1,683 research outputs found
Limonium strictissimum Arrigoni
No full textLimonium strictissimum (Salzm.) Arrigoni − Côte de l’Ile Cavallo, très nombreux pieds, certains très grands, sur le sable des criques exposées au sud et au nord-est ainsi que sur les rochers proches de ces criques, 15.3.201 4, Delage A., F. Médail, G. Paradis, C. Piazza C. & J. Rosselo s.n. (Hb. privé Paradis). Ces localisations sont à ajouter aux stations déjà connues de ce statice endémique cyrno-sarde protégé (ARRIGONI & DIANA, Candollea 48: 631-677, 1993; PARADIS & PIAZZA, J. Bot. Soc. Bot. Fr. 23: 31-41, 2003; PARADIS, Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest, n.s. 36: 151-158, 2005; TISON, Candollea 67: 316, 2012). Cette espèce mérite dès lors davantage le statut de fréquence R (rare) plutôt que RR (très rare).Published as part of Jeanmonod, Daniel, 2015, Notes à la flore de Corse, XXV, pp. 109-140 in Candollea 70 (1) on page 135, DOI: 10.15553/c2015v701a10, http://zenodo.org/record/572089
In un diverso Stato? L’azione delle Fondazioni di Origine Bancaria durante l’emergenza Covid, tra continuità e discontinuità di Paola Arrigoni e Davide Caselli
No full textThe article aims to investigate the transformation of the role of the main
Italian philanthropic-financial actors - the foundations of banking origin (FOBs)-
in the policy-making within the emergency context of the syndemic. To do this, in
the first part we present the four features characterising FOBs’ relation with public
policy before the outbreak of the syndemic, namely: 1) their capacity to intervene
rapidly; 2) their innovation capacity; 3) their willingness to participate in the policy-
making on an equal standing with the public actors; 4) their pretence of having
greater ideational capacity, effectiveness and efficiency than the public actors. In the
second part, relying on data and analyses of the discourses produced by the Fob,
we analyse whether and how these four elements have changed during the syndemic
and the impact of these shifts on FOBs’ legitimation in the policy-making process.
The concluding section highlights: a) the continuity between pre- and post-syndemic
with respect to the tension between their capacity for emergency action and
their capacity to elaborate long-term visions and strategies; b) the need to think
about the action of the FOBs as part of the overall redefinition of the boundaries
and roles between the public and private sectors, dating back to the 1990s; c) some
ideas for future research
MODULATION OF PORE GATING BY ¿SENSOR¿ DOMAINS IN VOLTAGE-GATED K+ CHANNELS.
No full textMany proteins in nature show a modular topology, because it is possible to recognize functional modules responsible of distinguishable functions in the protein. Voltage-gated can be considered modular proteins. The superfamily of voltage-gated channels is composed of channels in which a pore-module is in charge of generating an ion conductance across the cell membrane, and other “sensor”-modules perceive different stimuli and transmit them to the pore, readjusting the conductance in response to changes within the cell. The sensor module in voltage-gated channels is the voltage sensing domain. It is composed of four transmembrane segments and it is able to feel the electrical properties of the membrane, such as changes in potential and, through a mechanical load applied by a short linker, to affect the gating of the pore (i.e. opening or closure of the channel). A more sophisticated regulation is possible thanks to other modules fused to the same channel. Ligand-gated channels usually exhibit a C-terminal domain exposed in the cytoplasm, in contact with all the variable concentration of second messengers, able to modulate the activity of the channel. In this group, cyclic nucleotide-gated channels have a C-terminal domain, composed of a binding domain (CNBD) that respond to difference in concentration of cAMP or cGMP, and a C-linker region, connecting the CNBD to the pore. The CNBD acts as an allosteric domain, and modulate the channel opening upon cAMP binding.The idea that these domains evolved independently before fusing in a single protein, is strengthened by the fact that similar domains are found in a large variety of proteins, that don’t belong to channels family. For example, recently, a new enzyme was discovered, the voltage-sensing phosphatase (VSP) of Ciona intestinalis, whose voltage-sensor domain is fused to a phosphatase. The CNBD of the hyperpolarized cyclic nucleotide-activated channels (HCN), has a conserved structure compared to that of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases. My PhD thesis addresses two different topics, but in both cases I investigated how sensor-modules can give a sophisticated regulation of channel gating. In the first part, I approached the problem about how voltage-dependence originated in voltage-gated channels, in particular I obtained a voltage-gated K + channel fusing two unrelated protein modules: the voltage sensing domain of Ci-VSP and the pore-channel PBCV-1 Kcv. The fusion between a voltage sensor and a potassium channel with a quasi-ohmic behaviour generates a chimaeric protein called KvSynth1, an delayed outward rectifier potassium channel. KvSynth1 retains the pore properties of Kcv (selectivity and filter gating) and the voltage dependence of the Ci-VSP (half activation potential, slope factor, shift of activation curve due to mutations). Moreover, the quality of the rectification is dependent on the length of the
linker between the two modules. This highlights a mechanic role of the linker in transmitting the movement of the sensor to the pore, and shows that electromechanical coupling can occur without co-evolution of the two domains. In the second part, the allosteric modulation of the cyclic nucleotide binding domain of HCN channels has been studied on the basis of our findings in the crystal structure of the CNBD of the isoform 4 of HCN (hyperpolarized cyclic nucleotide-activated) channels. HCN are the molecular determinant of the If current, responsible of the autonomic regulation of the heart. In the structure of HCN4 CNBD a putative binding site for cyclic nucleotides in the C-linker region was found. Occupancy of this binding site by the prokaryote second messenger c-di-GMP can completely revert the effect of cAMP in the micromolar range. Docking a large set of molecules in the binding pocket, another compound was identified, (N’-biphenyl-2-yl-N-[1-(3-cyanobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl]-N-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)urea), able to give the same effect on cAMP modulation. The effect of these molecules is restricted to HCN4; this isoform selectivity underlies that, although the C-terminus of the three isoforms is structured in a similar way, the modulation can be different. Some different features of HCN1, HCN2 and HCN4 were already analysed previously. These results highlight the presence of an second modulatory pathway in HCN channels, indicate a potential drug binding site for heart rate modulation and advance understanding of the mechanism of efficacy of cAMP binding in HCN channels
Una clausola maniliana in Prudenzio (C. Symm. I 279)
No full textIn C. Symm. I 279 Prudentius, criticizing paganism and emperors' habit of following pagan gods and their omens for war, echoes Manilius' Astronomica (I 791): with socio per bella Nerone Manilius refers to Livius Salinator's consulship colleague, Claudius Nero, whereas the plural Nerones in Prudentius' Contra Symmachum is used by the poet probably alluding to Hor. Carm. IV 4, 28-29. The first part of Manilius' verse, with the reference to Livius Salinator and Hasdrubal, however, resembles Sil. Pun. XV 593 and also, for Livius only, Enn. Ann. 299 Sk.: even if the fragments of Ennius' Annales never mention Nero, it's possible to argue that there might have been several references to him during the account of the Second Punic War in the Annales, and that Manilius' and Prudentius' hexameters could have been shaped on a lost Ennian verse
La figura di Ottaviano in Prudenzio: il matrimonio con Livia (c. Symm. I 245-270)
No full textAll’interno della rassegna di divinità di c. Symm. I 42-407, Prudenzio inserisce il riferimento alla divinizzazione di Ottaviano e della moglie Livia, dedicando un passaggio piuttosto ampio del testo (v. 245-270) alla descrizione delle loro nozze. La lettura in chiave satirica dell’episodio e l’accento posto su alcuni dettagli della vicenda si pongono in linea con la tradizione storiografica che offre del matrimonio (e di Ottaviano stesso) una valutazione negativa, ma sono anche motivati dall’interpretazione evemeristica che il poeta cristiano propone delle divinità pagane. Sembra tuttavia possibile intravedere, nell’opera di Prudenzio, un intento denigratorio nei confronti della figura di Augusto come modello imperiale, che vede proprio nell’età teodosiana il momento culminante del declino del princeps, a favore, piuttosto, del paradigma traianeo.In the long series of pagan gods of c. Symm. I 42-407, Prudentius mentions the worshipping of Octavian and his wife Livia, dedicating a long passage of the text (v. 245-270) to the description of their marriage. The satirical interpretation of the text and the emphasis put on some details of the wedding show a connection with the historiographical tradition and the negative evaluation of the marriage (and also of Octavian), but they can also be explained with the evemeristic interpretation of pagan gods given by the Christian poet. Prudentius, however, seems to discredit Augustus as a model for Roman emperors, following a trend culminating under Theodosius, in favour of the more appreciated (especially by the Theodosian family) Trajan
Limonium bonifaciense Arrigoni & Diana
No full textLimonium bonifaciense Arrigoni & Diana − Pianotolli-Caldarello, Punta di Capineru [41°27’36 - 41’’N 9°02’19 -20’’E], sur des filons de dolérite traversant le granite de cette pointe rocheuse, en avant de pieds anémomorphosés de Juniperus phoenicea subsp. turbinata, quelques individus en plusieurs endroits, 2-2,5 m, 25.2.201 4, Paradis, G. s.n. (Hb. privé); Ile Cavallo, sur la côte sud, 300 m au NW du port, en exposition SW sur un affleurement de dolérite, plusieurs petits individus avec Crithmum maritimum, Sporobolus pungens, Reichardia picroides, Lotus cytisoides subsp. cytisoides, 14.3.201 4, Delage A., F. Médail, G. Paradis, C. Piazza & J. Rosselo s.n. (Hb. privé Paradis). Ces deux stations étendent nettement l’aire de répartition de cette endémique corse qui, jusqu’à maintenant, n’était connue que des affleurements doléritiques compris entre la Cala di U Merlu et la Tonnara (ARRIGONI & DIANA, Candollea 48: 631-677, 1993; PARADIS & CULIOLI, Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest 33: 9-20, 2003). Sur la Punta Capineru, deux autre espèces de Limonium (L. contortirameum et L. strictissimum) sont très abondantes.Published as part of Jeanmonod, Daniel, 2015, Notes à la flore de Corse, XXV, pp. 109-140 in Candollea 70 (1) on page 135, DOI: 10.15553/c2015v701a10, http://zenodo.org/record/572089
Reproductive biology of Santolina ligustica Arrigoni
No full textUnderstanding the breeding system, the reproductive success and long‐term demographic patterns of endemic species is fundamental to improve strategies for their conservation. Santolina ligustica Arrigoni (Asteraceae) is an endemic perennial shrub limited to a few localities in Eastern Liguria (NW Italy), and it grows on ophiolitic substratum. The species is considered “Near Threatened” (NT)according to Red List of the Italian Flora. In this study, we investigated the reproductive biology of S.ligustica and assessed its reproductive success. More specifically, we: (a) evaluated the type and the frequency of pollinators; (b) quantified the effort and reproductive success of the plants by tests on capitula (open‐pollinated and bagged) and (c) evaluated the seeds’ germination performance. A total of 46 different taxa of insects were observed. The most abundant visitors were mainly Coleoptera (77%) and Hymenoptera (19%), suggesting a generalist pollination system. In the open‐pollinated capitula, the 7.87 % (SD 11.93) of the florets produced well‐formed cypselae, while the bagged capitula did not produce fruits. These results suggest that the plant is auto incompatible and the pollinators activity is crucial. Despite the high visitation rate observed, S. ligustica showed a low fruit‐set per each capitulum. Seeds of S.ligustica can germinate over a wide range of conditions immediately after harvesting, suggesting that seeds are nondormant. Maximum germination occurs between 15 °C and 22 °C, temperatures that are in line with germination occur in early autumn, after the summer in Mediterranean environment characterized by dry conditions
Global versus local mechanisms of temperature sensing in ion channels
No full textIon channels turn diverse types of inputs, ranging from neurotransmitters to physical forces, into electrical signals. Channel responses to ligands generally rely on binding to discrete sensor domains that are coupled to the portion of the channel responsible for ion permeation. By contrast, sensing physical cues such as voltage, pressure, and temperature arises from more varied mechanisms. Voltage is commonly sensed by a local, domain-based strategy, whereas the predominant paradigm for pressure sensing employs a global response in channel structure to membrane tension changes. Temperature sensing has been the most challenging response to understand and whether discrete sensor domains exist for pressure and temperature has been the subject of much investigation and debate. Recent exciting advances have uncovered discrete sensor modules for pressure and temperature in force-sensitive and thermal-sensitive ion channels, respectively. In particular, characterization of bacterial voltage-gated sodium channel (BacNaV) thermal responses has identified a coiled-coil thermosensor that controls channel function through a temperature-dependent unfolding event. This coiled-coil thermosensor blueprint recurs in other temperature sensitive ion channels and thermosensitive proteins. Together with the identification of ion channel pressure sensing domains, these examples demonstrate that “local” domain-based solutions for sensing force and temperature exist and highlight the diversity of both global and local strategies that channels use to sense physical inputs. The modular nature of these newly discovered physical signal sensors provides opportunities to engineer novel pressure-sensitive and thermosensitive proteins and raises new questions about how such modular sensors may have evolved and empowered ion channel pores with new sensibilities
Effects from physical exercise on reduced cancer-related fatigue: a systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis
No full textBackground: Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most prevalent and distressing symptoms among cancer patients, resulting in a great cancer research challenge. Numerous systematic reviews of physical training interventions have been conducted to find the most effective approach. However, evidence remains fragmented, and in which cancer population physical training is more effective than other populations is still unclear. Thus, this study critically appraised systematic reviews and meta-analyses on physical training to reduce adults’ cancer-related fatigue. Methods: A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42020189049), assessing the efficacy of exercise training for reducing cancer-related fatigue in adults, was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and Pedro. The selected studies (standardized mean difference, SMD; 95%CI), was quantitatively pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was tested using chi-squared (Q) and I-square statistics (I 2). Results: Of 1438 identified articles, 11 met the inclusion criteria, and ten were meta-analyzed. The results yielded a positive effect of physical training on fatigue in all cancer populations, SMD = −0.33 (−0.43, −0.23). Subgroup analysis based on tumor localization showed a slightly higher physical training effect on fatigue in adults with breast cancer, SMD = −0.36 (−0.57, −0.15), and prostate cancer SMD = −0.34 (−0.45, −.0.22). Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrated some potential improvement in cancer-related fatigue in adult patients undergoing physical training during and after cancer treatments, particularly in patients with breast or prostate cancer
Identità e memoria : la 'singolare esperienza' di Eucardio Momigliano
No full textIl presente contributo esamina la singolare esperienza di una "morte apparente" nel contesto storico dell''Italia fascista nel periodo della Seconda guerra mondiale
- …
