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Iselma cedarbergensis Pitzalis & Bologna 2008, sp. n.
No full textIselma cedarbergensis sp. n. Diagnosis. A middle-large sized Iselma, completely black without metallic reflection. Head and pronotum elongate, the latter with subparallel sides convergent anteriorly; last maxillary palpomere parallel on sides and securiform at apex; head, pronotum and elytra with isolated, longer, black setae mixed with dense, short, light and recumbent setae; elytra convex, without humeral depression; legs with regular black setae; male last visible abdominal hemisternite internally only slightly curved; dorsal appendix of male gonostyli as long as the basal third of them and with a very long tuft of setae at apex. Description. Body uniformly black, without metallic reflection. Head and pronotum setation with isolated, longer, black setae mixed with dense, short, light and recumbent setae; elytra and ventral setation similar to that on head and pronotum, but the light setae are denser and the black ones are longer on sides and on apex of elytra. Body length (apex of mandibles-apex of elytra): 7.0–15.0 mm; pronotum length: 1.1–2.5 mm; elytral width (greatest at posterior third): 2.4–4.4 mm. Head slender and elongate, evidently longer than wide at eye level (excluding the mandibles); mandibles and head capsule subequal in length; head narrower at tempora than at eyes, sides parallel behind eyes; front quite flat; frontal suture almost subarcuate; punctures very dense, approached and quite deep except in a middle longitudinal narrow area, intermediate surface shiny; labrum longer than clypeus. Antennae slender, antennomeres III–VII quite widened at apex in male, subcylindrical in female, VIII–XI progressively subcylindrical in both sexes, XI 1.5 as long as X; antennomeres I–II with normal elongate setae, III–XI with dense microsetae. Pronotum with sides subparallel from base to middle, progressively convergent anteriorly; maximal width in the middle, slightly wider than head at eye level; punctures as on head. Mesonotum slightly elongate, parallel on sides and subrounded at apex. Elytra elongate, convex, without tracks of venation and without humeral depression, about twice as wide as pronotum at base; punctures dense and less deep than pronotum and head. Legs slender, finely punctate; fore and middle tibial spurs slender; both hind spurs massive, slender and spoonlike, inner and external subequal, both shorter than half tarsomere I. Last visible male abdominal sternite almost straight on both external and internal margins, the portion not depressed wide and the depressed part progressively sloping. Dorsal margin of male gonostylus sinuate in lateral view, with apical microsetae; dorsal appendix of male gonostyli at least as long as the basal third of the gonostylus and with a very long tuft of setae at apex (Fig. 2i). Type material. Holotype male (CB), 6 males and 16 females Paratypes (CB, 1 male and 1 female SAMC) " South Africa, Western Cape, Nieuwodt Pass (10 km NW of Cederberg Pass) 200–600 m a.s.l., maquis, 15.IX.1994, P. Audisio, M. Biondi & M. A. Bologna leg."; 2 males and 5 females Paratypes (CB) " Sudafrica, W. C., N7 17 km S Clanwilliam 32.30802°S 18.90854°E 285 m a.s.l., 9.IX.2004 Bologna, Lorenzetti, Pitzalis"; 12 females Paratypes (CB, 1 female MCSN) " Sudafrica, W. Cape, 12.8 km S Clanwilliam, 32.25193°S 18.85628°E, 240 m a.s.l., 21.IX.2005, M. Bologna, M. Pitzalis "; 8 females Paratypes (CB) " South Africa, Western Cape, 12 km NNW Algiria 32.28941°S 18.99268°E 240 m a.s.l., 5.X.2007, M. Bologna & M. Pitzalis "; 1 female Paratype (CB) " South Africa, Western Cape, 22 km NNW Algiria, 8 km SE Clanwilliam 32.23259°S 18.93550°E 130 m a.s.l., 5.X.2007, M. Bologna & M. Pitzalis ". We added the labels " Holotypus / Paratypus (male and female) Iselma cedarbergensis sp. n. M. Pitzalis & M. Bologna des. 2008". Additional material. (South Africa, Western Cape) 1 ex. " 17 km S Clanwilliam on road N7, 32.30802°S 18.90854°E 285 m a.s.l., 9.IX.2004 Bologna, Lorenzetti, Pitzalis"; 2 exx. "12.8 km S Clanwilliam, 32.25193°S 18.85628°E, 240 m a.s.l., 21.IX.2005, M. Bologna, M. Pitzalis"; 1 ex. " 12 km NNW Algiria 32.28941°S 18.99268°E 240 m a.s.l., 5.X.2007, M. Bologna & M. Pitzalis "; 1 ex. " 22 km NNW Algiria, 8 km SE Clanwilliam 32.23259°S 18.93550°E 130 m a.s.l., 5.X.2007, M. Bologna & M. Pitzalis "; 2 exx. " R364 3– 5 km ENE Clanwilliam, 32.14325°S 18.90635°E 210 m a.s.l., 5.X.2007, M. Bologna & M. Pitzalis ". All these specimens are preserved in ethanol 95% or acetone (CB). Type locality. South Africa, Western Cape, Cedarberg Mts., Nieuwodt Pass. Etymology. The name of this species refers to the Cedarberg (called also Sederberge or Cederberg), the South African mountain chain where the species is distributed. Affinities. This species belongs to the group of I. ursus, among which could be separated, together with I. lorenzettii sp. n. and I. simillima Kaszab, 1953, in a different subgroup distinguishable morphologically (Pitzalis, 2007; Pitzalis and Bologna, unpublished). It seems related to I. lorenzettii sp. n. because of the common structure of the male last visible sternite (the male last abdominal sternite of I. simillima and I. lorenzetti sp. n. are represented respectively in Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b). Remarks. Cited as I. planidorsis Péringuey, 1909 by Bologna et al. (2001).Published as part of Pitzalis, Monica & Bologna, Marco A., 2008, Taxonomy and faunistics of the southern African genus Iselma, with the description of nine new species (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Eleticinae), pp. 35-59 in Zootaxa 1876 (1) on pages 39-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1876.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/513367
Iselma lorenzettii Pitzalis & Bologna 2008, sp. n.
No full text<i>Iselma lorenzettii</i> sp. n. <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. A middle-large sized <i>Iselma</i>, completely black without metallic reflection. Head and pronotum elongate, the latter with subparallel sides convergent anteriorly; last maxillary palpomere parallel on sides and securiform at apex; head, pronotum and elytra with isolated longer black setae mixed with dense, short and light, recumbent setae; elytra convex, without humeral depression; legs with regular black setae; male last visible abdominal hemisternite internally only slightly curved; dorsal appendix of male gonostyli longer than the half of the gonostylus and with a short tuft of setae at apex. Extremely similar to <i>I. cedarbergensis</i>, but differing by male genitalia features; the female is almost morphologically indistinguishable.</p> <p> <b>Description</b>. Body uniformly black. Head and pronotum setation with isolated, longer, black setae mixed with dense, short, light and recumbent setae; elytra and ventral setation similar to that on head and pronotum but the light setae are denser and the black one are longer on sides and on apex of elytra. Body length (apex of mandibles to apex of elytra): 7.5–13.0 mm; pronotum length: 1.3–2.8 mm; elytral width (greatest at posterior third): 2.1–3.2 mm.</p> <p>Head slender and elongate, evidently longer than wide at eye level (excluding the mandibles); mandibles and head capsule are subequal in length; head narrower at tempora than at eyes, sides parallel behind eyes; front quite flat, frontal suture almost subarcuate; punctures very dense, approached and quite deep, except along the median longitudinal narrow area, intermediate surface shiny; labrum longer than clypeus. Antennae slender, antennomeres III–VII quite widened at apex in male, subcylindrical in female, VIII–XI progressively subcylindrical in both sexes, XI 1.5 as long as X; antennomere I–II with normal elongate setae, III–XI with dense microsetae.</p> <p>Pronotum with sides subparallel from base to middle, progressively convergent anteriorly; maximal width in the middle, slightly wider than head at eye level; punctures as on head. Mesonotum slightly elongate, parallel on sides and subrounded at apex. Elytra elongate, convex, without tracks of venation and without humeral depression, about twice as wide as pronotum at base; punctures dense and less deep than in pronotum and head. Legs slender, finely punctate; fore and middle tibial spurs slender; both hind spurs massive, slender and spoonlike, the inner and external subequal, both shorter than half tarsomere I.</p> <p>Last visible male abdominal sternite (Fig. 3b) almost straight on both external and internal margins, the portion not depressed wide and the depressed part evidently sloping. Dorsal margin of male gonostylus subrectilinear in lateral view in the basal third and ventrally progressively narrowed; male gonostyli depressed on sides from base to the apical third, with microsetae apically, the dorsal appendix longer than half of the gonostylus with a short tuft of setae at apex (Fig. 2j).</p> <p> <b>Type material</b>. Holotype male (CB), 7 males and 20 females Paratypes (CB, 1 male and 1 female SAMC) “ Sudafrica, W. C., N7 29 km N Clanwilliam 31.97857°S 18.74409°E 88 m a.s.l., 9.IX.2004 Bologna, Lorenzetti, Pitzalis”; 1 female Paratype (CB) “ Sudafrica, W. Cape, N7 10.2 km N Klawer 31.85130°S 18.60993°E 130 m a.s.l., 21-IX-2005 M. Bologna & M. Pitzalis ”. We added the labels “ Holotypus / Paratypus (male and female) <i>Iselma lorenzettii</i> sp. n. M. Pitzalis & M. Bologna des. 2008”.</p> <p> <b>Additional material</b>. (South Africa, Western Cape) 1 ex. ”C.P. Wiedouw 309 Vanrhynsdorp 31°44’S 18°47’E ”, “ 20–23 Sept. 1982, S. Louw, NMBH 8948” (CB); 1 ex. ” SW Cape Prov Clanwilliam 29 km N 31.47 S - 18.43 E, 29.8.1989; E-Y: 2675 ground & vegetation, Endrödy & Klimaszew” (CB).</p> <p>The following specimens are preserved in ethanol 95% or acetone (CB). (South Africa, Western Cape) 2 exx. “N7 29 km N Clanwilliam 31.97857°S 18.74409°E 88 m a.s.l., 9.IX.2004 Bologna, Lorenzetti, Pitzalis ”; 1 ex. “N7 10.2 km N Klawer 31.85130°S 18.60993°E 130 m a.s.l., 21-IX-2005 M. Bologna & M. Pitzalis ”.</p> <p> <b>Type locality</b>. South Africa, Western Cape, 29 km N of Clanwilliam 31.97857° S 18.74409° E, 88 m a.s.l..</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>. This species is named after our friend ornithologist Emanuela Lorenzetti (Rome), who actively collaborated during one field expedition in South Africa and collected the first specimen.</p> <p> <b>Affinities</b>. Affinities are discussed in the corresponding paragraph of <i>I. cedarbergensis</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Pitzalis, Monica & Bologna, Marco A., 2008, Taxonomy and faunistics of the southern African genus Iselma, with the description of nine new species (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Eleticinae), pp. 35-59 in Zootaxa 1876 (1)</i> on pages 45-47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1876.1.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5133678">http://zenodo.org/record/5133678</a>
The human cortical areas V6 and V6A
No full textIn macaque, it has long been known since the late nineties that the medial parieto-occipital sulcus (POS) contains two regions, V6 and V6A, important for visual motion and action. While V6 is a retinotopically organized extrastriate area, V6A is a broadly retinotopically organized visuomotor area constituted by a ventral and dorsal subdivision (V6Av and V6Ad), both containing arm movement-related cells active during spatially directed reaching movements. In humans, these areas have been mapped only in recent years thanks to neuroimaging methods. In a series of brain mapping studies, by using a combination of functional magnetic resonance imaging methods such as wide-field retinotopy and task-evoked activity, we mapped human areas V6 (Pitzalis et al., 2006) and V6Av (Pitzalis et al., 2013 d) retinotopically and defined human V6Ad functionally as a pointing-selective region situated anteriorly in the close proximity of V6Av (Tosoni et al., 2014). Like in macaque, human V6 is a motion area (e.g., Pitzalis et al., 2010, 2012, 2013 a, b , c ), while V6Av and V6Ad respond to pointing movements (Tosoni et al., 2014). The retinotopic organization (when present), anatomical position, neighbor relations, and functional properties of these three areas closely resemble those reported for macaque V6 (Galletti et al., 1996, 1999 a), V6Av, and V6Ad (Galletti et al., 1999 b; Gamberini et al., 2011). We suggest that information on objects in depth which are translating in space, because of the self-motion, is processed in V6 and conveyed to V6A for evaluating object distance in a dynamic condition such as that created by self-motion, so to orchestrate the eye and arm movements necessary to reach or avoid static and moving objects in the environment
Hycleus amoenus Bologna & Amore & Pitzalis 2018
No full textCb) Hycleus amoenus species group This southern African group of species is well distinct by the reduced number of antennomeres (eigth) and molecular analyses (Pitzalis 2007) pointed out its division in some sub-groups. Because of the antennal feature, the species of this group were erroneously referred to the genus Actenodia (see Bologna et al. 2008a), but actually they belong to Hycleus, as pointed out by Bologna & Pinto (2002), and by Pitzalis (2007). This group includes (Pitzalis & Bologna in preparation): H. amoenus, H. bushmanicus, H. deserticolus, H. devylderi, H. kochi, H. politus, H. vansoni, and the new species H. planitiei. Two other eastern African and Arabic species, namely H. afrotropicus (Kaszab, 1983) and H. yemenicus (Kaszab, 1983) have a similar reduced number of antennomeres (Bologna 1990; Bologna & Turco 2007) and for this reason they were erroneously described as Actenodia (Kaszab 1983). Relationships between these two assemblages of species are not defined, but probably the reduction of antennomeres is only a parallelism more than a synapomorphic condition. Hycleus amoenus (Marseul, 1872) comb. n. (Fig. 4J) Actenodia amoena Marseul, 1872; Kaszab 1952 Actenodia amoena ssp. anthicoides Kaszab, 1955b syn. n. Types. Types of this species were examined at MNHN, and those of the ssp. anthicoides at NHP. Distribution. Botswana, southwestern Namibia (new species record for this country), and western South Africa. Material examined. [Karas] Lüderitz: Kaukausib Riverbed, Diamond Area 1, 26.8833°S 15.4167°E (CB; SMWN); C13, 4.5 km N Rosh Pinah, 27.82909°S 16.72726°E (CB). Other records: Namibia (Pitzalis et al. 2014). Remarks. Kaszab (1955b) described the ssp. anthicoides from the South African Richtersveld, just close to the southwestern Namibian border. After the examination of several specimens of different populations, we consider this subspecies as a synonym of the nominate form. Hycleus bushmanicus (Kaszab, 1952) (Fig. 4K) Actenodia bushmanica Kaszab, 1952 Distribution. South Namibia and northwestern South Africa. Material examined and literature records. [Hardap] Mariental Urban: 11 km W Mariental (road C19), 24.6167°S 17.8500°E (CB). [Karas] Keetmanshoop Rural: D608, 35 km S Keetmanshoop, 26.90790°S 18.26411°E (CB); D608, 87 km S Keetmanshoop, 27.32571°S 18.27616°E (CB); D608, 95.5 km S Keetmanshoop, 27.37944°S 18.22418°E (CB); C12, 33 km W Grunau, 27.57847°S, 18.10557°E (CB). Karasburg: M21, 21.5 km S Karasburg, 28.20340°S 18.72978°E (CB); M21, 4 km N Warmbad, 28.39832°S 18.75766°E (CB); C13, 44.5 km N Noordoewer, Grape Valley, 28.41803°S 17.44408°E (CB); C10, 23 km N Velloorsdrif, 28.52194°S 19.18402°E (CB). Other records: Namibia (Bologna 2000a; Pitzalis et al. 2014). Remarks. Types of this species were examined at NHP. Hycleus deserticolus Wellman, 1908 (Fig. 4L) Actenodia deserticola Wellman, 1908 Zonabris (Actenodia) annulipes Pic, 1910 Actenodia annulipes, Kaszab 1955 Distribution. Southern Angola, Namibia. Material examined and literature records. [Kunene] Epupa: Hartmann's Valley, 17.3833°S 12.2500°E (SMWN); Dunes, 17.3833°S 12.2500°E (SMWN); Okakatuwo, 17.4000°S 12.7333°E (SMWN); Okakatuwo, 17.4500°S 12.7000°E (SMWN); Kandao, 17.6167°S 12.5000°E (SMWN); Ondundujengo River, 17.8000°S 12.3167°E (SMWN). Opuwo: 30 km WNW Orupembe, 18.1167°S 12.3500°E (SMWN); Oropembe, 18.1833°S 12.5167°E (SMWN); Kaokoveld, Anabib (Orupembe), 100 miles W Ohopoho, 18.1833°S 12.5167°E (Kaszab 1956, as ab. anticedisrupta: Kaszab, 1956); Kaokoveld, Orupembe, 18.1833°S 12.5167°E (Kaszab 1956, as ab. anticedisrupta); Kaokoveld, Sanitatas, 85 miles WSW Ohopoho, 18.2833°S 12.6667°E (Kaszab, 1956); Kunene distr., C43, 18.9562°S 13.7573°E (CB). Sesfontein: Khowarib River, 19.2667°S 13.8667°E (SMWN); D2650, near Kamanjab, 19.8087°S 14.5128°E (CB). Kamanjab: C35, 35 km NW Kamanjab, 19.5000°S 14.8000°E (CB); C40, 26 km E Kamanjab, 19.6957°S 15.1046°E (CB); C39, 25 km E Khorixas, 20.3061°S 15.1867°E (CB). Khorixas: Bethanis 514. 20.4000°S 14.4000°E (SMWN); Twyfelfontein, 20.5667°S 14.3667°E (SMWN); C35, 54 km N Uis, 20.7788°S 14.8692°E (CB); Duineveld 529, 20.7833°S 14.6333°E (SMWN); Onverwag 412, 20.8370°S 14.9610°E (SMWN). [Kavango] Mashari: Kaukau-Kungveld, Samengaigai, 19.0833°S 20.2000°E (Kaszab 1956 as ab. anticedisrupta:). [Otjozondjupa] Otjiwarongo: C63, Outjo-Kalkfeld 15 km N of Kalkfeld, 20.7537°S 16.2210°E (CB). [Erongo] Dâures: Brandberg, Hungorob Valley, 21.1900°S 14.5282°E (Bologna 2000a; SMWN); Brandberg, Messum valley, 21.2215°S 14.5163°E (Bologna 2000a; SMWN); C35, 2 km E Uis, 21.2325°S 14.8973°E (CB); Gross Spitzkoppe, 21.8167°S 15.1667°E (CB); Spitskoppe, 21.8518°S 15.1484°E (CP; SMWN). Omaruru: near Omaruru, 21.4333°S 15.9333°E (CP). Karibib: D1935, 30 km N jct. B2, 21.7732°S 15.4699°E (CB); D1935, 30 km NNW Usakos, 21.7833°S 15.5000°E (CB); Karibib-Okahandja, 21.9333°S 15.8333°E (CP); B2, 16 km W Karibib, 21.9358°S 15.7056°E (CB); Karibib, 21.9417°S 15.8509°E (CB); Usakos, D1935 6 km N jct. B2, 21.9475°S 15.5851°E (CB); Karibib, D 1953, 100 m jct. C32, 21.9552°S 15.8493°E (CB); B2, 16 km W Karibib, 21.9702°S 15.6868°E (CB); B2, 2, 6 km W Usakos, 21.9989°S 15.5647°E (CB); B2, 2 km W Usakos, 21.9992°S 15.5696°E (CB); Navachab 67, 22.0167°S 15.7333°E (SMWN); D1980, 27 km S Karibib, 22.1500°S 15.8333°E (CB); C32, 42 km S Karibib, 22.29447°S 15.8351°E (CB); D1953, near Karibib, 45 km jct. C32, 22.2963°S 16.0658°E (CB); C32, 54 km S Karibib, Swakop River, 22.3954°S 15.8343°E (CB). Arandis: Rossing Mine, 22.4667°S 15.0333°E (SMWN); N Namib, 22.5667°S 14.7167°E (SMWN); C14, Kuiseb Pass, 23.3045°S 15.7526°E (CB); C14, Kuiseb River, 23.30457°S 15.77184°E (CB). Walvis Bay Rural: Rostock, Windhoek, 23.3833°S 15.7500°E (SMWN); C14, 36 km N Solitaire, 23.5823°S 15.8182°E (CB). [Omaheke] Aminius: C20, Gobabis-Leonardville 5 km S of Aais, 23.2593°S 18.7237°E (CB). [Khomas] Windhoek Rural: Kos 28, 23.2667°S 16.1333°E (SMWN); D1228, 7 km ENE Rehoboth, 23.2833°S 17.2333°E (CB). [Hardap] Rehoboth Rural: B1, 28.5 km S Rehoboth, 23.5833°S 17.1500°E (CB). Gibeon: C19, 8 km S Solitaire, 23.9774°S 16.0063°E (CB); Waltevrede Game Farm, 24.1779°S 15.9802°E (CB); C14, 10 km S Waltevrede, 24.2377°S 15.9040°E (CB); Sesriem 137, River, 24.4833°S 15.9500°E (SMWN); C14, 1 km W Maltahöhe, 24.8589°S 16.9751°E (CB); Wereldend 115, 25.1500°S 16.2333°E (SMWN); Gorrasis 99, 25.3184°S 15.9089°E (SMWN). Mariental Urban: C19, 11 km W Mariental, 24.6167°S 17.8500°E (CB). Mariental Rural: M29, 25 km E Mariental, 24.7825°S 18.1612°E (CB); M 29, 118 km S Mariental, 25.4479°S 18.6138°E (CB). [Karas] Keetmanshoop Rural: Khabus 146, 26.2833°S 18.2333°E (SMWN); Khabus 146, 26.3000°S 18.2167°E (SMWN); Karas distr., 27.1352°S 19.4941°E (CB). Keetmanshoop Urban: B1, near Keetmanshoop, 26.5833°S 18.1333°E (CB). Berseba: B4, 73 km W Keetmanshoop, 26.7809°S 17.4657°E (CB). Karasburg: 5 km S Warmbad, 28.4833°S 18.7667°E (SMWN). Other records: Namib Sand Sea desert (Seely 2012); Namibia (Bologna 2000a; Pitzalis et al. 2014). Remarks. Types of annulipes were examined at MNHN. Hycleus devylderi (Borchmann, 1928) (Fig. 4M) Actenodia devylderi Borchmann, 1928 Distribution. Namibia (endemic). Material examined and literature records. [Kunene] Khorixas: N of Doros Crater, Skeleton Coast Park, 20.3667°S 14.1333°E (SMWN). [Otjozondjupa] Otjiwarongo: C63, Outjo-Kalkfeld, 15 km N of Kalkfeld, 20.7537°S 16.2210°E (CB). Okahandja: 30 km W Okahandja, 21.9260°S 16.5768°E (CB; CP). [Erongo] Dâures: Brandberg, Hungorob Mouth, 21.2267°S 14.5167°E (Bologna 2000a, as sp. aff. devylderi; SMWN); Messum River, 21.2500°S 14.4667°E (SMWN); D2342, 17 km SE Messum Valley, 21.3048°S 14.6574°E (CB). Omaruru: C33, 3– 9 km S of Omaruru, 21.4948°S 15.9705°E (CB). Karibib: D2306, 33 km N Usakos, 21.7764°S 15.4578°E (CB); D1935, 30 km NNW Usakos, 21.7833°S 15.5000°E (CB); C33, 17 km jct. B2, 21.8390°S 15.9233°E (CB); B2, 16 km W Karibib, 21.9358°S 15.7056°E (CB); D1953, jct. C32, 21.9552°S 15.8493°E (CB); B2, 8 km W Usakos, 21.9876°S 15.5057°E (CB); B2, 2, 6 km W Usakos, 21.9989°S 15.5647°E (CB); D1953, 6 km jct. C32, 22.0078°S 15.8861°E (CB); B2, Swakopmund-Usakos, 210 km W Usakos, 22.0199°S 15.5296°E (CB); B2, 52 km W Usakos, 22.1499°S 15.1930°E (CB); D1953, 45 km jct. C32, 22.2963°S 16.0658°E (CB). Arandis: 6 km N Arandis, 22.3667°S 14.9833°E (SMWN); Upper Ostrich Gorge, 22.4833°S 14.9833°E (SMWN); Upper Panner Gorge, 22.4833°S 15.0167°E (SMWN). Walvis Bay Rural: C14, 45 km N Solitaire, 23.5364°S 15.7827°E (CB). [Khomas] Windhoek Rural: Windhoek, Heroes Acre, 22.62°S 17.07°E, (OSU); D1261, Nauchas-Rehoboth, 1–40 km NW Nauchas, 23.5763°S 16.4588°E (CB). [Hardap] Gibeon: C14, 10 km S Waltevrede, 24.2377°S 15.9040°E (CB); C14, Maltahohe-Bullsport, after Fish River, 24.4022°S 16.8217°E (CB). [Karas] Lüderitz: near Aus, 26.6667°S 16.2667°E (CP). Other records: Damaraland (Borchmann 1928); Namibia (Bologna 2000a, also as “sp. aff. devylderi ”; Pitzalis et al. 2014). Remarks. Types of this species were not examined, but specimens compared with types were studied at HMNH. Hycleus kochi (Kaszab, 1952) (Fig. 4N) Actenodia kochi Kaszab, 1952 Distribution. Namibia (endemic). Material examined and literature records. [Kunene] Epupa: C43, near Opuwo, 17.8554°S 13.7981°E (CB). Opuwo: D3710, near Opuwo, 18.1589°S 13.9173°E (CB); D3710, near Opuwo, 18.2011°S 13.8994°E (CB); Kunene distr., C43, 18.6788°S 13.7135°E (CB); Kunene distr., C43, 18.7599°S 13.7489°E (CB); C 35, 110 km NW Kamanjab, 18.9167°S 14.3833°E (CB). Outjo: Abachaus, 19.7167°S 16.5800°E (Kaszab, 1952; SMWN). Kamanjab: C38, 40 km N Outjo, 19.80883°S 15.91281°E (CB). [Oshikoto] Guinas: C38, 1 km jct. B1, 18.7725°S 17.2491°E (CB). Omuthiyagwiipundi: Site 1/ Row D, Term. / Tamboti forest, 18.8725°S 17.0550°E (SMWN). [Otjozondjupa] Grootfontein: D2859, Hoba Meteorite, 19.5833°S 17.9333°E (CB). Otjiwarongo: B1, 13.6 km N Otjiwarongo, 20.3728°S 16.7393°E (CB); Hedwigstal 77, 20.8750°S 16.1250°E (SMWN). Omatako: 140 km N Okahandja, 20.4925°S 16.9872°E (CP); Waterberg, jct. C22-2512, 20.6333°S 17.1500°E (CB); B1, 28 km S Otjiwarongo, 20.6806°S 16.7787°E (CB); Erindi Osave 170, Otjiwarongo, 20.9800°S 16.7600°E (SMWN). Okahandja: Ovita, 21.5228°S 16.2539°E (SMWN). [Omaheke] Steinhausen: Alkm ar 512, 21.8700°S 19.8800°E (SMWN). [Khomas] Windhoek Rural: Windhoek, D 1535, 5 km jct. B6, 22.3681°S 17.6675°E (CB). [Karas] Keetmanshoop Rural: Noachabeb 97/ Rotegab 95, 27.3833°S 18.4667°E (SMWN). Karasburg: Eendoorn 106, 28.7333°S 18.9667°E (SMWN). Other records: Namib Sand Sea desert (Seely 2012); Namibia (Bologna 2000a; Pitzalis et al. 2014). Remarks. Types of this species were examined at NHP and at HMNH.Published as part of Bologna, Marco A., Amore, Valentina & Pitzalis, Monica, 2018, Meloidae of Namibia (Coleoptera): taxonomy and faunistics with biogeographic and ecological notes, pp. 1-141 in Zootaxa 4373 (1) on pages 67-70, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4373.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/115172
Hycleus plagiatus Bologna & Amore & Pitzalis 2018, comb. n.
No full textHycleus plagiatus (Pallas, 1782) comb. n. (Fig. 4T) Meloe plagiatus Pallas, 1782 Types. Types of this species are lost. Distribution. Namibia (new species record for this country) and western South Africa. Material examined and literature records. [Erongo] Karibib: D1935, 30 km NNW Usakos, 21.7833°S 15.5000°E (CB). [Khomas] Windhoek Rural: Windhoek, 22.3400°S 17.0500°E (CB, RMCA). [Hardap] Mariental Urban: C19, 11 km W Mariental, 24.6167°S 17.8500°E (CB). Rehoboth Rural: D1206, 10 km NE Bullsport, 24.10313°S 16.4456°E (CB). Remarks. This species is related to H. haemactus and it was sometimes confused with H. tricolor because of its very similar elytral pattern, which has the middle black fascia dark reddish on the sutural sides. Distinctive characters vs. H. tricolor are: (a) five basal antennomeres black (sometimes V dark yellow); (b) male labial palpi not so widened and without large depression; (c) male maxillary stipe slender; (d) lateral setae of genae silver and very long; (e) male protibiae and protarsomeres with very long black setae; (f) aedeagus shape.Published as part of Bologna, Marco A., Amore, Valentina & Pitzalis, Monica, 2018, Meloidae of Namibia (Coleoptera): taxonomy and faunistics with biogeographic and ecological notes, pp. 1-141 in Zootaxa 4373 (1) on page 73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4373.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/115172
Role of chemokines in ectopic lymphoid structures formation in autoimmunity and cancer.
No full textEctopic (or tertiary) lymphoid structures (ELS) are organized aggregates of lymphocytes resembling secondary lymphoid organs and developing in chronically inflamed nonlymphoid tissues during persistent infections, graft rejection, autoimmune conditions, and cancer. In this review, we will first depict the mechanisms regulating ELS generation, focusing on the role played by lymphoid chemokines. We will then characterize ELS forming in target organs during autoimmune conditions, here exemplified by rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer, highlighting the relevance of the tissue-specific factors. Finally, we will discuss the clinical significance of ELS and the therapeutic potential of their inhibition and/or enhancement depending on the disease considered.MRC Grant Number 36661 awarded to Costantino Pitzalis; MRC Grant Number MR/K015346/1 awarded to Costantino Pitzalis; ARUK Grant Number 20022 awarded to Costantino Pitzalis
Optic flow selectivity in the macaque parieto-occipital sulcus
No full textIn humans, several neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that passive viewing of optic flow stimuli activates higher-level motion areas, like V6 and the cingulate sulcus visual area (CSv). In macaque, there are few studies on the sensitivity of V6 and CSv to egomotion compatible optic flow. The only fMRI study on this issue revealed selectivity to egomotion compatible optic flow in macaque CSv but not in V6 (Cotterau et al. Cereb Cortex 27(1):330–343, 2017, but see Fan et al. J Neurosci. 35:16303–16314, 2015). Yet, it is unknown whether monkey visual motion areas MT + and V6 display any distinctive fMRI functional profile relative to the optic flow stimulation, as it is the case for the homologous human areas (Pitzalis et al., Cereb Cortex 20(2):411–424, 2010). Here, we described the sensitivity of the monkey brain to two motion stimuli (radial rings and flow fields) originally used in humans to functionally map the motion middle temporal area MT + (Tootell et al. J Neurosci 15: 3215-3230, 1995a; Nature 375:139–141, 1995b) and the motion medial parietal area V6 (Pitzalis et al. 2010), respectively. In both animals, we found regions responding only to optic flow or radial rings stimulation, and regions responding to both stimuli. A region in the parieto-occipital sulcus (likely including V6) was one of the most highly selective area for coherently moving fields of dots, further demonstrating the power of this type of stimulation to activate V6 in both humans and monkeys. We did not find any evidence that putative macaque CSv responds to Flow Fields
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