615 research outputs found
Aspects of the relationship between metabolic and proliferative activity in the large bowel / by Ross Norman Butler.
No full textCopies of author's previously published articles inserted.Bibliography: leaves 152-176.xiv, 177 leaves, [4] leaves of plates : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.Explores aspects of the relationship between metabolism and proliferation of colonic epithelial cells from rats and humans. Emphasis is placed on developing and integrating in vivo and in vitro models for both metabolic and proliferative studies.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Medicine, 199
The effects of orally-administered emu oil in a rat model of chemotherapy-induced mucositis
No full textDDW 2009, May 30 - June 4, 2009, McCormick Place, Chicago, IllinoisRuth J. Lindsay, Mark S. Geier, Roger Yazbeck, Kerry A. Lymn, Ross N. Butler and Gordon S. Howart
Family, followers and friends : the socio-political dynamics of the Anglo-Norman aristocracy, 1100-1204
No full textThree groups are examined: the family, followers and friends. The structure,functions and tensions of these groups are described and their dynamics analysed in the fields of decision making and conflict resolution.
The approach offers a dialectic between Latin and French sources, historical and literary, and social science theories. This opens up new avenues for analysis and allows a holistic description of medieval politics and society.
The family comprised parents and their children. Within this small unit affection was very strong; outside, it quickly declined. Although uncles and nephews had political links there was considerably less emotional attachment between them than between parent-child and sibling relationships.
Three types of follower are examined: household retainers, enfeoffed tenants and 'neighbours'. Household knights had the strongest emotional bonds to their lord and were
seen as the most loyal. Tenants who performed homage were called `men'; 'vassal' is shown to mean 'good follower'. An aristocrat exercised considerable control within his lands and beyond them he maintained some power. In these areas people may have obeyed his will without having any direct link with him. Such people were often called 'neighbours'.
Informal influences such as love and fear are shown to have more force than the formal bonds created through homage and oaths. Concepts of 'treason' and 'defiance' are also examined.
Five types of friendship are identified: friendship as courtesy, formal friendship, emotional friendship, company and companionship. Calling someone 'friend' was a sign of
politeness. Political agreements, often termed covenants, created formal bonds of friendship. A new methodology for investigating emotional friendship is proposed. Groups with a strong identity were called companies. Companionship was a close bond, usually between two men, that combined elements of formal and emotional friendship.
This description of the socio-political dynamics of the aristocracy offers an alternative to earlier models and greatly enhances our understanding of Anglo-Norman politics and society
'One Minute' Volumes 9
No full textRecently compiled One Minute Volume 9 will be screening as part of Light Night Liverpool (alongside volumes 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) May 13th 2016 at Liverpool Small Cinema. Volume 9 includes work by:
Tony Hill, Paul Tarrago, Eva Rudlinger, Kayla Parker and Stuart Moore, Rose Butler, Steven Woloshen, Erica Suderburg, Michael Szpakowski, Sam Renseiw, Philip Sanderson, Anna Mortimer, Karissa Hahn, Stuart Pound and Rosemary Norman, Scott Fitzpatrick, Peter Martin, Chris Paul Daniels, Kypros Kyprianou, Katharine Meynell, Grant Petrey, Jonathan Spencer, My Name is Scot, Kerry Baldry, Sam Meech, Amy Lunn, Nick Herbert, Julia Dogra-Brazell, Chris Meigh-Andrews, Gordan Dawson and Louisa Minkin, David Chatton Barker, Heather Ross, Nicky Hamlyn, Marty St. James, Maud Haya Baviera, Chris A. Wright,
Rachel Allain, Ellie Kyungran Heo and Zeljko Vukicevic (Zhel
Social Control and Social Criticism: the nineteenth-century còmhradh
No full textThe paper discusses the emergence of the còmhradh (dialogue)as the preferred prose genre for the discussion of social issues in the course of the century. It focuses on the way in which the còmhradh was used, first by the Rev. Dr Norman MacLeod (Caraid nan Gaidheal) as a form of Establishment propaganda which aimed to diffuse social unrest during the famines of the 1830s and 1840s, then offers a contrast with the use of the còmhradh in the 1870s and 1880s when it was adopted as part of the campaigning literature of the crofters’ cause
Financial intermediation and growth : Causality and causes
No full textThe authors evaluate: a) whether the level of development of financial intermediaries exerts a casual influence on economic growth; and b) whether cross-country differences in legal and accounting systems (such as creditor rights, contract enforcement, and accounting standards) explain differences in the level of financial development. Using both traditional cross-section, instrumental-variable procedures and recent dynamic panel techniques, they find that development of financial intermediaries exerts a large causal impact on growth. The data also show that cross-country differences in legal and accounting systems help determine differences in financial development. Together, these findings suggest that legal and accounting reform that strengthens creditor rights, contract enforcement, and accounting practices boosts financial development and accelerates economic growth.Financial Intermediation,Decentralization,Economic Theory&Research,Public Health Promotion,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Financial Intermediation,Financial Economics,Achieving Shared Growth,Economic Theory&Research,Governance Indicators
THE THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF ADAM SMITH'S WORK
No full textThe paper will discuss the theological foundation to Smith's writings. Teleology, final causes and divine design were initially seen as central to understanding Smith's writings. Over time, this view fell out of fashion. In the period after World War II, with the rise of positivism, commentators tended to overlook or downplay this interpretation. In the last decade, or so, teleology has started to be restored to its former position as an essential element in understanding Smith. After spelling out Smith's teleology and his view of final causes, divine design and the ends of nature, we try to explain the Panglossian nature of the 'new theistic view' of Smith. While our view differs somewhat, we agree with the essence of the 'new view' claim: a theological view exists in Smith which underpins his moral and economic theories.Political Economy,
Short-chain fatty acid modulation of apoptosis in gastric and colon cancer cells.
No full textIntroduction: Gastric and colon cancer are major causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Gastric cancer is often detected at an advanced stage and current chemotherapeutics are only modestly effective against this neoplasm. Novel chemotherapeutics, chemopreventive agents and treatment strategies are required to prevent and treat gastric cancer. The ideal method to eliminate cancer cells may be the induction of apoptosis, further preventing cell proliferation and tumour growth. Recently, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) butyrate and propionate have been investigated as potential chemotherapeutic agents, particularly in colon cancer. Butyrate is reported to induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells and is demonstrated to modulate intracellular redox state by altering the levels of an antioxidant, glutathione (GSH). GSH availability is controlled by the oxidative pentose pathway (OPP). Very few studies have investigated the effects of butyrate on cell types other than colon cancer cells, and even less is known regarding the effects of propionate. This thesis investigated the potential for SCFAs to induce apoptosis in a gastric cancer cell line, Kato III, compared to the colon cancer cell line, Caco-2. Cell cycle regulation, OPP activity, GSH availability and glucose metabolism were also assessed.
Methods: Initial studies developed a new technique to measure 1-13C-D-glucose metabolism. Following this, Kato III and Caco-2 colon carcinoma cells were treated with butyrate or propionate (1mM, 5mM or 10mM) or a 5mM combination of both SCFAs. The induction of apoptosis and cell cycle alterations by these SCFAs were assessed using flow cytometry. OPP activity and GSH availability were assessed in both cell lines using colorimetric techniques. Butyrate metabolism was assessed using 13C-butyrate. Results: Butyrate and propionate significantly induced apoptosis and G2-M arrest in Kato III and Caco-2 cells, although to a
significantly greater extent in the latter cell line. Moreover, butyrate induced apoptosis to a significantly greater extent than propionate, in both cell lines. SCFA treatment led to the significant up-regulation of OPP activity in both cancer cell lines while GSH availability was significantly reduced. Glucose metabolism was initially increased by all SCFA treatments, however, 72hr butyrate treatment led to its reduction. Importantly, glucose metabolism was measured using a new technique developed within this thesis. The rate of butyrate metabolism was demonstrated to correlate with the sensitivity of each cell line to this SCFA.
Conclusions: This thesis provides evidence that SCFAs, particularly butyrate, induce apoptosis in gastric and colon cancer cells in vitro. The response of cancer cells to SCFAs appears complex, and involves multiple distinct mechanisms and pathways, including p53, Fas, changes to intracellular redox state and glucose metabolism. The capability of butyrate to induce apoptosis also appears to be directly related to the rate of its metabolism. Butyrate has the potential to be utilised as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of gastric cancer and colon cancer.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- School of Molecular and Biomedical Science, 200
Covenants Not To Compete in a Knowledge Economy: Balancing Innovation from Employee Mobility Against Legal Protection for Human Capital Investment
No full textThis Article examines a specific policy issue that goes to the heart of the larger debate surrounding the changing employment relationship: How should the law of covenants not to compete adapt to the changing landscape of the U.S. labor market and to the increasing importance of a knowledge-based economy? The author first argues that noncompete policy is of great importance to fostering economic growth and labor markets, and then discusses various theoretical approaches to noncompete enforcement in a knowledge economy. The preferred approach, the author contends, is a hybrid model of selective enforcement that differentiates among workers as “creative” or “service” employees, thereby enhancing the positive spillovers gained from policies at the extremes of the enforcement spectrum.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/97553/1/2013May14NBishara.pd
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