1,375,745 research outputs found
Spatial biomonitoring of persistent organic pollutants in Iran : a study using locally produced butter.
No full textButter is a readily collected, integrative and inexpensive sampling matrix for the spatial mapping of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) at the national or regional scale. As air-plant-animal transfers generally supply the POPs reaching butter lipid, this study used butter for an initial evaluation of the occurrence, levels and distribution of POPs (selected organochlorine pesticides and PCBs) in Iran, a country for which very little information on usage, emissions and environmental burdens of these compounds exists. Fifty samples from rural and urban areas, in the north, west and central regions of the country were collected from local farms in spring 2007. Concentrations of p,p-DDT and p,p-DDE varied widely by a factor of 1000 and 370 (8450 pg g-1 lipid and 46800 pg g-1 lipid on average). The highest levels, found mainly in urban areas in the centre of the country, were amongst the highest reported in the world. PCB concentrations (4320 pg g-1 lipid on average) varied by a factor of 160 and were highest close to urban centres and lowest in the rural northwest. Although Iran is not known for widespread PCB usage in the past, concentrations were higher than a global average reported in a butter survey in 2001. This simple sampling approach could be adopted in other regions where cows graze, as part of an initial screening to help meet obligations under the Stockholm Convention
EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF THE 2007 RECALL ON THE DEMAND FOR PEANUT BUTTER BRANDS
No full textThe US Food and Drug Administration confirmed in February 2007 that a major foodborne illness outbreak was caused by two peanut butter brands, Peter Pan and Great Value, manufactured by ConAgra Foods Inc. at its Sylvester, Georgia, processing plant. As a result, on February 14, 2007, ConAgra voluntarily issued a nationwide recall of its Peter Pan and Great Value peanut butter products produced since May 2006 and sold through grocery and retail stores throughout the United States. Using the ACNielsen Homescan Panel for calendar years 2006, 2007 and 2008, this study investigates the impacts of the recall on the demand for peanut butter by estimating a second degree polynomial distributed lag with a lag length of three and endpoint restrictions imposed. The estimation results showed that the recall did have a statistically significant positive impact on the demand for peanut butter as a category. Also, the recall appeared to have had a statistically significant demand-enhancing effect on the Jif peanut butter brand and a demand-diminishing effect on the Skippy peanut butter brand. In all the cases, the maximum impact of the recall took place one to two weeks after the release of the recall.food recalls, polynomial distributed lag model, consumer behavior, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Health Economics and Policy, Marketing,
Strategic Vertical Pricing in the U.S. Butter Market
No full textThis article develops a methodology for empirically analyzing vertically strategic interactions in a multi-level supply channel. The model is used to analyze the vertical channel for U.S. butter manufacturing and retailing. Aggregating products to the firm level and using a nonlinear AIDS demand system under alternative strategic pricing assumptions is estimated using full information maximum likelihood (FIML) for seven geographic markets from 1998-2002. The market demand for butter was found to very price elastic. Furthermore, cross price elasticities between private labels and the two large national brands were also very elastic. The selected market structure was one indicating category profit maximization of national brands (separate from private label) at the retail level, Vertical Nash competition in the vertical channel, and Bretrand competition at the manufacturing level. Our results strongly suggest that the retail market for food products is impacted by the underlying vertical structure. The study provides useful measures of imperfect competition in the retail manufacturing sector.Vertical interaction, market structure, strategic pricing, market power, AIDS model, butter., Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Industrial Organization, L13, L22, L66,
DOES THE REDUCTION IN PEANUT PRICES BENEFIT PEANUT BUTTER CONSUMERS?
No full textUsing monthly data, we find evidence of both short- and long-run asymmetry of price transmission from peanut to peanut butter prices. This suggests that the asymmetry is more likely a result of imperfect competition than of competitive profit maximizing inventory management. Effects of producer support policy changes are discussed.Consumer/Household Economics,
THE DEMAND FOR BUTTER, MARGARINE, AND OILS: A NONPARAMETRIC TEST FOR EVIDENCE OF STRUCTURAL CHANGE
No full textThe objective of this study was to determine whether structural change in the demand for butter, margarine, and salad and cooking oils occurred between 1967 and 1986. A nonparametric method, which does not require that a functional form be imposed on the data, was used to test for violations from stable, well-behaved preferences. Violations were found, but they were small in magnitude. Therefore, the results failed to show strong evidence that consumption patterns for butter, margarine, and oils were inconsistent with stable preferences.Demand and Price Analysis,
Bread & Butter
No full textSubject Platter
Bread & Butter. Laura White
A Unique Catered Event
December 13th, 2024
CORNER7
7a Statfrod Villas
London
NW1 9SJ
Corner7 is delighted to invite you to Bread and Butter an exclusive food event created by LAURA WHITE and hosted by Subject Platter; a modular table designed and made by renowned artist and maker GARY WOODLEY, painted by ROSE DAVEY, with terracotta stools by FRANCESCA ANFOSSI.
On FRIDAY 13th DECEMBER, for one night only, ceramic works made at neighbouring Rochester Square studio, will carry delicious accompaniments to sculptures made in bread.
Sliced by a knife or broken by hands, invited guests will consume bread of marble interior revealing turmeric swirling shades, reminiscent of the Baroque sculpture White became fascinated with whilst in residence at the British School of Rome in 2022-23.
White encourages a visceral experience of inside and outside the body, on this occasion taken quite literally as the sculpture is observed, touched, tasted, digested, and expelled.
MENU
Baroque Breads
Sourdough
Caraway, fennel, ginger, turmeric, beetroot, charcoal, spinach, haloumi and mint.
Crisps breads
Rosemary, thyme, chilli and sea salt.
Butters
Sea salt, garlic herb and parmesan, sun dried tomatoes and basil, honey rosemary and sage.
Cheese
Colston Bassett Stilton, Ducketts Caerphilly, Montgomery’s cheddar, Elrick Log, Sinodun Hill and Ragstone.
Jams and chutneys
Quince jam.
Spiced tomato chutney.
Spreads and garnishes
Baba ghanoush.
Pumpkin butter.
Fruit
Butter-enriched diets reduce arterial prostacyclin production in rats
No full textRats were fed diets containing 10%, 30% or 50% energy as fat derived predominantly from butter or lard. The protein content of the diets was maintained at 20%. After three weeks on the diets, the rats were killed and the following parameters measured: prostacyclin production in vitro from abdominal aorta and mesenteric artery; platelet aggregation to ADP and thrombin; fatty acid composition of the phospholipids in plasma, thoracic aorta and liver; smooth muscle reactivity and release of endothelial derived relaxing factor (EDRF) from aortic endothelium stimulated by acetylcholine. There was no significant effect of increasing fat content of the diets (neither lard nor butter) on platelet aggregation. In contrast, prostacyclin production in both the mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta fell in a concentration-dependent manner in the butter-supplemented rats. However, no effect on prostacyclin production was detected in arteries from the lard-supplemented animals. The effects of the diets on prostacyclin (PGI2) production correlated very well with the changes in plasma, aortic and liver phospholipid arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) contents. AA decreased in a concentration-dependent manner in the rats fed the butter-enriched diets but did not change in those fed the lard-enriched diets, whereas EPA rose in a concentration-dependent manner in the butter-fed rats and was unchanged in the lard-fed animals. The clear-cut effects of the butter-enriched diets on aortic phospholipid fatty acid composition and aortic PGI2 production were accompanied by a significant reduction in smooth muscle relaxation to EDRF. These results indicate that in the rat, enrichment of the diet with butter can reduce the concentration of AA and increase that of EPA in plasma and tissue phospholipids with a parallel reduction in arterial PGI2 production and EDRF. © 1985 American Oil Chemists' Society
Butter-enriched diets reduce arterial prostacyclin production in rats
No full textAbstractRats were fed diets containing 10%, 30% or 50% energy as fat derived predominantly from butter or lard. The protein content of the diets was maintained at 20%. After three weeks on the diets, the rats were killed and the following parameters measured: prostacyclin production in vitro from abdominal aorta and mesenteric artery; platelet aggregation to ADP and thrombin; fatty acid composition of the phospholipids in plasma, thoracic aorta and liver; smooth muscle reactivity and release of endothelial derived relaxing factor (EDRF) from aortic endothelium stimulated by acetylcholine. There was no significant effect of increasing fat content of the diets (neither lard nor butter) on platelet aggregation. In contrast, prostacyclin production in both the mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta fell in a concentration‐dependent manner in the butter‐supplemented rats. However, no effect on prostacyclin production was detected in arteries from the lard‐supplemented animals. The effects of the diets on prostacyclin (PGI2) production correlated very well with the changes in plasma, aortic and liver phospholipid arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) contents. AA decreased in a concentration‐dependent manner in the rats fed the butter‐enriched diets but did not change in those fed the lard‐enriched diets, whereas EPA rose in a concentration‐dependent manner in the butter‐fed rats and was unchanged in the lard‐fed animals. The clear‐cut effects of the butter‐enriched diets on aortic phospholipid fatty acid composition and aortic PGI2 production were accompanied by a significant reduction in smooth muscle relaxation to EDRF. These results indicate that in the rat, enrichment of the diet with butter can reduce the concentration of AA and increase that of EPA in plasma and tissue phospholipids with a parallel reduction in arterial PGI2 production and EDRF
[Two men standing across the road from a Butter Krust billboard]
No full textTwo men wearing suits are standing across a road from a billboard advertisement for Butter Krust bread. Hilgers & Co. Real Estate is located to the right of the photo
Butter Container.
No full textPatent for a butter container that holds butter and protects against direct handling until it is served. This is inexpensive, two-piece and very easy to clean
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