63,106 research outputs found
Therapeutic uses of inorganic nitrite and nitrate - from the past to the future
No full textPotential carcinogenic effects, blue baby syndrome, and occasional intoxications caused by nitrite, as well as the suspected health risks related to fertilizer overuse, contributed to the negative image that inorganic nitrite and nitrate have had for decades. Recent experimental studies related to the molecular interaction between nitrite and heme proteins in blood and tissues, the potential role of nitrite in hypoxic vasodilatation, and an unexpected protective action of nitrite against ischemia/reperfusion injury, however, paint a different picture and have led to a renewed interest in the physiological and pharmacological properties of nitrite and nitrate. The range of effects reported suggests that these simple oxyanions of nitrogen have a much richer profile of biological actions than hitherto assumed, and several efforts are currently underway to investigate possible beneficial effects in the clinical arena. We provide here a brief historical account of the medical uses of nitrite and nitrate over the centuries that may serve as a basis for a careful reassessment of the health implications of their exposure and intake and may inform investigations into their therapeutic potential in the future
HLA class I binding of synthetic nonamer peptides carrying major anchor residue motifs of HLA-B27 (B*2705)-binding pwptides.
No full textEight nonamer peptides that comply with the major anchor residue motifs (the combination of amino acid residues at positions 2 and 9), R - K and R - R, of HLA-B27 (B*2705)-binding peptides were synthesized and tested for their direct binding to HLA class I alpha chains by the HLA class I alpha chain refolding assay previously described. One was a known B27 (B*2705)-binding heat shock protein peptide, HSP89 alpha (201-209), and the other seven were derived from the sequence of wild-type P53, a human tumor suppressor protein. A total of 36 HLA class I allospecificities were tested. HSP89 alpha (201-209) and two P53 peptides, P53 (362-370) and P53 (378-386), all possessing the motif R - K, bound strongly to B27 (B*2705) alpha chains. A weak binding was seen for P53 (272-280) and P53 (334-342), both showing the motif R - R. Most of these B27-binding peptides were found to bind to A3 alpha chains as well. In addition, P53 (173-181) and P53 (334-342), both with the R - R motif, showed substantial binding with A31 alpha chains. All the peptides carrying the motif R - K also showed weak binding with A31 alpha chains. The remaining two peptides, P53 (201-209) and P53 (282-290), with the motif R - R, did not show significant binding with any of the alpha chains tested. This study demonstrates both the specificity of peptide binding to a given HLA allelic product and the occurrence of cross-peptide-binding between the allelic products of different HLA loci
Butler groups of infinite rank
No full textAbstractFor a fixed proper subgroup R (of type t) of the group Q of rational numbers, a torsion-free group A is called an R-group if it satisfies Bext1(A, R) = 0, where Bext stands for the set of balanced extensions. Those R-groups whose nonzero elements are of types ≤t are investigated. In the constructible universe L, these R-groups (up to cardinality ℵω) turn out to coincide with those A for which the group Ǎ = A ⊗ R0 is a Butler group; here R0 denotes the largest subgroup of R of idempotent type t0 ≤ t. This claim is false in models of set theory in which Shelah's Proper Forcing Axiom holds
Laguerre geometry of hypersurfaces in R-n
No full textLaguerre geometry of surfaces in R-3 is given in the book of Blaschke [Vorlesungen uber Differentialgeometrie, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (1929)], and has been studied by Musso and Nicolodi [Trans. Am. Math. soc. 348, 4321-4337 (1996); Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 69, 123-138 (1999); Int. J. Math. 11(7), 911-924 (2000)], Palmer [Remarks on a variation problem in Laguerre geometry. Rendiconti di Mathematica, Serie VII, Roma, vol. 19, pp. 281-293 (1999)] and other authors. In this paper we study Laguerre differential geometry of hypersurfaces in R-n. For any umbilical free hypersurface x:M -> R-n with non-zero principal curvatures we define a Laguerre invariant metric g on M and a Laguerre invariant self-adjoint operator S:TM -> TM, and show that {g,S} is a complete Laguerre invariant system for hypersurfaces in R-n with >= 4. We calculate the Euler-Lagrange equation for the Laguerre volume functional of Laguerre metric by using Laguerre invariants. Using the Euclidean space R-n, the semi-Euclidean space R-1(n) and the degenerate space R-0(n) we define three Laguerre space forms URn, UR1n and UR0n and define the Laguerre embeddings URn1 -> URn and UR0n -> URn, analogously to what happens in the Moebius geometry where we have Moebius space forms S-n, H-n and R-n (spaces of constant curvature) and conformal embeddings H-n -> S-n and R-n -> S-n[cf. Liu et al. in Tohoku Math. J. 53, 553-569 (2001) and Wang in Manuscr. Math. 96, 517-534 (1998)]. Using these Laguerre embeddings we can unify the Laguerre geometry of hypersurfaces in R-n, R-1(n) and R-0(n). As an example we show that minimal surfaces in R-1(3) or R-0(3) are Laguerre minimal in R-3.MathematicsSCI(E)0ARTICLE173-9512
Between the waves: currents in contemporary feminist thought
No full textWith a continuing focus on liberal feminism, Marxist feminism and essentialism, one would be forgiven for
thinking that feminist theory is unable to break free from the ‘second wave’. This is not the case. This article reviews three books which take on these feminist issues and offer new readings on the questions at the heart of feminism. Each provides clear links to feminism of the past but also connects to present debate and makes
suggestions for future directions for feminism. There is plenty of literature which bemoans the end of feminism and some which triumphantly hails our era as post-feminist: no longer in need of feminist theory. Contrary to such claims, each book tackles the problem of women’s oppression from a different perspective, each presents different solutions and in so doing they demonstrate that feminism is alive and well
Afrasura ichorina Butler 1877, comb. n.
No full textAfrasura ichorina (Butler, 1877) comb. n. (Figs. 19, 52, 64) Sesapa ichorina Butler, 1877, Trans. Ent. Soc. London: 345. Xanthetis ichorina Butler; Hampson, 1900, Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M. II: 415. Type locality. Natal (holotype Ƥ in BMNH, lacking head and abdomen, as noted by Hampson (1900: 415). Material examined. Natal: holotype Ƥ in BMNH. Natal, Durban, 18 - 5-1907: 3 Arct. g.sl. n. 5742 BMNH. Natal, Durban, Umhlanga, 13 / 20 - 8-1949: Ƥ Arct. g.sl. n. 5757 BMNH. Diagnosis. Forewing bands large and discernible, unlike hieroglyphica and hyporhoda. Description. Coremata between A 7 and A 8 sterna, large, double-sac shaped with two eversible tufts of androconial hairs; the caudal margin of sternum VII presents a double fold of which the inner most deepens cephalad. Sternally the coremata are thickened by a double U-shaped rod-like sclerotization, that seems to take origin from the anterior margin of sternum VIII. From the two ends of this sclerotization, at the border with the left and right pleurae, two thin sclerotized arms arise caudally. They meet forming an arch and merging in a heart-shaped sclerotization of sternum VIII. Tergum VIII presents an H-shaped sclerotization, with two arms in the cephalic direction formed by two small but strong apodemes. Male genitalia typical, with ala valvae becoming thin distally, ending in a well sclerotized strong horn that is slightly bent inward. Supravalva becoming large at the same point where the ala valvae is thin, sub-elliptical, lightly sclerotized. Supravalvar costa with characteristic undulation at midpoint. Aedeagus with a cluster of minute sub-conical thorns at distal end. Vesica with strong cornutus and cluster of small thorns. In the female, sternum VII is frustum of cone-shaped and slightly sclerotized; sternum VIII weak and membranous. Bursa copulatrix presents two large signa with long spines; ductus bursae entirely sclerotized, with thorns. Remarks. This species, described by Butler in the genus Sesapa Walker, 1854, was subsequently included by Hampson (1900) in the genus Xanthetis Hampson, 1900 with a diagnosis based fundamentally on the wings veins (the forewings have eleven veins, missing vein 9 [Rs 2] and lacking the anastomosis between Sc and R, the latter free as Rs 1). This venation is confirmed for the examined female, but only partially for the examined male, which has R free but presenting Rs 2 (vein 9 of Hampson) and hence 12 veins. Durante (2004) noted that venation is not considered a fundamental character in generic assignments into Lithosiinae.Published as part of Durante, Antonio, 2009, Revision of the Afrotropical species of Asura Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Lithosiinae), with the description of a new genus, pp. 27-52 in Zootaxa 2280 on page 45, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27527
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
On the self assembly of a trans-dibromo-bis-(dppfo<sub>2</sub>) iron (III), a ferrocene-ligand complex, dppfo<sub>2</sub> = [(ƞ<sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>4</sub>P(O)Ph<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Fe]: Letting nature do the work
No full textThe octahedral iron complex trans-[{O,O-(ƞ5-C5H4P(O)Ph2)2Fe}2Fe(III)Br2][Fe(III)Br4]has been prepared by self-assembly simply by adding anhydrous ferric chloride to a dichloromethane/methanol solution of dppf and 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane and then leaving to form a complex slowly. The key factor in the self-assembly is the addition of 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane which is the source of the bromide and is responsible for acid catalysed hydrolysis of ferric chloride.</p
Breath Test
No full textPATENT: D. R. Tivey, G. P. Davidson, R. N. Butler, N. S. Pelton (Assigned to Children, Youth and Women's Health Service). US 7338454 (PCT/AU02/01666) filed Dec 9, 2002; published Mar 4, 2008; granted until Dec 9, 2022.A method of assessing the state of the lining of the small intestine in a mammal or human injesting a suitable labelled test substrate which requires conversion by a brush border enzyme for transport across the small intestinal lining. Suitable substrates include sucrose and maltose. The transport of these can very conveniently be measured by assessing the amount of label present in carbon dioxide expelled in the breath after a period of time. It has been shown that this method has application to assessing damage cause by chemotherapeutic induced mucositis as well as gastroenteritis with an infectious cause.Invented by D. R. Tivey, G. P. Davidson, R. N. Butler, N. S. Pelton; Assigned to Children, Youth and Women's Health Service; Knobbe, Martens, Olson & Bear, LLP agents for inventors.http://www.patentlens.net/patentlens/patent/US_7338454/en
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