5 research outputs found
Three-dimensional color maps: A novel tool for assessing craniofacial changes
No full textIntroduction: Three-dimensional (3D) color maps are useful for analyzing data acquired by laser scanning, stereophotography, or computed tomography (CT). The authors aim to illustrate the different applications of color maps in the craniomaxillofacial region. Methods: The images obtained from the above techniques at 2 different time points are superimposed based on a common area unaffected by the surgical intervention or growth. Using specialized software, the distance differences between the 2 superimposed images are depicted in a graphical format as a 3D color map. A color-coded scale indicating the distances accompanies these maps. Results: 3D color maps can be manipulated and viewed in a variety of angles to extract the maximum diagnostic information. They facilitate the critical evaluation of facial asymmetry, accuracy of fusing CT and 3D photo data sets, and postsurgical changes. Conclusion. 3D color maps aid the objective assessment of craniofacial structures while enhancing visual comprehension and communication with patients. © The Author(s) 2010.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Computer-aided maxillofacial surgery: An update
No full textIntroduction: Recent developments in technology have revolutionized medicine and surgery. This article aims at providing an update on the current trends in computer-aided maxillofacial surgery and illustrates these advances with clinical cases. Methods: The PubMed database was searched for articles published during the past 5 years using the keywords maxillofacial and surgery, computer-assisted. Full texts of relevant articles were retrieved, and their study details were extracted. Results: Among the 133 articles, most focused on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), stereophotography, surgical panning software, and intraoperative navigation. Stereophotography produces 3D facial photographs with natural color and texture, whereas CBCT generates excellent hard-tissue images with a substantially lower radiation than conventional CT scans. Information gathered from CBCT and stereophotography can be used for accurate diagnosis, virtual planning, and simulation of surgery with the aid of specialized software. The preplanned treatment can be executed accurately via intraoperative surgical navigation. Conclusion. Tremendous potential exists for computer-aided maxillofacial surgery as it moves from research to clinical care. © The Author(s) 2010.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
0003
No full textUAII.V i-ALt-
AUU
rtlA-ES. FRIDAY, JUNE m. i.io
Call. PalO HltO OllttCS .*>*l»l*r. lasaalor, parpr-
*B- —. — -■_ . iratar. prrawptar aad roroaar ol Ih.
m-*_T*J-~im.L. ' ."a"? *^'klm*\\ | Hill. rBBIBSla. rails* It. ForsniB-
*~%i3«B"riiM4iHn.r; co»r..KY '■**'■ ** °~ *>***«. »'
— isit .u.*i--i.io. £S£" ~ j ***»; M" ■*•"*" ■"" "* "**-
fPfi" a* mtrama.* ■ worked on* p*ycbo-S4fmell*»]og-i. r-
Kaattm* ***** __b**. hut tka .n«nuinri!ai-a una nl
■ ■Um
Other, bat th* coainvoaplac* on* Of
*^f^^^m^m^\.-
:k-*g^^*r5ji&?sz_ ******* ******
.9*1***:****. ***? ^T^-i-,r_i'-»'--lrB!r-,! a**- « •*« *••• b.r
*y***"**_^"*** **f ess*** *T is* w»a aaaaa « ______ . ______
• set j houaehoId probletn*. Oas would
*_^\ tblnh Ibat a sn*r*so wbo r*slly
"': j seere-t on tbls Btibject oronld strtho
i eln** lo th* m other-1 ode of Inslaa-
W* bar* r**tl
nam bars wltl
i * I bravery and resignation. Bhe b*B
f^W'L «... 9*. ***** lt^^-Wa'hlf*-aa*lt-*bouk..b* ggursd" down t-
tbe last rrs-e-petai. Tb* dish** an
******* **_**_*_^*****_*** ***• *** seabed by th* aroma of tha bondolr.
.£?« ^aa-aavS bi ■ wsTeiir -Nothing taskr nr bushy Jar. th* am
LT realty of Ideal Using Sncceoa
■ com** with tb* war* of 4h* magic
wand. She aboo* away dull cars
-FR1DAT. ' JUNE
llli*.
"~ ana (alls tb* ladle* how lo b* happy though marrl.'I. Now If h-r
rati* ***** I* lb* rani thing sh* should
get mor* circulation than tba Woman's National Dally and mor* ads
raUIc-gu*—
looking over tbe stock
at nny large nawaaland, yos trill
-neobnblr **• snmnta. of Iltil. mag- tfM
oslo** nf a spawn mor* or I*** r** bn| do#, ^ ,
■ ***** ts Habbsrds phiiis'ln* Tbey
arc largely d*rot*d to crnnklsms or
-on* kind nr another K*w tbongbt,
pbychle Kct-rocs, socialism, psycho
therapy, spiritual lam, i. noaophy.
and eonrsntlon shock«ry. A good
asar-y of lh*m nr* d*cld*dly on tbe
Th*r«, go** tb* operator, rattling
on tb* door, ror mor* cony, b**or*
w* hat* a chance to bring tbl*
sereed to n proper conclualoh.
fsank- If tb
tbslr printing Mils, ther* must be
Some day. wh*n Pop Smith ba* two
mluHtns of I*l*-*re, we sr* going to
talk tb* mailer orer with him and
*B ****** figure ont a plan tor starting a fool.
-ametm soft pseolo In tb* worid than
•on* wonM tblnh.
klil*r manasln* devoted to lh* taab
of pelsUng ont tb* bumorons *ld*
pf ladsetrial. social, medical and rs*
Nnw. urban there ara too maay WoB< ntwm
sUUngs going al-satbr. the most nnt- .
•ami thing In tb* world to do 1* to ,_ - . .
start som* more. Until tb* pnnks.PfllO AllO AftlSl
get ao think tbat tb* f*rtnis*r tn
the soil is all used ap, th«y nil bono; . Yf\_\$ H.fln HOROrS
goluc. Tb* only way to hill tbetu ^
off I* to plaat strongsr nnd bitter
tblnc* tn fill tb* demand until lb* | *.DOI_PH itKIWOS AWAHDKD sa.
poor oas* drop' out of tb* ruenl
.through lasbillty tn m*s*ur* Up- (
Vast. tmagln* s gristly old fraud
starting a grsftnmag apl*l with s!
run nnd Jump life* Ihls: "W* Sud
-on lavestlgntlon tbst sll lb* laba*> . l-it --. r -.t'lon hss Just been re-
• Hants of the Immortal spheres *«r.:r.!v,' liar* tbat a Pslo Alto youtb
born on Berth. Mar*. Jupiter, flats'1.
VOX GOLD MEDAL IN PARIS
POB lATBtfrT PAINTING.
*jrn. nnd upon tin other planet*
wblrb bav* gnn* throngb lb* proc-
bas won ■ th* blgboil honors tor bis
putntiwt. "Moonlight lu Vealee.'*
I of geologic growth.*' Thai Is a i *-**••■•*•'"*' ** **• ***** "Ion. Tb*
smotatlon from Andruw Jachsoa Da- fort a aat* young mnn la Adolpb
vus. vTfennver he Is. ws do not. Bsrson. son of Mr. nnd Mrs. C. B*r
Amew. and w. would ran pratlJ|r-rj of .„ p^.^ „„„
fast *o as-old finding oat. Y*t h»< '
appear, to be tbe author of a Ual nr TMn« ****** *** ***** ********
•books long enough to tnakn Doctor Ior * number bt year* In Pari* and
Bitot's firs-toot shslf look ilk* the haa atruj,K.rd to tb* top by *arn**t
Autobiography of a Hottentot. Tbr and con*-lenttnu* endeavor. Tb*
Ont of litis* of bis work (T) • fills, art critics la tb* i'renrb capital ar*
gwn page* of tbs llltU msgaalu*. load In their pnln* of bis sccom
t*ss*lng' orer sntb titles as "Magi. pli*bm*st*. tb* preM dvrotlng much
njutf." Tb* B^r." 'Tb* TbtBker", spec* to bla nntso-orthy code*ton.
nod Tb* Tenrber" w* will men-,Nol only la bta latest worh. ".Moan.
Cbon one. called "tlreat BarmoBla,'light Id V*nle*." lb* furor ot Paris!
T-slng a Pbllonopblcal
Ranches For Sale
Adjoining ataafard Oaltm
groasds. soar **** Altoa. Slioo. _
acre* IS sag d*alr*d alas—ALL AT
IiAKUADt PRICK*. Call and n
*0 *er— Soar Lea Alto*,
mloutsf tn d*eot; grand soil,
beet for rim* or art-bard. For abort
lime. Fsteo MM noes.
IS acrea— 1 1-S mil** Lei* Alto*
fully Improved, modtsru bous*, the
boot well. taab. atlll. water anft; I
acrea IS flu* bearing orchard:
coma alwnya ts ba depended oa aa
good; beautiful surroundings. Pries
lo b* sdranoad soon Price i
-Help Wanted--
College Girls
deaSrlsg t* a**esd I
boose at Sl* lo tit •
AdeoetAss la Tb* Tlssa*.
VVnaisd—&oapaetnbla yuasg wo*
, man wlsns* sltuatlos aa prisale
_____ . i laandrssa aad chambermaid A-. ■
Two miles Loo AJto*. pIy Ptt#r Harck**. Premost aresuo.
Mounuin vi*w. (-;_-tt«
orchard, bungalow.
abundance nraw ood; grand nsw
ewer buy and_ vnlley; b**t aatgh-
borhood
rwjniEHIC HIOUltD * oo.
Mag-gill milNisis
•Tor Rssi—Modern grs-roont cot- if *** mn ymy y**r bill, them lbs
tag* with irsalars anal hardwood r„ -^ Mn |W 1KII he .ww bbwi
■ aay* bn cas't psr bt*
•toon. Ill Wsswrler st.
Wanl*d—Position as staaog.aph-
et; srell raroud la German, undnr*
staeds mimeographing: wonts oz-
perisnee- will clork. Afidrsaa Dos
11. Times offle*. «-21-Iw
Bant — tlsclrte ..
I .isaaar st tl psr day. TI4 W*bsi*r
g-l-lme
WaBt*g--IaSc* eurtalBS, tn* *aa-
brt-rfdery. washed and doss sg na
lit Lyttoa aesraa*.
•Ml-lm
Wanted-—Japua sua wants work,
day or boar, aa honssclsaasr. cook.
waiter, washing or Ironing. Osorg*
Nnha. Tl« Ramooa. Pboo* IIIX.
g-ll-lw*
lowsr gat. Ill Alma: appor flatlttl
Hryant Vacuam clssssg rooms.
l-s-lm*
Varsity Tailor Shop
For Rest—Darin* tbe mosth et
Jnn*. n sew test rwtiag* at Mount
Hsrssau. Per particulars wrtiu
Ban X. Tlm** offle* 6-iiwr
' Psr Rsst— A1U Hsll. oa tto
third floor of Ua Slmklns balldlag.
Is available for saaall meetings at a
ruatal or 11.11 par meeting. Ks-
gulra Tlmaa offle* -lit
Am* Rsducsd—rut* downtown 4
IT sou I BuSTtagq View.
■Editor TIsmb: Tb* editorial ysn-
terday-ln favor of rots* for worn**
la moat r-ncilurBglng. **p*clally
sin-.. It sa* voluntary Ther* us*d
lo b* many m*n In th* suffrag. -rr- W*Blad—Wom*u sod » girt* tor
_***___•• ****** *_*_ Lpr^paVs.t*.?^-r^. sa
tip*. Onrrison ssd !>**eh*r. And h,ralsb*d. Apply 3*mm 3 DsU.:,^^ ,
today maa ar* "Joining In the work..fruit drier. 8 P. ro*d. Mosaiain ___+__ i3__ nnmat (T*l 4MT)
notably In Los Aug*!**, Hoston. View Phon* Suburban 1TX-1. _ ' £ ■ 4-14-tf
New Tork and tllinoio Oood m*n. **1**1*"
•*g*r to gain good government, ar*; Wanted Capable lady or gnatls*
eonrlncsd that woman would help, man -solicitor: --ood ap*cl*l article*
toward tbalr alma. Ao Tb* Tlm**. Apply I te I p. a. Comptou's.
•aya. tb* other kind ot mtn
sure ther don't waat woman
rot*.
_ :< Ham
..REFRIGERATORS..
CvUaOfUO OOCKiia*M, I0TI AJTP
Vt'IHlB POBCH.gHADKB. aTVMBTa
THING FOB W'MMBR
I Wanlsd—Board and room tor
0 young lady wbo wltl enter Stsaford
University at tb* S«st term Ad*
aotablf omission draoo. giving tall particulars et toot the articles about a*t*\******* ****'___B* *"•*'' *_____***
1^ OroTlll*. CnL MMI
FOR H-I.K,
W. F. Pennebnker's
Pur Sale—Astrncban apples
plea or Jelly. 7*c bos; small
40c. Bos 111. Palo Alto, l-ie-lf-
■tiwst.
Sal*—Puroltsr* of r.-roo.n:
•aoatly new. whole or part;
leavlcg couBtry. 411 High
l-IJ-lw*
Por gals—Puraltaru of IT rooms.
la 1
Irag* Thar prssist It ss If It wosl
som**blng far ln tb* future, asdi n-jp Wanted Poopls dsslrlsg "bol* or part. 411 Bmsisun sL.eor.
bsd nsvsr beet, tried snywber* oeihctp for tb* sammer should adrsr*, J*7**0*1- Bngulrs for Mrs. A- "
earth An oanre of fact ts worth ath* In Tb* Tin**, station kind of:l'*nees. i~"**1
,., _» ,_,__,.- Wash... i..-. #„it .. b*lp u**d*d, hours of employment
loo nf tbeorr Women hav* M\**i„^Mimrr ofr-r#(.. S.IT
psrttsl * suffrage, In lwwss***jBwgj in i ■
•tat** right now, and rampalansj .
ar* oo In fonr state* for tb* fall . Announcement
election, 1* tba slat** wb*r* we-| __________
ssnn bar* full suffrage—Wyoming
stare III*. Colorado slsrs lttl.
City
Gtrbage Company
The r-taly cooBptasy that I
oshBoos aaagnr tbs dtr ead.
lOOMM,
Pnr Sale or Bant—gasp. I lone*— I to yowr aggrsos at oace. Arlitrsaq
Idssl for offto* or I famlil**, also ,, Half-rasa
lot. or scrss nr. Onlr. A. W\ Ball.1 . * ___, \L. .,
Ill Homsr. fTsl. 1IIT.I 4-14-tf I *•. °- *** ***< **** ***** <-»»-
MIm Bertha Iteald bas clewed her
, muslr claaa (or a abort vacation.
Tub siscs III* and-Idaho sines hot will resataw her work la inly.
|II«_none of the Imsglnary Uon- 9pecial work is planned for tbe
hies ot the theorist bum appeared, summer months and tb* n*st yssr.
•m— mar atalaa tta*. a iomm itmt* **** ***** *** ***** ********* ***
Th*u* tour state* bar* a long l«t,Cllf-r 9fmm ,hfl pnat rw *_* *_>.
of accompllahm*nta lhat CallfornU pro-|nf tisr methods of teaching tn
bal not* Por IbsUbcs, compulsory jsvury way paaalbl*, so as to mak*
•docatlon law reach** to stsl**n, Jber work n romplet* aucces* in
Itn t,B*.r-Ar..».. ***ntnltAl^**l__J^r «;*_„-„***.
dr*n ln tnnrtly horn**, ag* .of enn-lp^t Tta,r -.^ ^n -,*, latprovsg lb*
ae*t it or 21 years, fstbsra and) ssst ysar.
mother* share In gaardlaasblp of; "*""""*~^*"*" '
chlMtwn. sgual psy ter nasal wuik.I•A'r ******* COUNT* TAX
UOLIaKtTOR OI1CB MJDDSNLT
■lies property rights prolaet*-l
■>«a,i..to-.i..4■«. „,.».■»,, ua,,.„ »M<i^7.r^.aS;*j^^/l^ir,,,^r!riss **• <a.ri-riri*c-«t... u,
tort a, -Am* nt. ':._*_*"^ZJ!°^ m.7^. '. i -..!-..» o, -.. *..«, mm,, ta,
»rtalB laailtutlons having woman! al bla boms la B*dwood City short*
tlsl TJnltnrs*"— in tflvw volum**. f guars," which assures him th* priv
Tbnra must b* psopl* lo bsy^^och iiegu ot sshlMtlag at nil fntir* *a-
gtuK or tbe author could not afford'loose witbont awaiting tb* verdict
ts bars It printed list wbn are of ths salon Jury Tbls palntlag
tobey-t Tbey ar* tb* - rark-hralned baa b**n awarded lh* salon gold
•Jpbn nas* np mor* *Berg* rounlag msdal. a dlstlagolahed honor In
nftsr pnendo sd*wta than It wo-tldj Buronesn art circles is lb* tint*
tanks n ansa pvrnon to com* Into -o- b* bs* b**a reaUlag In Psrt* bu
•annlntanen with lha rest arUels ban worked under tbs direction ot
"jto* cannot so much hlame th*lL* Peer* and P1*nry. both much
sr I nil-Jammer raHgionUt wbo etartsj sought Instnictbrs.
•nsit wttb tbs Ml design ot rollr-t-j Mr. Barlons mother Is s.slater of
snug bis dap** of their ready cnib.l A made* Joullln. whose week Is
At* has had so many ablnlng exam-i widely known, and be le a cousin of
i to follow, and he knows tLatjBmii* Joullla, ihe noted young no*
gt new erne- Is born erory mlnate.
W* one* kh*w n nun wbo mad*
• Utwag by s*lllng htsatth foods. H*
- Might to bar* bad th* lob In 'Ben
Orst-ts snri*nt morality play, to
faka th* pari of Dearth. His bid*
wsokad Ilk* a drum-ski ti *i retched
• nvor n clotb*B-pol* and he wns ss
■wutty ns a plat* or mak---believe
sssat la a vwgstnrtan rsslssraat.
0* fitted bla oerupstlon nf snlltng
Wbltb foods shout aa snugly a* tb*
. ndttora nf * raaoy of Ibsns blbllo-
snsa-rs fit th* Job of tnatToetlog tbo
world In tha science of "Spiritual
•Revelation."
Ohsrtotu Porklns Oilman, fb*
smtbor. writsr. editor, publlibtr.
UnUt of Palo Alto.
Tb* PewitaawU Onb.
Th* Penlnsels Club will probably
opoo IU now building with .soma
sort *ot a Jinks **riy n*st w**k. Th*
light fliiurc* hen*!**** been Installed. Ther* ar* four lights
placed In ■ squsr* above each pool
tabl* asd ihtsa are *u*p*nd*dSem
brass haagers wbleh support .nab
psecna to wbleb th* slob** n>* at-
lneb*d. The lights **■ arranged at
sacb distance* tbat ko shadow* will
b*. cast by tbe balls, Twn of tb*
pool tables sr* now In pla.« and
two n*w one- hsv.'Just been received and v. i't he wit np tomorrow.
B*e»t«.t*.*ss ssssssnssssss
4 RE YOU •
| Losing Money?:!
hlldrsn la custody. 'lT ***** * n'clock tbla aflsraoo*.
Th* oat look In Calif orals grows JH* bad been til for two weeks aad
brighter even day- And tb* editor th* <*»_•* of bta death was haart
Of Th* Time* Is doing hi* share lo dl**ss*. Doctor McCrscfcsn bad
help bring ...tea lo women •*■ Id th* oflkn of las colleclnr for
Ars sua dolag anything* It la "tie term aad a portion of another
soaring B**rybody aay* It I* com* n* ***** appointed to sureend P. M.
Ing aom* day. (iraagsr and was la- : olsctsd to
*_-* Stop* Blaikw-.ll anys tbat' 'he office. Prsvloua lo that tlm* he
"politk-sl nsasclty la tb* ability'to'had been a practicing physician in
tell a band wagon tram a hears*.'■ 1t-4et»tl City. H* wns Gt yMrs/of
AUCB 1*. PABtt - j *g* nnd l*nv«* a widow and Oa*
Lost—Cold bssd ring with large
csmso setting Bslaru to Times
sad receive raesrd. l-:i-«t-
Loot—Brown Scotch collie puppy.
4 month* old. Kindly notify phone
430X, 111 Emb*rcad*ro road.
Parisian Dyeing and
Cleaning Company
•"reach Dry Cleaase* sad Dgias.
IrSteet Parialas sosslwds.
t*m ttaiirOBs 8-j-t-tr-. Pboss TW
UM*mnf*mmmj*_p*_* ladles' tailoring done by "ib* day. 14* Alma.'
Phone IHK- . t-14-IW I
Call 462K
BPAI-LDIKO-g CLBA-VINO AND
i'i i is., WCHUtB
OsVs l*> Orris; pbos* IIIX.
Bs*ald*ees phon* 4I1X,
W. a K.MUHT. Agewi.
In <lie Sumtntr
j always use our bakery goods. Rs-
wo uno unn ■■■!■■■ \~___ *-*«*■-■•« ***i*******
Bss BT Mewl* Park. Fhtme ****, i ***** *** *** ***** ***-
-n;\n.A a. w:i«i\k
HQtliMMOyKBB
Offlo* 101 Clrcla, wllh Psio Alto
Transfer. Pnlo Alto.
Republican Cub
* to Meet Tonight
HIGH Still tot,
WILL BB HKI l' TONIOHT
l*alo
As alrusdy anaoanced. thi
OALL IB INBIIKD IIT PHBMDBNT1 m*nesm*nl «iorclsss of tha
HPKNPKlt im, , ai.ri* aw ! A,,° H,t" *ctt*al "m ** *M *
■4PKNOKB AND LAIU.B AT. -j., j,™^ u.BlgbL An urmr wss
T»:MiA\(i: IH MBtlRKD. mndo la tb* pnbllahad outamsot
- .... : tbst tb* lesrr-sas would te opau to
tb* public, a* tba attandnnc* will te
A call has te*a Is*«*d by Dr.
Jobr gp*ueor, toaporary pi*nsl*_«et
of lh* Pslo Alio ttepnbllcao Onb.
far n meeting la Slmklns' Hail at t ! **
by ln*1t*lk>n It Is desired ta bars
.all
-a
Tbls is to certify that 1 hue* *s —
amlnsd the Wo Slag Laundry nnd **
find tb* Innut** of th* aald pi-em J
taaa In good health and fr** fmrc t
any coBtaglnn.
• W*. O. BBATT1B.
Honltb OnVor :
MOIIWBUK BAKKBT.
John O'Farrell
lABWntni QAItDEND
rffkwr Ban Matso Connty. 1 Prsee* Bsoobm
It Boa sn, j**-,**
Ill ************
JOB PRINTING
AT
OFFICE
| Tills
o'clock tonight. tt I* ro,«*st*d j *°** * ******* to *" th** P1" *"
that all pruaant sad former mem*! ******* Cartp *** ******* U "?
ben and alt H-tar*.t*d In cl*anifnr,d hy *" wbo *****. to **"**
government attend Ihla meeting
• flt.Uk..flAtt la arraarrlB, lb. «»,-! ""** *"*">**> <m*_*l,n lalM
P.K. ror Ua prlnarr *l«loa. I*"* " /'-* ********* *** *** ****_**_
_____-____^ jlBBB, iBlt BlflBI It ..:,...., Th-
in luii-.n can.* amaaaca ****** •""•*• ****' »*"•»>-•
TOeRAT«IWnT WO**,*** " **m*_ '__?" '".It
i morrow Is for prob*b.y slightly
cooler weather.
Considering lb* feet thai
flre-n bas loat a I. t» lawsuit. Wall
u7?>mmmZSm.~n __TJL"mm_r.l'mm^'p-
mm *•***«> ** •*• *'*;"^u_u.aartw ri"*" **•
ia_la-At Sa. tlA Ikt. r.1*. -a. *va*tm OAmBltmill.
INVALID CAKH1AOK AND I
AhBt'LANOt
Bwrvlos can te 1st Hy sr
nbrbL City Ruble*, phon* It,
Hatty i ** Oeorgs w. Tlnnny.
dane* lit Lytton.
Job Prjntmg st th* Times OAce.
Pour students. Herbert Keller.
.'imam Cohen. M. B. Hounds and
Harry Doyle,'^rs now occupying'
BedUi*e-tt I't. i.r.;.hi Ttotso
nrtiwian^Mto ci«bb^'mifrai" ***** M*** ******* *r Vo* **'
csmpus . W*dB**day nlghl tbey Ilo" to c«n«r*" ******* *** ********
up late, singing roila**, mr* ********* r, and legal **U*
l iHir1.- .
m
t*
»
WHAT IN VOl'R sl ll'-ll > .H.M.v , \(!M\,;
oca tu raa cikt csimfirATaa or uKFoarr ana U
•*5 ina.it nii.nnr. a.-oi a mninarn ..... k n S
>l\n l:i. TOI- RVKRV Hl^ M..MU-. ... ; , vim; VOK or S
All. ItOTIIKIt IN OOLUCI-riNO VOIIR l\TI:iti:sT. S
S
and l-ssl
^.saJ 1.S..B, a pm) Uraa aaiUT:"*"- °» <** .*******<**■
TOOT S jar,,, «,*, rrAlrrf ... ., u, -—'Sallw..: It aaata raaa* Irtp Tlr,
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Comprehensive molecular characterization of gastric adenocarcinoma
No full textGastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths, but analysis of its molecular and clinical characteristics has been complicated by histological and aetiological heterogeneity. Here we describe a comprehensive molecular evaluation of 295 primary gastric adenocarcinomas as part of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. We propose a molecular classification dividing gastric cancer into four subtypes: tumours positive for Epstein-Barr virus, which display recurrent PIK3CA mutations, extreme DNA hypermethylation, and amplification of JAK2, CD274 (also known as PD-L1) and PDCD1LG2 (also known as PD-L2); microsatellite unstable tumours, which show elevated mutation rates, including mutations of genes encoding targetable oncogenic signalling proteins; genomically stable tumours, which are enriched for the diffuse histological variant and mutations of RHOA or fusions involving RHO-family GTPase-activating proteins; and tumours with chromosomal instability, which show marked aneuploidy and focal amplification of receptor tyrosine kinases. Identification of these subtypes provides a roadmap for patient stratification and trials of targeted therapies
Divergent clonal selection dominates medulloblastoma at recurrence
No full textThe development of targeted anti-cancer therapies through the study of cancer genomes is intended to increase survival rates and decrease treatment-related toxicity. We treated a transposon-driven, functional genomic mouse model of medulloblastoma with \u27humanized\u27 in vivo therapy (microneurosurgical tumour resection followed by multi-fractionated, image-guided radiotherapy). Genetic events in recurrent murine medulloblastoma exhibit a very poor overlap with those in matched murine diagnostic samples (<5%). Whole-genome sequencing of 33 pairs of human diagnostic and post-therapy medulloblastomas demonstrated substantial genetic divergence of the dominant clone after therapy (<12% diagnostic events were retained at recurrence). In both mice and humans, the dominant clone at recurrence arose through clonal selection of a pre-existing minor clone present at diagnosis. Targeted therapy is unlikely to be effective in the absence of the target, therefore our results offer a simple, proximal, and remediable explanation for the failure of prior clinical trials of targeted therapy
