia (Figs. 5 C–F). Uncus broadly expanded from base, forming a fan-shaped process, strongly convex along caudal margin. Basal plate of gnathos trifurcate, with elongate median lobe, exceeding caudal margin of uncus; lateral lobes broadly rounded. Valva elongate; costa slightly expanded dorsally near base; cucullus strongly upturned, rounded apically, costal margin slightly concave, with dense hairs around ventro-proximal margin, Ventral plate of juxta elongate-trapezoidal, with shortly produced caudal lobes. Vinculum a narrow bandlike, heavily sclerotized. Phallus slender, slightly shorter than valva, strongly curved along basal 1/3; dorsal margin sharply produced apically; cornuti consisting of a narrow sclerotized spine with a dorsal row of serration, about 1/4 the length of phallus, and a small, short apical spine. Female genitalia (Figs. 5H, I). Abdominal sternite VIII deeply emarginate medially. Ostium bursae deeply emarginate medially. Lamella postvaginalis weakly produced. Apophyses posteriores about 3/4 the length of apophyses anteriores. Antrum weakly sclerotized. Ductus bursae about 1.5 times length of corpus bursae; ductus seminalis arising from middle, as broad as 1/2 the width of anterior part in ductus bursae. Corpus bursae ovate; signum large, prolonged, more sclerotized in posterior half. Material examined. [RMCA]: 1♂ (holotype), DR Congo, written as “ P. chalibaea ”, MUSEE DU CONGO, Eala, x [19]35, J. Ghesquière, det. Ptilothyris. chalibaea Ghes., 1940, n. DET. E. 4409, gen. slide no. CIS-7092; 1♂, paratype, named as “ P. chalibaea ”, MUSEE DU CONGO, Eala, vi [19]36, R. DET. G. 4409, leg. J. Ghesquière; 1♀, paratype, “ P. chalibaea ”, MUSEE DU CONGO, Eala, vi [19]36, leg. J. Ghesquière, r. DET. F. 4409, gen. slide no. CIS-7093. Distribution. DR Congo. Remarks. The three specimens that were designated as “ holotype, paratype, and allotype ” have their labels written as Ptilothyris chalybaea Ghes., 1940. However, it was confirmed that Ghesquière himself, or possibly his technician, mislabeled “ porphyrea Ghes. ” as chalybaea Ghes., because all the data on the labels of chalybaea Ghes. are exactly written in the same way as those of porphyrea Ghes. in its description. Moreover, no name of chalybaea Ghes. could be found in the NHMUK card index (Lepindex) or any other available references. Ghesquière (1940) probably described the species with a different name, porphyrea Ghes., instead of P. chalybaea, the one he originally suggested on the label under the specimen. In the Afromoths (2018), the name of P. porphyrea Ghes. has been used as the valid name, instead of P. chalybaea. After the publication of this revision, the correct labels with the valid name should be placed on the specimens.Published as part of Park, Kyu-Tek, Mey, Wolfram, Koo, Jun-Mo, Prins, Jurate De & Cho, Soowon, 2019, Revision of the genus Ptilothyris Walsingham, 1897 (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Lecithoceridae), with descriptions of eight new species from Africa, pp. 201-235 in Zootaxa 4567 (2) on page 209, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4567.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/259485
Human and mouse non‐targeted metabolomics identify 1,5‐anhydroglucitol as SGLT2‐dependent glycemic marker
No full textsponsorship: B.A.K. was supported by a grants from the Deutsche Stiftung fur Herzforschung (DSHF)[F-43-16] and RWTH Aachen University (START); N.M. and M.L. were supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation; SFB/TRR 219; Project-ID 322900939 [M03, M05]. M.L. was supported by the Interreg V-A grant EURlipids. K.S. was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation; SFB/TRR219 C-07). K.S., N.M. and M.L. were further supported by a CORONA Foundation grant. M.F. laboratory was in part funded by EU-FP7 FLORINASH [grant agreement ID: 241913], Ministry of University (MIUR) Progetti di Ricerca di InteresseNazionale (PRIN) [protocol number 2015MPESJS_004 and 2017FM74HK], Fondazione Roma call for Non-Communicable Diseases NCD 2014, EU-FP7 EURHYTHDIA [grant agreement ID: 278397]. The funders were not involved in the design of the study; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing the report; and did not impose any restrictions regarding the publication of the report. (Deutsche Stiftung fur Herzforschung (DSHF)|F-43-16, RWTH Aachen University (START), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)|SFB/TRR 219, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)|322900939, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation)|SFB/TRR219 C-07, Interreg V-A grant EURlipids, CORONA Foundation grant, EU-FP7 FLORINASH|241913, Ministry of University (MIUR) Progetti di Ricerca di InteresseNazionale (PRIN)|2015MPESJS_004, Ministry of University (MIUR) Progetti di Ricerca di InteresseNazionale (PRIN)|2017FM74HK, Fondazione Roma call for Non-Communicable Diseases NCD 2014, EU-FP7 EURHYTHDIA|278397)status: Publishe
Anthozela anonidii , Ghesquiere 1940
No full text<i>Anthozela anonidii</i> Ghesquière, 1940 (Figs 41, 83, 110) <p> <i>Anthozela anonidii</i> Ghesquière, 1940. Annales du Musée du Congo belge (3) <b>7</b> (1): 109; pl. 3, fig. 11. Brown 2005. World Catalogue of Insects 5: 105.</p> <p> Holotype female. Label data (5): " Holotype ♀, <i>A. anonidii</i> "; "Musée du Congo, Eala viii.1936, J. Ghesquière, 3021", " <i>Olethreutes anonidii</i> (Ghesq.) 1947, révis."; " <i>Anthozela anonidii</i> Ghesq. ♀, Ghesquière 1940, Type."; " R. Dét. 1, 4512". [Not dissected, abdomen glued on card]; specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005005 (Fig. 41).</p> <p> Paratype (Allotype) male. Label data (4): " Allotype ♂, <i>A. anonidii</i> "; "Musée du Congo, Eala, ix.1936, J. Ghesquière, 3021"; " <i>Anthozela anonidii</i> Ghesq. ♂, Ghesquière 1940, Type."; " R. Dét. B, 4512". [Not dissected]; specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005006.</p> <p> Paratype 2 (♂). Label data (6): " Paratype ♂, <i>A. anonidii</i> "; "Musée du Congo, Eala, viii.1936, J. Ghesquière, 3021"; " R. Dét. C, 4512"; " ♀ "; " Paratype, <i>Anthozela anonidii</i>, Ghesquière, 1940 (male), Genital prep. LAA 98032"; " MRAC / KMMA 00339 "; specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005007.</p> <p> Paratype 3 (♀). Label data (5): " Paratype ♀, <i>A. anonidii</i> "; "Musée du Congo, Eala, viii.1936, J. Ghesquière, 3021"; " R. Dét. D, 4512"; " ♀ "; " MRAC / KMMA 00435 "; specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005008.</p> <p> Paratype 4 (♀). Label data (4): " Paratype ♀, <i>A. anonidii</i> "; "Musée du Congo, Eala, viii.1936, J. Ghesquière, 3021"; " R. Dét. D, 4512"; " ♀ ". [Not dissected]; specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005009.</p> <p> Paratype 5 (♀). Label data (4): " Paratype ♀, <i>A. anonidii</i> "; "Musée du Congo, Eala, ix.1936, J. Ghesquière, 3021"; " R. Dét. D, 4512"; " ♀ ". [Not dissected]; specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005010.</p> <p> Paratype 6 (♀). Label data (4): " Paratype ♀, <i>A. anonidii</i> "; "Musée du Congo, Eala, ix.1936, J. Ghesquière, 3021"; " R. Dét. D, 4512"; " ♀ ". [Abdomen missing]; specimen ID: RMCA ENT 000005011.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Fig. 83). Tegumen broad with large lateral group of long scent scales; socius lateroterminal, hairy valva elongate; sacculus long marked by group of short spines at the angle; neck of valva short; cucullus short hairly, with small ventral lobe; aedeagus short, broad.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Fig. 110). Anteostial sterigma vestigial, postostial sterigma small, crescent-shaped, well sclerotized; subgenital sternite small, with distinct anterior rib; sclerite of antrum slender, fairly long; ductus bursae and corpus bursae without any sclerites.</p> <p>Remark. Described from 8 specimens, of which the female holotype and 6 paratypes are present in the collection of RMCA.</p>Published as part of <i>Razowski, Józef, Aarvik, Leif & Prins, Jurate De, 2010, 2469, pp. 1-77 in Zootaxa 2469</i> on page 2
Langrune-sur-Mer (Calvados). Rue des Chasses
No full textL’occupation médiévale mise au jour à Langrune est matérialisée par une première excavation grande de 50 m sur 30 m et une plus réduite de 20 m sur 15 m. Ces deux creusements sont adossés à une voirie aménagée entre deux murs partiellement conservés. La première excavation, à fond plat, profonde d’1 m sous le sol actuel, est creusée dans le calcaire pulvérulent. Dans cet espace, plusieurs constructions ont été identifiées : un grand bâtiment compartimenté de 20 m sur 13 m, un petit bâtiment c..
A new species of Parapsilogastrus Ghesquiere (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) from Thailand
No full textVolume: 96Start Page: 451End Page: 45
A new species of Parapsilogastrus Ghesquiere (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) from Thailand
No full textThis article does not have an abstract
Density and disasters: economics of urban hazard risk
No full textToday, 370 million people live in cities in earthquake prone areas and 310 million in cities with high probability of tropical cyclones. By 2050, these numbers are likely to more than double. Mortality risk therefore is highly concentrated in many of the world’s cities and economic risk even more so. This paper discusses what sets hazard risk in urban areas apart, provides estimates of valuation of hazard risk, and discusses implications for individual mitigation and public policy. The main conclusions are that urban agglomeration economies change the cost-benefit calculation of hazard mitigation, that good hazard management is first and foremost good general urban management, and that the public sector must perform better in generating and disseminating credible information on hazard risk in cities.Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Hazard Risk Management,Urban Housing,Labor Policies
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