17,234 research outputs found
Chusquea septentrionalis Ruiz-Sanchez, Art. Castro & Clark
No full textChusquea septentrionalis emend. Ruiz-Sanchez, Art. Castro & Clark TYPE:— MEXICO. Durango. Municipality Pueblo Nuevo: Santa Bárbara, Santa Bárbara State Park to the end of the interpretative trail, 3 km from the bifurcation to the Puentecillas State Park, 2724 m, 15 Dec 2015 (sterile), A. Castro-Castro and J. G. González-Gallegos 4241 (holotype: CIIDIR!; isotypes: IBUG!, ISC!, MEXU!). Description:—Rhizomes pachymorph, short-necked. Culms 1.5–3.0 m tall, 10–20 mm in basal diameter, erect, somewhat arching toward the apices. Internodes 80–170 mm long, 15–36 per culm, terete, glabrous, green to dark green purple, hollow, the walls 3–5 mm thick, the lacuna occupying 50% of the total diameter. Culm leaves 100–190 mm long, extending along the whole internode and overlapping the next node, persistent and disintegrating on the culm, glabrous; sheaths 90–140 mm long, rectangular with a strongly convex apex, 3.3–9.0 times as long as the blade, with margins ciliolate from white cilia; blades 10–42 mm long, triangular, erect, persistent, short mucronate at apex, with margins finely ciliate, abaxially and adaxially glabrous becoming adaxially sparsely pubescent toward the apex; girdle absent; inner ligule ca. 0.05 mm long, ciliate. Nodes at mid culm with the central bud slightly larger than the subsidiaries, triangular; subsidiary buds 3–6 per complement, axillary, closely adjacent and linearly arranged in 1 row, with the base of the buds arising about 2 mm above the nodal line; prophylls with ciliate margins; nodal line more or less horizontal, supranodal ridge present and prominent. Branching intravaginal; 3–6 branches per node, growing almost parallel to the main culm, 130–400 mm long, 1–2 mm in diameter, rebranching (second order) and developing a single branch. Foliage leaves 3–9 per complement; sheaths glabrous, with entire margin; blades 90–165 mm long, 5–12 mm wide, L:W 13–21; blades adaxially and abaxially strongly tessellate, glabrous, attenuate at base, subulate at apex, with finely scabrous margin; pseudopetioles 1.5–3.0 mm long, adaxially and abaxially glabrous; inner ligules 5–10 mm long, well developed, clasping the branch, abaxially glabrous; outer ligule a ciliate irregular rim 0.2–1.0 mm long. Synflorescences 45–90 mm long, 1–15 mm wide, narrow, somewhat congested, not fully exserted from the subtending sheath; rachis slightly sinuate, angular, slightly scabrous; branches appressed, but not strongly so, ascending, 10–20 mm long, angular, scabrous; pedicels 1–5(–7) mm long, angular, scabrous. Spikelets (6.2–)7.2–8.8(–10.8) mm long, 1–1.3 mm wide, glabrous, laterally compressed. Glumes I and II ovate, obtuse, glabrous, enervate; glume I (0.2–)0.6– 1(–1.4) mm long, 1/50–1/5 the spikelet length; glume II 0.6–1.2 mm long, 1/15–1/4 the spikelet length. Glumes III and IV scabrous, awned, margin entire, ciliate to the apex; glume III including the awn (4.4–)4.6–6.8(–7.2) mm long, 5-nerved, the awn (0.6–) 1.2–2.2 mm, 1/4–3/4 the spikelet length; glume IV including the awn (5.6–)5.8–7.8(–8.2) mm long, 3–4-nerved, the awn 0.6–1.2 mm long, 1/2–9/10 the spikelet length, 4–5-nerved. Lemmas (6–) 8–9 mm long, 7–nerved, green, scabrous, awned, margin ciliate toward the apex; awn 0.6–0.8 mm long, 5-nerved. Paleas (6–) 8–9 mm long, 2–nerved, scabrous; nerves scabrous, apex biapiculate, the sulcus scabrous. Lodicules 3, membranaceous, 0.6–0.8 mm long, glabrous, hyaline, margin entire, apex truncate. Stamens and stigmas not seen. Fruit not seen (Fig. 4). Habitat and distribution:— Chusquea septentrionalis was described from Durango state, known from three localities (Ruiz-Sanchez et al. 2017). This species inhabits coniferous forest growing from 2333–2729 m (including elevation data from the new records first reported here). We recorded the presence of this species far north (25°39’49.17’’N, 107°0’25.44’’W) in Sinaloa state from the type locality (Fig. 2, 5), making this species unquestionably the northernmost of the genus. Comparison:—Synflorescences and spikelets of C. septentrionalis are more similar to C. bilimekii than to C. perotensis (Table 2). Synflorescences are congested-paniculate in C. septentrionalis and C. bilimekii and openpaniculate in C. perotensis. Further comparisons will be between C. septentrionalis and C. bilimekii. Glumes I and II are glabrous in C. septentrionalis and abaxially pubescent in C. bilimekii. Glumes III and IV are abaxially scabrous in C. septentrionalis and pubescent in C. bilimekii. Glumes III and IV are awned in C. septentrionalis, but are subulate and apiculate in C. bilimekii. Lemmas are shorter (6–) 8–9 mm and abaxially scabrous in C. septentrionalis, and these are longer (9.6–10.1 mm) and pubescent in C. bilimekii (Table 2). Etymology:—The specific epithet refers to this species having the northernmost distribution among the members of Chusquea subg. Swallenochloa . Phenology:—The first known flowering record for this species was collected during the summer of 2019 (A. Castro-Castro et al. 4600). All flowers examined from this specimen, however, were past mature and had no fruits. Specimens examined:— Durango: Durango municipality, Salto del Agua Llovida, km 58 de la brecha Navios-El Regocijo-San Isidro-Molinillos, a partir del km 72 de la carretera Méx. 40 Durango-Mazatlán, 23°32’15.6’’N, 104°15’15.5’’W, 2333 m, 10 julio 2019, (fl), A. Castro-Castro et al. 4600 (CIIDIR, IBUG); Pueblo Nuevo, La Ciudad, Parque Ecoturístico Mexiquillo, alrededores de la cascada, 23°42’5’’N, 105°40’14.9’’W, 2551 m elevación, 8 agosto 2019, A. Castro-Castro et al. 4497 (CIIDIR); parque la Pirámide, camino en cañada, paralelo al primer túnel, carretera Durango-Mazatlán, 23°43’5.09’’N, 105°31’2.39’’W, 2729 m, 27 agosto 2021, S.E. Centeno & R. Machado 152 (CIIDIR). Sinaloa: Badiraguato, Santa Gertrudis, camino a Santa Gertrudis-Alisitos-La Herradura, 25°39’49.17’’N, 107°0’25.44’’W, 2560 m elevación, 1 noviembre 2020, E.I. Rojas-Aguilar & M.A. González-Bernal 398a (CIIDIR, IBUG).Published as part of Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo, Castro-Castro, Arturo & Clark, Lynn G., 2022, A new informal group in Chusquea subg. Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) and emended descriptions for the Mexican endemics C. enigmatica and C. septentrionalis, pp. 47-58 in Phytotaxa 554 (1) on pages 51-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.554.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/680977
Fotografía familiar Zacarías Estrada, Francisca Betancourt, Margot Estrada
No full textReproducción digital. Madrid : Red.es : Ministerio de Defensa, 201
A new informal group in Chusquea subg. Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) and emended descriptions for the Mexican endemics C. enigmatica and C. septentrionalis
No full textRuiz-Sanchez, Eduardo, Castro-Castro, Arturo, Clark, Lynn G. (2022): A new informal group in Chusquea subg. Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) and emended descriptions for the Mexican endemics C. enigmatica and C. septentrionalis. Phytotaxa 554 (1): 47-58, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.554.1.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.554.1.
FIGURE 4. Chusquea septentrionalis. A. Synflorescence. B. Flowering branch showing persistent lower glumes. C. Spikelet. D in A new informal group in Chusquea subg. Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) and emended descriptions for the Mexican endemics C. enigmatica and C. septentrionalis
No full textFIGURE 4. Chusquea septentrionalis. A. Synflorescence. B. Flowering branch showing persistent lower glumes. C. Spikelet. D. Lower glumes (I, II). E. Upper glumes (III, IV). F. Lemma (right) and palea (left). Based on A. Castro-Castro et al. 4600. Illustration by Juvenal Aragón Parada.Published as part of Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo, Castro-Castro, Arturo & Clark, Lynn G., 2022, A new informal group in Chusquea subg. Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) and emended descriptions for the Mexican endemics C. enigmatica and C. septentrionalis, pp. 47-58 in Phytotaxa 554 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.554.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/680977
FIGURE 3. Chusquea enigmatica. A in A new informal group in Chusquea subg. Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) and emended descriptions for the Mexican endemics C. enigmatica and C. septentrionalis
No full textFIGURE 3. Chusquea enigmatica. A. Plants of C. enigmatica in the understory of the montane cloud forest in the State of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. B. Plants of C. enigmatica growing in a clearing of the montane cloud forest in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico. C. Leptmorph rhizome. D-E. Branches and foliage leaves from Hidalgo (D) and San Luis Potosí (E). A, E. Photos by Julián Hernández Rendón. B-D. Photos by Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez.Published as part of Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo, Castro-Castro, Arturo & Clark, Lynn G., 2022, A new informal group in Chusquea subg. Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) and emended descriptions for the Mexican endemics C. enigmatica and C. septentrionalis, pp. 47-58 in Phytotaxa 554 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.554.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/680977
Chusquea enigmatica emend. Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules, Cortes & L. G. Clark 2014
No full textChusquea enigmatica emend. Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejía-Saulés, Cortés & L.G. Clark TYPE:— MEXICO. Veracruz: cima del volcán de Acatlán sobre el anillo de la parte sureste, suelo negro, planta estéril, bosque de Fagus grandifolia Ehrhart (1788: 22) con Podocarpus matudae Lundell (1937: 212), 19°47’48.2’’ N, 100°41’42.3’’ W, 1960 m, 19 February 2013, E. Ruiz-Sanchez & T.M. Mejía-Saulés 434a (holotype: XAL!, isotypes: IEB!, ISC!, MEXU!). Description:—Rhizomes leptomorph, 0.4–1 m long. Culms 0.2–2 m tall, 0.5–5 mm in basal diameter, erect, decumbent and geniculate. Internodes 10–35 mm long, 12–15 per culm, terete, glabrous, green, solid. Culm leaves 23–48 mm long, glabrous, straw-colored, deciduous as branches develop; sheaths 18–39 mm long, rectangular with rounded shoulders, 4–6 times as long as the blade, the margins entire or ciliate on both sides, glabrous; blades 3–9 mm long, narrowly triangular, erect, deciduous, apex acuminate, margins entire or slightly ciliate, glabrous; girdle not developed, inner ligule 0.2–0.5 mm long, glabrous, truncate. Nodes at mid culm with 1–3 buds, composed of one larger triangular central bud subtended by 1–2 slightly smaller triangular, closely adjacent subsidiary buds arranged in a single line; nodal line horizontal, supranodal ridge present and prominent. Branching extravaginal or intravaginal on the same culms, the sheaths deciduous, 1–3 branches per node, diverging from the main culm at 45°, 90–150 mm long, 1–1.5 mm in diameter, some rebranching. Foliage leaves (5–)6–9(11) per complement; sheaths glabrous, the summit short ciliate; leaf blades 100–117 mm long, 0.8–12 mm wide, L:W = 8–14, abaxially glaucous and adaxially green, glabrous, not tessellate, the base oblique, the apex apiculate, the margin finely scabrous on both sides; pseudopetioles 1–1.5 mm long, adaxially and abaxially glabrous, inner ligule 2–3 mm, rounded; outer ligule to 0.2–0.3 mm long, glabrous or finely ciliate. Synflorescences 6–120 mm long, 4–110 mm wide, open, paniculate; rachis angular, slightly scabrous; branches spreading, the lower ones 3–65 mm long, angular, scabrous; pedicels (1–)3–5(–9) mm long, angular, scabrous. Spikelets 6.8–7.4 mm long, 0.9–1.2 mm wide, laterally compressed. Glumes I and II ovate, obtuse, margin entire, scabrous, enervate; glume I 0.4–0.7 mm long, 1/20–1/10 the spikelet length; glume II 0.5–0.7 mm long, 3/50–1/10 the spikelet length. Glumes III and IV glabrous, scabrous toward the apex, 1-nerved, awned, margin ciliate toward the apex; glume III including the awn 2.8–3.8 mm long, the awn 0.5–0.6 mm, 2/5–1/2 the spikelet length; glume IV including the awn 3.2–4 mm long, the awn 0.4–0.7 mm long, ca. 1/2 the spikelet length. Lemmas 6.6–7.4 mm long, 5– nerved, green becoming purplish, scabridulous, awned, margin ciliate to the apex; awn 0.5–0.6 mm long. Paleas 6.4–7 mm long, 2–nerved, scabridulous; nerves scabrous, apex biapiculate, the sulcus scabridulous. Lodicules 3, 1.1–1.4 mm long, glabrous, hyaline, margin ciliate, cilia hyaline. Stamens and stigmas not seen. Fruit not seen (Fig. 1). Habitat and distribution:— Chusquea enigmatica was described from a single locality in Veracruz state in a montane cloud forest dominated by Fagus grandiflora and Podocarpus matudae at 1960 m (Ruiz-Sanchez et al. 2014a). However, new collections were made from Hidalgo and San Luis Potosí (Figs. 2, 3) in montane cloud forest at elevations of 1738–2015 m. Comparison:—Synflorescences and spikelets of Chusquea enigmatica are similar to those of C. lanceolata (Table 1). However, although the primary synflorescence branches in both species are spreading, all higher-order branchlets and pedicels in C. lanceolata are appressed to the primary branches, whereas in C. enigmatica, these are also spreading. The sizes of glumes I, II, III and IV are somewhat larger in C. lanceolata, and the abaxial indument is different. Chusquea enigmatica has scabrous and awned glumes III and IV, and these are pubescent below the apex and subulate in C. lanceolata. Glume IV is 1-nerved in C. enigmatica and 3-, 5- or 7-nerved in C. lanceolata, and the lemma is 5-nerved in C. enigmatica and 7- or 9-nerved in C. lanceolata (Table 1). Etymology:—The specific epithet refers to the unusual morphology with leptomorph rhizomes and reduction in bud and culm sizes and the consequent difficulty in classifying this species within one of the known sections of Chusquea. Phenology:— The first known flowering record for this species occurred during the summer of 2019 (S. Zamudio, J. Ceja & A. Mendoza 17454). Specimens examined:— Hidalgo: Tianguistengo, km 3 del camino Tianguistengo-Zacualtipán. Límites municipales de Zacualtipán y Tianguistengo, 20°42’21.74’’N, 98° 38’46.3’’W, 1789 m, 19 abril 2018, D. S. Figueroa & D. Juárez 217 (IBUG); cueva de El Diablo, 20° 42’ 19.95’’N, 98° 38’ 52.98’’W, 1830 m, 10 agosto 2018, E. RuizSanchez & D. Ramos 616 (IBUG). San Luis Potosí: Xilitla, La Trinidad, 21°24’ 39.78’’N, 99°03’52.8’’W, 1805 m, 27 abril 2017, B. Tellez & Y. Rico 3 (IEB); ejido La Trinidad, sendero que va a la cueva, 21°24’45’’N, 99°04’4.45’’W, 2015 m, 6 octubre 2017, J.P. Brunel et al. 334 (IBUG); camino del poblado La Trinidad al Llano de La Garza, 21°24’56”N, 99°04’49”W, 2051 m, 2, julio 2017, S. Zamudio et al. 17230 (IBUG); camino de La Trinidad al Llano de la Garza, 21° 24’39.78’’N, 99°03’52.8’’W, 1890 m, 3 julio 2017, J. Hernández Rendón et al. 118 (IBUG); ca. del Mirador, cerro La Silleta, 21°26’38’’N, 99°03’38’’W, 1738 m, 5 julio 2019 (fl), S. Zamudio, J. Ceja & A. Mendoza 17454 (IBUG).Published as part of Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo, Castro-Castro, Arturo & Clark, Lynn G., 2022, A new informal group in Chusquea subg. Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) and emended descriptions for the Mexican endemics C. enigmatica and C. septentrionalis, pp. 47-58 in Phytotaxa 554 (1) on pages 48-50, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.554.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/680977
Coleccion de las mejores comedias nuevas que se van representando en los teatros de esta Corte : tomo IV que comprenden las representadas en el año de 1792
No full textMarca tip. en portCada una de las comedias que no tiene port. tiene colofón: Se hallará con la Coleccion de las nuevas en las Librerías de Castillo ...Sign.: []\p2\s, A-C\p4\s, D\p1\s ; A-D\p4\s ; []\p2\s, A-D\p4\s, E\p2\s, a-b\p4\s, a\p4\s, b\p2\s ; A-D\p4\s, E\p3\s ; A-D\p4\s ; a-d\p4\s, e\p1\s ; A-D\p4\s, []\p1\s ; a-d\p4\s, []\p1\s ; a-e\p4\s, f\p2\s ; a\p8\s ; a-b\p4\s ; A\p6\sContiene como consta en r. de []\p2\s: El mas heroyco español / compuesta por Joseph Concha. Jerusalen conquistada por Gofredo de Bullon / su autor Vicente Rodriguez de Arellano y el Arco. El amor perseguido y la virtud triunfante / su autor Gaspar Zavala y Zamora, la acompaña una loa alegorica ... y un saynete nuevo, todo del citado autor, con port. propia: Madrid, en la oficina de Ramon Ruiz, 1792. Defensa de Barcelona por la más fuerte amazona / por Fermin del Rey. De un acaso nacen muchos / por L.A.J.M. La desgraciada hermosura ó Doña Ines de Castro : tragedia en cinco actos / sacada de su mas veridico suceso P.D.A.R.Y., con port. propia: Madrid, en la oficina de Ramon Ruiz, 1792. El alba y el sol / [Luis Vélez de Guevara]. El tirano de Lombardia / [Francisco Roca y Llanoré]. Como ha de ser la amistad : comedia nueva en tres actos/ escrita por L.A.J.M. La buena esposa / por Luciano Francisco Comella". El feliz encuentro / de Goldoni ; puesta en verso y aumentada por L.A.J.M. El reconocimiento del tio, y la sobrina : tonadilla por mal nombre y por bueno intermedio de musica ... / la poesia es de Pedro Rodriguez ; la composición musica de Pablo Esteve y Grimau ..., con port. propia: Madrid, en la oficina de Ramon Ruiz, 1792
FIGURE 3. Bessera elegantissima. A in Morphological variation in Bessera (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae) allows for the recognition of two new species
No full textFIGURE 3. Bessera elegantissima. A. Complete plant with corms, leaves, inflorescence and flowers. B. Dissected flower. C. Flower, lateral view. D. Membranous staminal tube with filaments and anthers. E. Fruit. F. Seeds. Watercolor illustration by Fátima Bracamontes.Published as part of Gándara, Etelvina, Ortiz-Brunel, Juan Pablo, Castro-Castro, Arturo & Sanchez, Eduardo Ruiz-, 2021, Morphological variation in Bessera (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae) allows for the recognition of two new species, pp. 257-271 in Phytotaxa 512 (4) on page 264, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.512.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/530714
Diseño de una planta piloto desalinizadora de agua controlada por un sistema HMI/SCADA, para la capacitación de los alumnos de la Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Electrónica de la Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo
No full textLa presente investigación se realiza en la Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, tiene como objetivo: La capacitación de los alumnos de la escuela profesional de Ingeniería Electrónica en el diseño de una planta piloto desalinizadora de agua controlada por un sistema HMI/SCADA. El trabajo inicialmente consistió en controlar una planta desalinizadora a través del sistema HMI/SCADA para esto primero elegimos el Sistema de osmosis Inversa el cual usa una membrana y de acuerdo a la elección de esta membrana se debe considerar la salinidad, el PH (7), la temperatura (25°C) y los sólidos en suspensión, gases disueltos que deben ingresar a esta membrana, para ello se consideró mejorar el pretratamiento y la temperatura antes del ingreso en el sistema y esto pueda extender la vida útil de la membrana, para ello se ha considerado el uso de la de transmisores de flujo, temperatura, nivel y también electroválvulas, electrobombas, en el caso del pretratamiento tamices rotativos y rejas de desbaste, para ello hemos estudiado el sistema de desalinización del agua (osmosis inversa) y así plantear el diseño estructural del sistema de desalinización del agua de mar, el diseño del sistema de supervisión y control del sistema y seleccionar los equipos e instrumentos adecuados para el sistema. Esto nos llevó a estudiar el agua de mar en nuestro territorio y en las costas del norte del país y nos dio como datos preliminares la salinidad (33,2 a 35,6 UPS), PH (7.5 a 8.4), temperatura (19°C - 21°C)
GIS and Palaentology integrated application for the recognition of tsunamigenic events in Doñana National Park
No full textDissertação de mestrado, Geomática, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Universidade do Algarve, 2014The present work aimed to characterize the actual and past environments at Doñana National Park (SW Spain) throughout the study of benthic foraminifera assemblages at two drill holes (cores C and D, from Ruiz et al., 2004) and twenty surface samples, as well as to recognize and confirm the occurrence of extreme energy events (storms/tsunamis) around 2165 yrs B.P. (215 yrs BC).
The studied tsunamigenic beds have between 8 to 26 cm in Core C and 40 to 10 cm in Core D. Almost all the variables studied in the present work concur with previous works on tsunamigenic layers found worldwide. These variables include the foraminifera species found in the tsunamigenic layer, the composition of sand beds (suggesting strong waves and currents), the presence of reworked molluscs, marine foraminifera taxa, high values for planktonic/benthic ratio, and high Shannon H, Fisher Alpha and Species richness diversity indexes.
In our case the diversity index that evidences the most the occurrence of a tsunami seems to be Fisher Alpha, which value is much higher than the other registered in both cores.
Regarding foraminifera species, results with relative abundance >1% were considered in the present work, rather than abundances >5% as used by many authors. These results show the presence of marine foraminifera at the tsunamigenic layers, and their absence in the remaining records, which appeared extremely important for the recognition of the occurrence of these high energy events.
From the twenty surface samples studied, only eight presented foraminifera content, which did not allow to compare the actual environments with the palaeoenvironments recorded in Cores C and D.
Finally, ArcGIS software and Geosoft Target extension helped the micropalaeontological study, enabling to confirm the palaeoenvironmts description made for Doñana National Park by other authors, as well as the occurrence of palaeotsunamis in this area
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