666 research outputs found
Wynand Wichers, in His Book, A Century of Hope, Page 35, Quotes a Letter of Rev. Albertus C. Van Raalte to Walter T. Taylor
No full textWyn and Wichers, in his book, A century of Hope, page 35, quotes a letter of Rev. Albertus C. Van Raalte to Walter T. Taylor, after Taylor accepted the position of being the first principal of the Pioneer School. Van Raalte gives directions on travel to the Holland Colony
Stability of the Bet v 1 cross-reactive allergens Api g 1 and Dau c 1 : a biophysical approach
No full textThe allergen Bet v 1 is known as the primary sensitizer for birch pollen-related food allergy and is responsible for IgE cross-reactivity to pathogenesis-related 10 (PR-10) proteins from, in particular, fruits from the Rosaceae and vegetables from the Apiaceae families. The allergenic potential of PR-10 proteins is mainly characterized for specific recombinantly produced isoforms, which are used for research and diagnostic purposes. However, in natural food sources these allergens are often present as isoform mixtures. The first aim of this research was to purify and characterize PR-10 allergens as natural isoform mixtures to determine whether differences could be observed between natural and recombinant allergens and between plant families. The second aim was to find a relationship between the physico-chemical stability of PR-10 proteins and structural characteristics to explain differences in IgE binding potential and cross-reactivity. The PR-10 allergens Bet v 1 from birch, Api g 1 from celery, and Dau c 1 from carrot were purified under mild conditions following a standardized protocol. Different allergen isoforms were determined and circular dichorism (CD) analyses of the allergen mixtures showed a similar secondary structure composition as observed for other PR-10 proteins. The allergen mixtures and recombinant allergens were characterized by stability studies to pH, temperature and denaturant where CD was used to detect structural changes. Minor differences were observed in stability between natural isoform mixtures and between the recombinant isoforms, although recombinant Dau c 1 was likely destabilized by its attached His-tag. A general trend was observed for allergen stability, structural differences and their relationship to the IgE binding capacity in aqueous solutions. The allergenic potential decreases in the following order: Bet v 1, the primary allergen of birch pollen-related allergies, Mal d 1, Api g 1 and Dau c 1, in accordance with their amino acid sequence identity. Bet v 1 cross-reactive IgE antibodies preferably bind to the charged and polar residues of Mal d 1 for which the positive charge can be increased by the physiological pH of fruit. Api g 1 appears to be more stable than Dau c 1 as the result of a tighter hydrophobic packing. However, the thermodynamic stability of Api g 1 is similar to that of Bet v 1, but the higher proportion of hydrophobic residues and the reduced proportion of charged residues are responsible for the lower IgE binding capacity. Furthermore, the IgE binding capacity is not severely affected, as long as the protein is able to refold. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of the development of allergic symptoms upon exposure to these PR-10 proteins. <br/
sj-pdf-1-cpx-10.1177_21677026221137006 – Supplemental material for Detecting Impending Symptom Transitions Using Early-Warning Signals in Individuals Receiving Treatment for Depression
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-cpx-10.1177_21677026221137006 for Detecting Impending Symptom Transitions Using Early-Warning Signals in Individuals Receiving Treatment for Depression by Marieke A. Helmich, Arnout C. Smit, Laura F. Bringmann, Marieke J. Schreuder, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Marieke Wichers and Evelien Snippe in Clinical Psychological Science</p
High Molecular Weight Glucan of the Culinary Medicinal Mushroom Agaricus bisporus is an α-Glucan that Forms Complexes with Low Molecular Weight Galactan
No full textAn a-glucan was isolated from the culinary medicinal mushroom A. bisporus by hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The resulting material showed a single HMW peak excluded from a Sephadex G50 column that could completely be degraded by α-amylase treatment. After heating in 1% SDS a small additional peak of low MW eluted from the G50 column. The monosaccharide composition of the main peak was evaluated by HPLC, and was found to consist of a majority of glucose (97.6%), and a minor proportion of galactose (2.4%). Methylation analysis and degradation by a-amylase indicated the presence of an a-glucan with a main chain consisting of (1®4)-linked units, substituted at O-6 by α-D-glucopyranose single-units in the relation 1:8. Mono- (13C-, 1H-NMR) and bidimensional [1H (obs.),13C-HSQC] spectroscopy analysis confirmed the a-configuration of the Glcp residues by low frequency resonances of C-1 at d 100.6, 100.2, and 98.8 ppm and H-1 high field ones at d 5.06, 5.11, and 4.74 ppm. The DEPT-13C-NMR allowed assigning the non-substituted and O-substituted –CH2 signals at d 60.3/60.8 and 66.2 ppm, respectively. Other assignments were attributed to C-2, C-3, C-4, C-5 and C-6 of the non-reducing ends at d 71.8; 72.8; 70.0; 71.3 and 60.3/60.8 ppm, respectively. The minor proportion of galactose that was demonstrated was probably derived from a complex between the a-glucan and a low molecular weight galactan
sj-docx-1-cpx-10.1177_21677026221103138 – Supplemental material for Anticipating Transitions in Mental Health in At-Risk Youths: A 6-Month Daily Diary Study Into Early-Warning Signals
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-cpx-10.1177_21677026221103138 for Anticipating Transitions in Mental Health in At-Risk Youths: A 6-Month Daily Diary Study Into Early-Warning Signals by Marieke J. Schreuder, Catharina A. Hartman, Robin N. Groen, Arnout C. Smit, Marieke Wichers and Johanna T. W. Wigman in Clinical Psychological Science</p
sj-docx-1-cpx-10.1177_21677026221148101 – Supplemental material for Risk Ahead: Actigraphy-Based Early-Warning Signals of Increases in Depressive Symptoms During Antidepressant Discontinuation
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-cpx-10.1177_21677026221148101 for Risk Ahead: Actigraphy-Based Early-Warning Signals of Increases in Depressive Symptoms During Antidepressant Discontinuation by Yoram K. Kunkels, Arnout C. Smit, Olga Minaeva, Evelien Snippe, Sandip V. George, Arie M. van Roon, Marieke Wichers and Harri�tte Riese in Clinical Psychological Science</p
Polysaccharides from <it>Agaricus bisporus </it>and <it>Agaricus brasiliensis </it>show similarities in their structures and their immunomodulatory effects on human monocytic THP-1 cells
No full textAbstract Background Mushroom polysaccharides have traditionally been used for the prevention and treatment of a multitude of disorders like infectious illnesses, cancers and various autoimmune diseases. Crude mushroom extracts have been tested without detailed chemical analyses of its polysaccharide content. For the present study we decided to chemically determine the carbohydrate composition of semi-purified extracts from 2 closely related and well known basidiomycete species, i.e. Agaricus bisporus and A. brasiliensis and to study their effects on the innate immune system, in particular on the in vitro induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, using THP-1 cells. Methods Mushroom polysaccharide extracts were prepared by hot water extraction and precipitation with ethanol. Their composition was analyzed by GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. PMA activated THP-1 cells were treated with the extracts under different conditions and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was evaluated by qPCR. Results Semi-purified polysaccharide extracts of A. bisporus and A. brasiliensis (= blazei) were found to contain (1→6),(1→4)-linked α-glucan, (1→6)-linked β-glucan, and mannogalactan. Their proportions were determined by integration of 1H-NMR signs, and were considerably different for the two species. A. brasiliensis showed a higher content of β-glucan, while A. bisporus presented mannogalactan as its main polysaccharide. The extracts induced a comparable increase of transcription of the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes IL-1β and TNF-α as well as of COX-2 in PMA differentiated THP-1 cells. Pro-inflammatory effects of bacterial LPS in this assay could be reduced significantly by the simultaneous addition of A. brasiliensis extract. Conclusions The polysaccharide preparations from the closely related species A. bisporus and A. brasiliensis show major differences in composition: A. bisporus shows high mannogalactan content whereas A. brasiliensis has mostly β-glucan. Semi-purified polysaccharide extracts from both Agaricus species stimulated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, while the polysaccharide extract of A. brasiliensis reduced synthesis of these cytokines induced by LPS, suggesting programmable immunomodulation.</p
The D1-triangulation in simplicial variable dimension algorithms for computing solutions of nonlinear equations
No full text
A simulation model for a single point moored tanker
No full textElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
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