172 research outputs found
Incorporación de aceites poliinsaturados, alfatocoferol y minerales en pienso: Efectos sobre la composición y oxidación lipídica de plasma, hígado y carne de conejo
No full text[spa] En la presente Tesis Doctoral se estudió el efecto de la incorporación de aceites poliinsaturados, α-tocoferol y minerales en piensos sobre la composición en ácidos grasos, el contenido en α-tocoferol, la oxidación (índice del ATB) y la susceptibilidad a la oxidación (método inducido del naranja de xylenol) de plasma, hígado y carne de conejo. También se estudiarion los efectos de la cocción y la conservación a refrigeración de la carne cocida sobre estos parámetros. En un primer estudio se ensayaron diferentes dosis y tipos (girasol y linaza) de grasas en pienso, y la suplementación de la dieta con AT (100 mg/kg). Dosis y tipo de aceite, así como la suplementación con AT modificaron la composición en AG de plasma, hígado y carne, tanto por incorporación de AG de la dieta, como por modificación de la biosíntesis de ciertos AG. También alteraron la oxidación (índice del ATB) y la susceptibilidad a la oxidación (índice del naranja de xilenol o FOX) de plasma, hígado y carne de conejo. Cocción y refrigeración produjeron incrementos en la oxidación de la carne, que fueron menores tras suplementar las dietas con AT, siendo esto menos efectivo cuando los piensos contenían un 3% de linaza. El contenido en α-tocoferol del plasma fue indictivo del contenido en α-tocoferol de hígado y carne, y de su estado oxidativo. La cocción y la refrigeración de la carne cocida implicaron una pérdida de α-tocoferol y un incremento en la oxidación de la carne. La evaluación de la susceptibilidad a la oxidación mediante el método inducido del naranja de xilenol fue un buen predictor de la oxidación alcanzada tras la cocción. Entre los tratamientos estudiados, el que ofreció una composición en AG nutricionalmente más favorable y una mejor estabilidad oxidativa fue el que contenía 1,5% de linaza y 100 mg/kg de AT. En el segundo estudio se ensayaron diferentes niveles de oxidación en el aceite añadido a los piensos (sin oxidar, alto contenido en compuestos de oxidación primaria, y alto contenido en compuestos de oxidación secundaria), y la suplementación con AT y con Zn. La incorporación de aceites oxidados a los piensos no modificó de forma sustancial la composición en AG de plasma, hígado y carne de conejo, ni su oxidación. Sin embargo, cuando el aceite presentaba un alto contenido en compuestos de oxidación primaria, se redujo el contenido en αT en ellos, y aumentó la oxidabilidad en carne de conejo. Ésta fue reducida por la suplementación con AT, pero de forma menos efectiva cuando el aceite del pienso presentaba un alto contenido en compuestos de oxidación primaria. El contenido en Zn, Fe o Se en la carne no se modificó por los factores estudiados, pero la suplementación con Zn redujo en contenido en Cu en la carne, aunque esto no afectó a su oxidación. Tal como sucedió en el primer estudio, la cocción y la refrigeración aumentaron la oxidación en la carne, pero los valores de ATB alcanzados fueron menores que en el primer estudio. La evaluación de la susceptibilidad a la oxidación en carne cruda mediante el método inducido del naranja de xilenol fue indicativa de la oxidación alcanzada en la carne tras la cocción.[eng] The effects of the addition of different doses and sources (sunflower and linseed oil) of polyunsaturated oils to rabbit feeds, as well as the dietary supplementation with α-tocopheryl acetate (TA) on the fatty acid composition, the α-tocopherol content, the oxidation (TBA value) and the susceptibility to oxidation (FOX value) of rabbit plasma, liver and meat were assessed. The fatty acid composition of rabbit plasma, liver and meat was modified by the dose and source of oil added to feeds, and the dietary supplementation with TA, both by direct incorporation of fatty acids from diets and by the modification of some biosynthetic pathways. Also, liver and meat oxidation and susceptibility to oxidation were altered. Cooking and refrigeration of cooked meat decreased its α-tocoferol content and increased its TBA value. This increase was lower in meats from TA supplemented diets. From the studied diets, the 1.5% linseed oil (plus 1.5% animal fat) and 100 mg/kg of TA was the diet that produced meat with a more nutritionally favorable fatty acid composition and a better oxidative stability. In a second study, the effects of the addition of oils with a different oxidation level (not oxidized, high content of primary oxidation compounds or high content of secondary oxidation compounds) to rabbit feeds on the fatty acid composition, α-tocopherol content, oxidation (TBA value) and susceptibility to oxidation (FOX value) were assessed. Also, the effects of the dietary supplementation with TA and zinc were assessed. The incorporation of oxidized oils to feeds did not substantially alter the fatty acid composition of rabbit plasma, liver and meat, but when oil presented a high content of primary oxidation compounds it led to a reduced α-tocopherol content in rabbit plasma, liver and meat, as well as to an increase in meat susceptibility to oxidation. This was reduced by the dietary supplementation with TA, but it was less effective than when the oil added to feeds was not oxidized or contained a high content of secondary oxidation compounds
A monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes m6A nucleoside
No full textA hybridoma against the nucleoside m6A has been obtained from mouse spleen. This hybridoma was named H65 and it secretes monoclonal antibodies anti-m6A. The competition assays showed that the monoclonal antibody was highly specific for m6A nucleoside.This work was supported by PGC grant no PB92-0004. C. Codony was recipient of a fellowship from PGC.Peer Reviewe
Biochar-based polymeric film as sustainable and efficient sorptive phase for preconcentration of steroid hormones in environmental waters and wastewaters
No full textEvaluation of total hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol in extra virgin olive oils
No full textOlive oil phenolic compounds have been correlated to several health benefits. Nevertheless, the use of such information for commercial purposes was forbidden until 2006, when a European Regulation on health claims in food products was enacted (Reg. 1924/2006). In the case of olive oil, Regulation 432/2012 states that the health effect can be claimed only if the oil contains more than 5 mg of hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives (e.g., oleuropein complex and tyrosol) in 20 g of oil. The present work deals with the optimization of a method for performing hydrolysis after the extraction of polyphenols from olive oil was optimized, followed by derivatization and gas chromatographic analysis. The derivatization step was carefully optimized comparing different reagents and testing their efficiency, both on a standard solution and in a real sample conveniently spiked. Some commercial samples were analyzed and the results compared with the total amount of polyphenols calculated according the recommended method reported by the International Olive Council. A good correlation was obtained between the two methods (higher than 0.900)
A second-step splicing activity is conserved from yeast to human
No full textWe describe a defective HeLa nuclear extract which is particularly deficient in step 2 of splicing reaction. With this extract we have studied the conservation of a second-step activity from yeast to human cells. We detected a S. cerevisiae second-step splicing activity that allows restoration of step 2 of the defective HeLa nuclear extract, which indicates that yeast purified fraction has a second-step activity that is conserved from yeast to human cells. The activity is a yeast UsnRNP protein(s) since it is purified with anti-tri-methylguanosine by immunoaffinity columns.This work was supported by PGC Grant No. PB92-0004 and an Alexander von Humboldt Foundation grant. C. Codony was the recipient of a fellowship from PGC; R.B. Cicarelli was the recipient from a fellowship from CAPES and Spanish MEC; A. Khaouja was the recipient of a fellowship from the Moroccan government.Peer Reviewe
Sewage biogas efficient purification by means of lignocellulosic waste-based activated carbons
No full textThe present paper evaluates the efficiency of sustainable activated carbons obtained from the valorization of lignocellulosic waste in removing siloxanes and volatile organic compounds for the purification of anaerobic digester biogas. Pyrolized and non-pyrolized lignocellulosic residues generated in food and wood industries were used as precursor materials to obtain experimental adsorbents by a chemical activation process using several activating agents. The highest porosity was obtained by non-pyrolized residue activated by K2CO3 at 900 °C. The performance of the experimental materials was compared with that of commercial activated carbons in gas adsorption tests of siloxanes (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and hexamethyldisiloxane) and volatile organic compounds (toluene and limonene). The waste-based activated carbons developed in this work proved to be more efficient for the removal of both siloxanes and VOCs than the commercial samples in most of the conditions tested. Adsorption capacities correlated with porosity, while the more relevant pore size depends on the adsorbateThis work was funded by MINECO – Spain (CTQ2014-53718-R) co-funded by FEDER
and University of Girona. Eric Santos-Clotas thanks Universitat de Girona for his
predoctoral grant (IFUdG-2015/51). Alba Cabrera-Codony acknowledges support from
the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the
Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 712949 (TECNIOspring PLUS) and from
the Agency for Business Competitiveness of the Government of Catalonia (TECSPR16-
1-0045). LEQUIA has been recognized as consolidated research group by the Catalan
Government (2017-SGR-1552
Co-activation of STAT3 and YES-Associated Protein 1 (YAP1) Pathway in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC
No full textThe efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is limited by adaptive activation of cell survival signals. We hypothesized that both signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Src-YES-associated protein 1 (YAP1) signaling are dually activated during EGFR TKI treatment to limit therapeutic response
Preparation of N2, N2,7-trimethylguanosine affinity columns
No full text2,2,7-trimethylguanosine (TMG) binding proteins from human cells were purified through TMG-affinity columns. TMG synthesis was improved and the TMG obtained was shown to be similar to the TMG in the 5' cap of the UsnRNAs. The eluates obtained with TMG-affinity chromatographies were very different from those isolated with m7G-affinity columns, thus suggesting that specific TMG- binding proteins were obtained. The fraction may be enriched with factors associated with import and/or hypermethylation of UsnRNPs.This work was supported by PGC grant no PB92-0004, and partially by a grant from the Marató TV3 and Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer. We also thank the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for providing initial help with several equipment. We thank J.M. Barrios. X. Jimenez and R. Perez for technical assistance, and all members of the M. Bach-Elias group for comments about the manuscript. C. Codony was the recipient of a fellowship from PGC; R.B. Cicarelli was the recipient from a fellowship from CAPES and Spanish MEC; A. Khaouja was the recipient of a fellowship from the Moroccan government and Diana Bahia was recipient of a CNPq fellow. We also thank Marti Cullell for revising the manuscript.Peer Reviewe
Caracterizacion de la calidad y seguridad de subproductos grasos de la cadena alimentaria para su uso en piensos
No full textGli autori di questo lavoro spiegano l’obiettivo del programma Feeding Fats Safety, il quale cerca di individuare i livelli di qualità e sicurezza dei grassi ad uso zootecnico, ottenuti come sotto-prodotti e co-prodotti della filiera alimentare. Si riportano gli effetti dell’utilizzo di questi grassi, a diverso livello di acidi grassi trans, contaminanti (diossine e composti diossino-simili), idrocarburi policiclici aromatici e ossidazione, sulla qualità delle carni e fegati di specie avicunicole. Questo programma intende stabilire quali sono gli usi più adatti per questi grassi, a fin di evitare problemi di inquinamento ambientale o processi di recupero troppo onerosi
SRC and PIM1 as potential co-targets to overcome resistance in MET deregulated non-small cell lung cancer
No full textBackground: The role of MET alterations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is increasing and several targeted agents are under evaluation. MET exon 14 skipping mutations and MET amplifications are associated with potential sensitivity to MET inhibition, though resistance mechanisms are emerging. In MET addicted cells, MET inhibition leads to activation of proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus-1 (PIM1). PIM1 and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (SRC) can regulate the expression of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), potentially inducing resistance to MET inhibition through cross-activation. Methods: We evaluated the activity of class I-II MET inhibitors, the SRC inhibitor dasatinib, and pan-PIM inhibitors in four MET addicted cell lines. We assessed the effect of the dual MET/PIM and MET/ SRC inhibition on cell viability and at the protein level. We evaluated RNA expression profiles of the cell lines. Advanced NSCLCs were also screened for MET alterations. Results: All cell lines were sensitive to class I-II MET inhibitors. All cell lines were resistant to single PIM and SRC inhibition. Dual MET/PIM inhibition was synergistic or additive in MET amplified cell lines and dual MET/SRC inhibition was highly synergistic in all MET addicted cell lines. The addition of an SRC inhibitor partially prevents the RTKs cross-activation. MET alterations were found in 9 out of 97 evaluable samples (9.3%); median overall survival in MET altered patients was 5 months (95% CI, 3 m-NA). Conclusions: We identified a potential role of PIM inhibition in MET amplified tumors and of SRC inhibition in MET addicted tumors. Potential applications of this new treatment strategy warrant further evaluation
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