181 research outputs found
Evaluation of physicochemical characteristics, color and volatile profile of low alcohol beverage based on concentrated white wine produced by NF and RO membranes
No full textMembrane-based technologies have emerged as vital methods for reducing or removing ethanol in winemaking. This study evaluates the efficacy of nanofiltration (NF-DK) and reverse osmosis (RO-SG) membranes in ethanol reduction for white wine, focusing on permeate flux behavior, fouling index, permeability, ethanol rejection rates, and retention of essential wine components. Experiments were conducted at 21 degrees C, achieving a weight reduction factor (WRF) of 4. The RO-SG membrane experienced a significant decline (78.2 %) in flux over 247 min to achieve WRF 4, whereas the NF-DK membrane exhibited a lesser flux decline of 49.2 %, reaching WRF 4 in just 40 min. Despite the higher ethanol rejection achieved by RO-SG (16.3 %) compared to NF-DK (1.8 %), ROSG demonstrated greater retention of critical compounds, including citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, total acidity, glycerol, dry extract, and key volatile compounds. The produced low-alcohol wines, RO(B) (3.07 % v/v) and NF(B) (2.50 % v/v), showed significant physicochemical changes. Colorimetric analysis revealed deeper red hues and greater color intensity in RO(B) (0.28) compared to NF(B) (0.19) and the original wine (0.23), with a Delta E of 3.26 for RO(B), indicating pronounced visual deviations. Moreover, the retention of volatile compounds was substantially higher in RO(B) (55 %) compared to NF(B) (28 %), highlighting substantial differences in aroma and flavor. These findings highlight the potential of membrane-based approaches for ethanol reduction while emphasizing their impact on key quality parameters, providing valuable insights for the scalable production of low-alcohol wines with controlled compositional attributes
Characterization of olive mill wastewater fractions treatment by integrated membrane process
No full textBACKGROUND: Up to now, the management of olive mill wastewaters, a three-phase mill by-product, remains an unsolved problem, in particular for those regions where huge quantities of vegetable water are produced. Olive mill wastewaters were therefore treated to evaluate the characteristics of permeate and retentate fractions produced by an integrated membrane systemworking at two different volume concentration factors.
RESULTS: The effect of two membrane-based filtration steps (microfiltration and nanofiltration) on the content of chemical oxygen demand, dry matter, sensory quality, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of permeate and retentate samples was evaluated. Furthermore, the effect of two different volume concentration factors (VCF), in the nanofiltration step, were investigated. At high VCF values, the total phenolic content in the retentate fraction was found to be 3.7-fold higher than the starting one, while the reduction of chemical oxygen demand in the permeate fraction was greater than 97%also at lower VCF values.
CONCLUSION: Each filtration step has provided useful information concerning the utility and appropriateness of the processes chosen, suggesting a sustainable hypothesis of ‘normal industrial practice’ that can be included in current processes of oil extraction, in order to purify water and recover phenolic compounds with high added value
Enhancing Ethanol Removal from Wine: A Comparative Study of Reverse Osmosis, Nanofiltration and Osmotic Distillation
No full textA new physical-chemical process for the efficient production of cellulose fibers from Spanish Broom (Spartium junceum L.)
No full textA novel and efficient method for the extraction of cellulose fibers from Spanish broom(Spartium junceum L.)
is presented. The method is based on the sequential combination between an initial chemical stage (alkaline
digestion) and a subsequent physical–chemical stage, consisting of compression with hot air in an
autoclave followed by rapid decompression (DiCoDe process, digestion–compression–decompression).
The alkaline mother liquor deriving from the initial digestion step can be conveniently recycled after centrifugation
followed by ultrafiltration. The process is characterized by the production of fibers with excellent
physical–chemical properties, such as high mechanical resistance and high elasticity, and rapid
production times. The fibers obtained after the DiCoDe process can be further softened and whitened
by means of enzymatic digestion.
Fibers were morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while their composition
and physical–chemical properties were determined by conventional methods, including colorimetry,
TAPPI protocols, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry
Evaluating membrane behavior to ethanol-water mixtures and wine: a comparative investigation
No full textIn this study the performance of three nanofiltration membranes (TS 40, NF99, HL) and one reverse osmosis membrane (RO-SE) while filtering ethanol-water mixtures (0–10.5% v/v) and a white wine (10.5% v/v) was evaluated. The experiments were conducted using water, ethanol-water mixtures, and white wine at varying pressure (0–20 bar, 21 ± 1 °C) to explore the impact of pressure on permeate flux and permeability. Further tests were performed with white wine and ethanol-water mixture (10.5% v/v) at pressure 20 bar and 21 ± 1 °C up to volume reduction factor of 4 to evaluate performance (based on permeate flux, permeability, fouling index, ethanol rejection and retention of selected compounds) of different membrane. Among the investigated membranes the HL membrane exhibited the highest permeate flux consistently across varying operational pressures, showcasing superior permeability. HL and NF99 membranes showed greater effectiveness in reducing the alcohol content in wine, with ethanol rejection rates of 5.14% and 5.46%, respectively. Conversely, RO-SE (10.64%) and TS 40 (18.30%) exhibited the highest ethanol rejection rate. The fouling index for all the membranes ranged between 22.5 and 43.5%. In addition to this NF and HL also showed highest rejection towards reducing sugars (>90%), glucose (>80%), fructose (>88%), citric acid (>88%) and tartaric acid (>89%) in dealcoholized wine. Overall, HL and NF99 membranes appear to be the most effective options for wine dealcoholization
A membrane-assisted green strategy for purifying bioactive compounds from extracted white wine lees
No full text[EN] This work was aimed at investigating the recovery of wine-derived bioactive compounds from white wine lees through a combination of hydroalcoholic extraction and membrane-based operations, as a potential alternative for winery wastewater treatment and valorisation.
Hydroalcoholic extracts obtained in selected conditions of solid¿liquid ratio, extraction time and working temperature (1:10, 25 % and 32 ± 2 °C, respectively) were previously clarified by ultrafiltration (UF) in order to produce a clarified solution free of suspended solids and colloidal substances. The concentration of bioactive compounds from the clarified extract was investigated by using three different spiral-wound NF membranes with molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) in the range of 200¿1000 Da (TS40, XN45 and NP010, all from Microdyn-Nadir); their performance was analysed in terms of productivity, fouling index and retention towards target compounds (polyphenols, flavonoids, sugars) and antioxidant activity.
Low molecular weight polyphenols (i.e. gallic acid, catechin, vanillic acid, epicatechin and caffeic acid) were highly rejected by the selected membranes despite their difference in MWCO; on the other hand, the rejection index for total phenolic content (TPC), flavonoids and glucose was in agreement with the MWCO. The TS40 membrane, with a lowest cut-off (200¿300 Da), showed the highest rejection for flavonoids (100 %) and rejections for total phenolic compounds of 85 % resulting in concentrated fractions containing 1.7 g of gallic acid equivalents per liter (GAE/L); most of the components analysed in the retentate samples showed a concentration factor of approximately 3.5 in agreement with the weight reduction factor of the NF process. The analysis of fouling mechanisms according to the Hermia¿s model revealed that the cake filtration mechanism was the predominant one for all selected NF membranes.The author Esperanza M. Garcia-Castello, acknowledges the Conselleria for Innovation, Universities, Science and Digital Society of the Generalitat Valenciana, for the grant CIBEST/2021/222. Masseria Falvo
1727 (Saracena, Cosenza, Italy) which provided the raw material used in this study is also kindly acknowledged.Garcia-Castello, EM.; Conidi, C.; Cassano, A. (2024). A membrane-assisted green strategy for purifying bioactive compounds from extracted white wine lees. Separation and Purification Technology. 336:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2023.126183S11033
Assessment of the polyphenol recovery from white wine lees via non-ionic polymeric resins
No full text[EN] Wine lees, a significant by-product of the wine industry, are an underutilized but valuable resource for nutraceutical recovery, as they are rich in bioactive compounds, particularly polyphenols. This study introduces a
novel and eco-friendly method for extracting and purifying polyphenols from white grape wine lees. Solid-liquid
extraction was conducted using water and a 25 % w/w ethanol-water hydroalcoholic solution, resulting in
aqueous (Aq) and hydroalcoholic (HA) extracts. Five food-grade, non-ionic polymeric resins (XAD7HP,
XAD16HP, MN202, PAD900, and PAD950) were evaluated for polyphenol purification. Resin MN202 emerged as
the most effective for this purpose.
Under static conditions with the Aqueous extract, the MN202 resin achieved an adsorption ratio (AR) of up to
60.5 % and a desorption ratio of 97.9 %, yielding a total adsorption-desorption efficiency (TADY) of 59.2 %. In
contrast, the TADY for glucose and fructose was minimal at just 0.36 % and 11.25 %, respectively, highlighting
the resin¿s high selectivity for separating polyphenols from sugars. Adsorption isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich,
Sips, and Redlich-Peterson) followed the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating monolayer adsorption. Both
adsorption and desorption conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetics, dominated by multilayer intraparticle
diffusion. Under dynamic conditions, polyphenol recovery decreased to 44 %, though the purified polyphenols
remained suitable for high-value applications. Overall, this process potentially provides a promising and sustainable approach for recovering polyphenols from wine lees, with strong potential for scaling and use in nutraceutical and antioxidant products.The author Martina Gagliano ` acknowledges the University of Calabria and POR
Calabria-FSE/FESR 2014 2020. The author Esperanza M. GarciaCastello acknowledges the Conselleria for Innovation, Universities, Science and Digital Society of the Generalitat Valenciana, for the grant CIBEST/2021/222.Gaglianò, M.;Rodríguez López, Antonio Diego;Conidi, C.;Cassano, A.;De Luca, G.;Garcia-Castello, Esperanza M. (2025). Assessment of the polyphenol recovery from white wine lees via non-ionic polymeric resins. Journal of Food Engineering. 397:1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2025.112576S11739
Purification of artichoke polyphenols by using membrane filtration and polymeric resins
No full textThe present study aimed at evaluating the potential of an integrated process based on the use of membrane technology and adsorbent resins for the recovery, concentration and purification of phenolic compounds from artichoke wastewaters.
In particular, artichoke wastewaters coming from the blanching step were pre-treated by ultrafiltration (UF) in order to remove suspended solids and macromolecular compounds. The UF permeate was submitted to a nanofiltration (NF) process producing a concentrated fraction enriched in phenolic and sugar compounds.
Three different macroporous resins were tested through adsorption/desorption methods to produce purified phenolic fractions with high antioxidant activity. Samples produced in UF, NF and adsorption desorption tests were assayed for phenolic composition (chlorogenic acid and apigenin 7-O-glucoside), sugar composition (fructose, glucose and sucrose) and antioxidant activity.
Among the three different tested resins, the S 7968 offered the best performance in terms of adsorption/desorption ratio for chlorogenic acid, with a total adsorption/desorption yield (TADY) of 63.39%; for the apigenin 7-O-glucoside the S 7968 and the S 2328 resins showed a TADY in the range 68.31-78.45%. (c) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Authors acknowledge the Vicerrectorado de Investigacion of the "Universitat Politecnica de Valencia" for the financial support (project 1965) from the call "Proyectos de Nuevas Lineas de Investigacion Mul-tidisciplinares (PAID05-11)".Conidi, C.; Rodríguez López, AD.; Garcia-Castello, EM.; Cassano, A. (2015). Purification of artichoke polyphenols by using membrane filtration and polymeric resins. Separation and Purification Technology. 144(1):153-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2015.02.025S153161144
La liofilizzazione quale intervento di recupero di volumi alluvionati ed attaccati da Microfunghi
No full textNegli ultimi venti anni diversi trattamenti di liofilizzazione di massa sono stati utilizzati
e documentati nel caso di materiali librari danneggiati da alluvioni o andati
sommersi. Il trattamento permette di evitare l’adesione dei fogli cartacei gli uni agli
altri e previene la migrazione di inchiostri o altri composti solubili. Lo scopo del
presente lavoro riguarda gli effetti della liofilizzazione sui funghi biodeteriogeni
che attaccano la carta bagnata. Su campioni di carta infettati con tre specie di funghi
e sottoposti a tre differenti trattamenti (liofilizzazzione, sterilizzazione con il
calore, controllo vitale non trattato) sono stati effettuati due test di vitalità: un test
colturale e l’analisi del contenuto in ATP. La liofilizzazione ha comportato rispetto
al controllo una diminuzione sensibile del contenuto in ATP di tutti e tre i ceppi
fungini ed in modo più marcato nel C.cladosporioides e nel T.viridae rispetto al C.globosum.
Una significativa differenza è stata registrata inoltre fra dato colturale e contenuto
in ATP. Ciò si deve al diverso effetto nocivo che ha la liofilizzazione nei confronti
del micelio fungino rispetto ai conidi ed alle ascospore. Sembra cioè che la
liofilizzazione sia capace di uccidere o di deprimere il micelio e solo in parte i
conidi e le spore
Optimization of conventional and ultrasound assisted extraction of flavonoids from grapefruit (Citrus paradisi L.) solid wastes
No full textFlavonoid compounds from grapefruit wastes were obtained by conventional solid liquid extraction (CE) and ultrasound assisted extraction (USE). Naringin was by far the most abundant flavonoid in the extracts ranging from 18 to 28 mg/g dw for CE and 24-36 mg/g dw for USE. Response surface methodology allowed obtaining predictive models for total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) as a function of the process variables ethanol concentration (Etc) (defined as weight of ethanol/weight of solution), temperature (T) and time (t) with reasonable success (CE-TPC, R-2 = 0.86, CE-TAA, R-2 = 0.85; USE-TPC, R-2 = 0.82; USE, TAA, R-2 = 0.86). USE was very effective when compared with conventional solvent extraction, allowing higher extraction yields (on average TPC 50% and TAA 66% higher) with lower temperatures and extraction times. Although the optimum process conditions indicate the use of a low ethanol concentration and ultrasounds (T = 25 degrees C, EtC = 0.4 (g/g) (40 g/100 g) and t = 55 min leading to TPC = 80.0 mg GAE/g dw and TAA = 38.3 mmol trolox/g dw), it has been proved that an USE treatment free of organic solvent (EtC = 0 g/g), at moderate temperature (25 degrees C) and short time (t = 3 min) leads to similar results (TPC = 753 mg GAE/g dw and TAA = 31.9 mmol trolox/g dw), suggesting its use for economic and environmental purposes.The authors acknowledge the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (Spain) for its financial support through the project 1965 (PAID05-11).Garcia-Castello, EM.; Rodríguez López, AD.; Mayor López, L.; Ballesteros, R.; Conidi, C.; Cassano, A. (2015). Optimization of conventional and ultrasound assisted extraction of flavonoids from grapefruit (Citrus paradisi L.) solid wastes. Food Science and Technology. 64(2):1114-1122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2015.07.024S1114112264
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