1,254 research outputs found
An Architecture for Diversity-aware Search for Medical Web Content
No full textObjectives: The Web provides a huge source of information, also on medical and health-related issues. In particular the content of medical social media data can be diverse due to the background of an author, the source or the topic. Diversity in this context means that a document covers different aspects of a topic or a topic is described in different ways. In this paper, we introduce an approach that allows to consider the diverse aspects of a search query when providing retrieval results to a user. Methods: We introduce a system architecture for a diversity-aware search engine that allows retrieving medical information from the web. The diversity of retrieval results is assessed by calculating diversity measures that rely upon semantic information derived from a mapping to concepts of a medical terminology. Considering these measures, the result set is diversified by ranking more diverse texts higher. Results: The methods and system architecture are implemented in a retrieval engine for medical web content. The diversity measures reflect the diversity of aspects considered in a text and its type of information content. They are used for result presentation, filtering and ranking. In a user evaluation we assess the user satisfaction with an ordering of retrieval results that considers the diversity measures. Conclusions: It is shown through the evaluation that diversity-aware retrieval considering diversity measures in ranking could increase the user satisfaction with retrieval results
Incremental Word Learning Using Large-Margin Discriminative Training and Variance Floor Estimation
No full textAyllon Clemente I, Heckmann M, Denecke A, Wrede B, Görick C. Incremental Word Learning Using Large-Margin Discriminative Training and Variance Floor Estimation. In: Proceedings INTERSPEECH. 2010
The "Nation" and "Class": European National Master-Narratives and Their Social "Other"
No full textDenecke G, Welskopp T. The "Nation" and "Class": European National Master-Narratives and Their Social "Other". In: Berger S, Lorenz C, eds. The Contested Nation, Ethnicity, Class, Religion and Gender in National Histories. Writing the nation series. Vol 3. Houndmills, Basingstoke, New York: Palgrave Macmillan; 2008: 135-170
Cognitive-behavioral therapy of pediatric headache - Are there differences in efficacy between a therapist-administered group training and a self-help format?
No full textObjective: The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral training in a therapist-administered group format (TG) and a self-help format (SH) for children with recurrent headache was compared, Methods: A total of 77 children (10-14 years) were randomly assigned to TG (n=29), SH (n=27) and a waiting-list control group (WC; n = 19). TG consisted of eight 90-min sessions with groups of five children. SH was conducted via a written manual in which instructions were given and homework tasks were assigned. In both training formats, the topics covered were identical (e.g., self-monitoring of headache, trigger analysis, relaxation, etc.). Main outcome variables related to changes in headache intensity, duration and frequency as assessed with a diary prior to and following training, as well as at 6-month follow-up. Results: Children reported a high degree of satisfaction with the training. No significant differences between the two conditions were found. Differences between treatment groups and WC were statistically corroborated for two headache variables. In both treatments, headache decreased markedly from posttraining to follow-up, with 68-76% of children reporting clinically significant improvement. No differential effects of age, gender or headache diagnosis were found. Changes in self-concept and ability to cope with stress after training point to further positive effects of the intervention. Conclusion: The efficiency of the two training formats is nearly identical. The group format, because of its better acceptance, is recommended for practical use. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved
Tomato spotted wilt virus glycoproteins induce the formation of endoplasmic reticulum- and Golgi-derived pleomorphic membrane structures in plant cells
No full textTomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) particles are spherical and enveloped, an uncommon feature among plant infecting viruses. Previous studies have shown that virus particle formation involves the enwrapment of ribonucleoproteins with viral glycoprotein containing Golgi stacks. In this study, the localization and behaviour of the viral glycoproteins Gn and Gc were analysed, upon transient expression in plant protoplasts. When separately expressed, Gc was solely observed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), whereas Gn was found both within the ER and Golgi membranes. Upon co-expression, both glycoproteins were found at ER-export sites and ultimately at the Golgi complex, confirming the ability of Gn to rescue Gc from the ER, possibly due to heterodimerization. Interestingly, both Gc and Gn were shown to induce the deformation of ER and Golgi membranes, respectively, also observed upon co-expression of the two glycoproteins. The behaviour of both glycoproteins within the plant cell and the phenomenon of membrane deformation are discussed in light of the natural process of viral infectio
The c-terminal extension of a hybrid immunoglobulin A/G heavy chain is responsible for its Golgi-mediated sorting to the vacuole
No full textWe have assessed the ability of the plant secretory pathway to handle the expression of complex heterologous proteins by investigating the fate of a hybrid immunoglobulin A/G in tobacco cells. Although plant cells can express large amounts of the antibody, a relevant proportion is normally lost to vacuolar sorting and degradation. Here we show that the synthesis of high amounts of IgA/G does not impose stress on the plant secretory pathway. Plant cells can assemble antibody chains with high efficiency and vacuolar transport occurs only after the assembled immunoglobulins have traveled through the Golgi complex. We prove that vacuolar delivery of IgA/G depends on the presence of a cryptic sorting signal in the tailpiece of the IgA/G heavy chain. We also show that unassembled light chains are efficiently secreted as monomers by the plant secretory pathway
Unary operations with long pre-periods
No full textAbstractIt is well known that the congruence lattice ConA of an algebra A is uniquely determined by the unary polynomial operations of A (see e.g. [K. Denecke, S.L. Wismath, Universal Algebra and Applications in Theoretical Computer Science, Chapman & Hall, CRC Press, Boca Raton, London, New York, Washington DC, 2002 [2]]). Let A be a finite algebra with |A|=n. If Imf=A or |Imf|=1 for every unary polynomial operation f of A, then A is called a permutation algebra. Permutation algebras play an important role in tame congruence theory [D. Hobby, R. McKenzie, The structure of finite algebras, Contemporary Mathematics, vol. 76, Providence, Rhode Island, 1988 [3]]. If f:A→A is not a permutation then A⊃Imf and there is a least natural number λ(f) with Imfλ(f)=Imfλ(f)+1. We consider unary operations with λ(f)=n-1 for n⩾2 and λ(f)=n-2 for n⩾3 and look for equivalence relations on A which are invariant with respect to such unary operations. As application we show that every finite group which has a unary polynomial operation with one of these properties is simple or has only normal subgroups of index 2
Supplemental material for Iterative CT reconstruction in abdominal low-dose CT used for hybrid SPECT-CT applications: effect on image quality, image noise, detectability, and reader’s confidence
No full textSupplemental Material for Iterative CT reconstruction in abdominal low-dose CT used for hybrid SPECT-CT applications: effect on image quality, image noise, detectability, and reader’s confidence by Oliver S Grosser, Juri Ruf, Dennis Kupitz, Damian Czuczwara, David Loewenthal, Markus Thormann, Christian Furth, Jens Ricke, Timm Denecke, Maciej Pech, Michael C Kreissl and Holger Amthauer in Acta Radiologica Open</p
Hypothesis-based image segmentation for object learning and recognition
No full textDenecke A. Hypothesis-based image segmentation for object learning and recognition. Bielefeld: Universität Bielefeld; 2010.This thesis addresses the figure-ground segmentation problem in the context of complex systems for automatic object recognition as well as for the online and interactive acquisition of visual representations. First the problem of image segmentation in general terms and next its importance for object learning in current state-of-the-art systems is introduced. Secondly a method using artificial neural networks is presented. This approach on the basis of Generalized Learning Vector Quantization is investigated in challenging scenarios such as the real-time figure-ground segmentation of complex shaped objects under continuously changing environment conditions. The ability to fulfill these requirements characterizes the novelty of the approach compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Finally our technique is extended towards online adaption of model complexity and the integration of several segmentation cues. This yields a framework for object segmentation that is applicable to improve current systems for visual object learning and recognition
Clausal Relations and C-clones
No full textWe introduce a special set of relations on a finite set, called clausal relations. A restricted version of the Galois connection between polymorphisms and invariants, called Pol-CInv, is studied, where the invariant relations are clausal relations. Clones arising from this Galois connection, so-called C-clones, are investigated. Finally, we show that clausal relations meet a sufficient condition that is known to ensure polynomial time solvability of the corresponding CSP
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