395 research outputs found
Letters from Agnes Fitzgibbon to Henry James Morgan, 1861
No full textAgnes Dunbar Moodie Fitzgibbon (1833-1913) was the daughter of John and Susanna Moodie. She married Charles Thomas Fitzgibbon (son of Colonel James Fitzgibbon), a barrister, around 1850. His death in 1865 required her to find a way to support her family. She decided to compile a volume of flower illustrations, having learned how to paint from her mother. Catherine Parr Traill, her aunt, provided text for the book. In 1868, Agnes published Canadian Wild Flowers, one of the first serious botanical books published in Canada. While in Ottawa to sell subscriptions for her book, she met her second husband, Colonel Brown Chamberlin, whom she married in 1870. He was later appointed the Queen’s Printer.
Henry James Morgan (1842-1913) was a Canadian civil servant, lawyer, and author. He is best known for his brief biographies of well-known Canadians, including Sketches of celebrated Canadians (1862) and The Canadian Men and Women of the Time (1898).Two letters to Henry James Morgan from Agnes Fitzgibbon, dated at Toronto, 1861. The first letter is dated August 20, 1861 and marked “private”. The letter mostly discusses a box of books written by Ferdinand Brock Tupper on Isaac Brock, and her family’s efforts to dispose of the books. The possibility of writing a biography of Colonel [James] Fitzgibbon is also mentioned.
The second letter is dated September 1861 and mostly discusses the writings of her mother, Susanna Moodie, and aunt, Catharine Parr Traill
James Bicket letters, 1836-1838
No full textA desire for democratic reform brought about the rebellions in 1837-1838 in Upper Canada. William Lyon Mackenzie, one of the more extreme leaders of the reform movement, organized an armed rebellion in Toronto in December of 1837 at Montgomery’s Tavern. The rebels were quickly dispersed by the militia and soldiers, but another uprising occurred near Brantford a few days later. Mackenzie retreated to Navy Island in the Niagara River with his supporters, and the Americans brought supplies to the island using the steamer Caroline. In an attempt to hinder the rebels' efforts, Commander Andrew Drew of the Royal Navy led a group of the Upper Canada militia to Fort Schlosser on December 29, 1837, where the Caroline was moored. A brief skirmish with the Americans ensued, during which an American citizen, Amos Durfee, was killed. The Caroline was then set on fire and cut loose, drifting down the River towards the Falls.
The government in Canada feared that the rebels' American allies might gain the support of the U.S. government, who might then seize this opportunity to invade Canada. The House of Assembly considered these American citizens to have breached neutrality laws and wanted assurances from the U.S. government that it had no intention of supporting the rebels. To this effect, the House of Assembly passed resolutions in 1838 on the subject of breach of neutrality and aggression. The uprisings continued in 1838 but were swiftly extinguished, and ceased altogether by 1839.
James Bicket was secretary of the Toronto Curling Club and author of The Canadian Curler’s Manual, published in Toronto in 1840.Two letters written by James Bicket with descriptions of the politics in Canada shortly before and after the Rebellions of 1837-1838. The first letter is dated at Toronto, 19 September 1836 and is addressed to Peter Pollock, Ferguslie, Paisley, North Britain. The second letter is dated at Toronto, 7 March 1838 and is addressed to Alexander Pollock, Ferguslie, Paisley
Rethinking our approach to postpartum haemorrhage and uterotonics
No full textAnalysis
Rethinking our approach to postpartum haemorrhage and uterotonics
BMJ 2015; 351 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h3251 (Published 08 July 2015)
Cite this as: BMJ 2015;351:h3251
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Andrew D Weeks, professor of international maternal health1, James P Neilson, professor of obstetrics and gynaecology1
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Correspondence to: AD Weeks [email protected]
Accepted 30 March 2015
Andrew Weeks and James Neilson suggest that we have inappropriately generalised evidence on the use of uterotonics from uncomplicated births to all births. They call for stronger focus on women with complex births to reduce deaths from postpartum haemorrhage
Postpartum haemorrhage (defined as a bleed >500 mL) is estimated to affect 1-15% of vaginal births, depending on the definition used, the method of assessing blood loss, the setting, and the population studied. Risk factors include Asian ethnicity, obesity, previous postpartum haemorrhage, multiple pregnancy, anaemia, large baby, age over 40, induction of labour, prolonged labour, placental abruption, and caesarean delivery.1
Although global mortality from postpartum haemorrhage is falling, its incidence is increasing in high resource settings, the reasons for which are unclear.2 3 4 Many of those who survive have severe anaemia, renal failure, or psychological trauma, and the offspring may have difficulties in breast feeding and bonding.
Current best practice globally is for all pregnant women to receive a uterotonic drug at the time of childbirth to prevent postpartum haemorrhage. This recommendation has been in place since the 1980s when randomised trials showed that routine prophylaxis with oxytocin based uterotonic drugs reduced the rate of postpartum haemorrhage.5 The assumption that this would translate into fewer maternal deaths—based on the understanding that atony was the most common cause of haemorrhage related deaths—led to the promotion of active management of the third stage of labour, which comprises a prophylactic uterotonic drug, early cord clamping, and controlled cord traction.
Here we discuss the problems with generalising data from spontaneous vaginal (“normal”) births to complex births, and call for a change in global strategy on postpartum haemorrhage
Bradt family fonds, 1817-1923, n.d.
No full textThe Bradt family came to the Niagara peninsula from Schenectady, New York as United Empire Loyalists. Arent A. Bradt (1732-1796) and his wife Eva Van Antwerp came to Canada with their children, settling in present-day Niagara-on-the-Lake around 1784. This move coincided with the disbandment of Butler’s Rangers, a Loyalist military unit founded by John Butler during the American Revolutionary War. The Butler and Bradt families both came to Canada from Schenectady. John Butler was married to Arent Bradt’s sister Catherine. Both families were granted land in the Niagara peninsula by the Crown for their loyalty.
Arent and Eva Bradt brought their five children with them, including Andrew (1755-1830), Margaret (b. 1758), John (1761-1828), Roger (b. 1765) and Peter (1767-1824). Andrew and John Bradt both served in Butler’s Rangers, Andrew as a Captain and John as a Lieutenant. Peter Bradt was the youngest member of the family, being 18 when his family came to Niagara. In 1792 he married Mercy Burtch. They remained in the area and had 12 children, including Peter II (1800-1870). Peter married Jane Clark in 1827. Jane was the daughter of James Clark, clerk of the Legislative Council of Upper Canada from 1793-1806. Peter and Jane had four children who survived to adulthood, Peter III, Martha Jane, George and James.Fonds contains material about the Bradt family. Material concerning the Clark family, including James Clark (clerk of the Legislative Council of Upper Canada from 1793-1806) and his children Jane and James are also included. The Bradt and Clark families were related by marriage. Peter Bradt II married Jane Clark in 1827. The bulk of the fonds consists of written post cards and correspondence. There are 59 post cards and 26 letters. The majority of the letters are addressed to Peter Bradt (II), and his wife Jane Bradt. Most of the post cards are addressed to Peter Bradt (III). Other materials include invoices, receipts, promissory notes, certificates, booklets, broadsides, calling cards and photographs. The material within each series is arranged in chronological order
Desire, identity and spaciality in James Baldwin
No full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESThe aim of this academic paper is to do a cartography of the desire, the identitiy and the space, among other issues which are related to the difference, on the novel Giovanni`s Room, produced in 1956 by African American writer James Baldwin. From my particular reading of the novel, there is the perception that the relationship between the couple David and Giovanni is the core of the narrative. Concerning the issue of desire, I will discuss it as multiplicity. Furthermore, regarding identity, I will discuss its subversive character, the diaspora and the in-between, which are snippets that I consider very meaningful to the novel and its author. Regarding the matter of space, through my point of view, it has a peripheral atmosphere, which reflects the social marginalization of the characters that inhabit and move around it. Moreover, the masculinity, which I also consider as a significant issue in the work of Baldwin is connected, in my conception, to sexual ambiguity. I emphasize that, considering the matters of space and masculinity, this research will approach Giovannni`s Room, but it will be also extended to the novels Another Country and Just Above My Head, also written by Baldwin, for their construction is marked, through my point of view, by the difference. In order to better conduct this academic paper, I will select a theoretical framework, which includes Michel Foucault, Judith Butler, Stuart Hall, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Georges Battaile, Homi Bhabha, Gaston Bachelard, Fernando Seffner and other contributors.Propõe-se neste trabalho cartografar o desejo, a identidade, a espacialidade e outros aspectos que estão permeados pela diferença, no romance Giovanni`s Room, de autoria do afro-americano James Baldwin, publicado em 1956. Na minha proposta de leitura do romance, com a percepção de que a sua narrativa gira em torno da relação do casal de amantes David e Giovanni, discuto o desejo como multiplicidade. No que concerne às questões relacionadas à identidade, as discussões abordam a transgressão, a diáspora e o entre-lugar, recortes que considero significativos com relação à obra e ao autor. Quanto à temática da espacialidade, esta tem, na minha percepção, uma configuração periférica, que remete à condição marginal das personagens que nela habitam e circulam. A masculinidade, na obra de Baldwin está ligada, na minha leitura, à ambiguidade sexual. Ressalto que, quanto à masculinidade e à espacialidade, a pesquisa abordará, além de Giovanni`s Room, os romances Another Country e Just Above My Head, de autoria de James Baldwin, por também terem, na minha concepção, sua configuração ligada à diferença. Como suporte teórico para as questões pertinentes a essa pesquisa, utilizarei as contribuições de Michel Foucault, Judith Butler, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Stuart Hall, Georges Bataille, Gaston Bachelard, Fernando Seffner, entre outros
Fair Lineups Improve Outside Observers' Discriminability, Not Eyewitnesses' Discriminability: Evidence for Differential Filler-Siphoning Using Empirical Data and the WITNESS Model
No full textFair lineups (good fillers) better sort between innocent and guilty suspect identifications than do biased lineups (poor fillers). Why are fair lineups better? Some argue that the fair-lineup advantage is an improvement in eyewitness discriminability through some mechanism such as diagnostic-feature detection. Others argue that the fair lineups do not improve eyewitnesses’ discriminability at all but instead improve the discriminability of outside observers who are privy to which lineups members are known-fillers (the differential filler-siphoning mechanism). Experiment 1 used a forced-choice paradigm to show that fair lineups do not improve eyewitness discriminability. The second experiment used the WITNESS model to show that differential filler-siphoning and the fair-lineup advantage readily surfaces and nicely patterns experimental data based on minimal assumptions even though witness memory strength was held constant. Together, these two experiments support differential filler-siphoning and the idea that fair lineups enhance the outside observer’s discriminability, not the eyewitness’s discriminability.This Unpublished paper published as Smith, Andrew & Smalarz, Laura & Wells, Gary & Lampinen, James & Mackovichova, Simona. (2020). Fair Lineups Improve Outside Observers' Discriminability, Not Eyewitnesses' Discriminability: Evidence for Differential Filler-Siphoning Using Empirical Data and the WITNESS Model. 10.13140/RG.2.2.23329.22887/1
Cost-effectiveness analysis of germ-line BRCA testing in women with breast cancer and cascade testing in family members of mutation carriers
No full textPurpose:
To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of BRCA testing in women with breast cancer, and cascade testing in family members of BRCA mutation carriers.
Methods:
A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted using a cohort Markov model from a health-payer perspective. The model estimated the long-term benefits and costs of testing women with breast cancer who had at least a 10% pretest BRCA mutation probability, and the cascade testing of first- and second-degree relatives of women who test positive.
Results:
Compared with no testing, BRCA testing of affected women resulted in an incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained of AU1,880; incremental QALY gain 0.10) with reductions of 0.04 breast and 0.01 ovarian cancer events. Testing affected women and cascade testing of family members resulted in an incremental cost per QALY gained of AU665; incremental QALY gain 0.07) with additional reductions of 0.06 breast and 0.01 ovarian cancer events.
Conclusion:
BRCA testing in women with breast cancer is cost-effective and is associated with reduced risk of cancer and improved survival. Extending testing to cover family members of affected women who test positive improves cost-effectiveness beyond restricting testing to affected women only.Griffith Health, School of MedicineNo Full Tex
The metric tun : standardisation, quantification and industrialisation in the British brewing industry, 1760-1830
No full textThis thesis considers the British beer-brewing industry around 1800 as a case study exploring current themes in the history of science and technology: the imposition of
reliable standards, the use of instruments and quantities, and the nature of industrial growth. I begin by addressing Michael Combrune, author of the first thermometric
brewing account, showing the influence of Boerhaavian fermentation theory and the eighteenth-century agenda for "commercial chemistry" on his work: Combrune's
fellow brewers, however, did not generally rely on the chemical scheme of management he had established, developing instead highly localised thermometric
operations which did not challenge established understandings. Next, I consider the determination of beer strength, focusing here on the brewer John Richardson's
innovation of the saccharometer, a gravimetric philosophical instrument. I show how Richardson presented both the device and the quantity in which it was scaled, later termed the `brewer's pound, ' as offering brewery-specific advantages, in order to ensure its acceptance whilst at the same time denying its roots in the disputatious field of spirits hydrometry. Richardson did not achieve his wider goal of monopolist control over the device, but his project of saccharometric determination was widely taken up, contributing to a significant change in the composition of beer, as brewers moved from using traditional brown- malts to the saccharometrically preferable pales. This development is then reviewed in the context of an analysis of the identity of London porter, the staple brown beer of London: I investigate the relationship of porter's identity to the uniquely vast and industrialised plants which produced it. Finally, I highlight the ambiguous nature of appeals to `science' or `chemistry' before 1830 by discussing the widespread contemporary panic over adulteration, popularly assumed to
be practised by those who associated with chemists and did not pursue a `traditional' approach to brewing. This controversy was settled, I contend, only with the later
development of a common laboratory-analytical context between brewers, pharmacists and public analysts who were able to redefine the concept of adulteration itself
J.H.E. Secretan Scrapbook, 1925-1926
No full textJ.H.E. (James Henry Edward) Secretan (1852-1926) was a civil engineer who worked as a surveyor with the Canadian Pacific Railway. He wrote several books, including To Klondyke and back : a journey down the Yukon from its source to its mouth; Out West; and Canada's great highway : from the first stroke to the last spike. He died in Ottawa in 1926.A copy of Canada’s Great Highway: from the first stake to the last spike by J.H.E. Secretan. The book is inscribed “To George Abbott. With love from the author ‘Sec’., Dec./24”. There are news clippings pasted in the front pages reporting the death of J.H.E. Secretan. At the end of the book, a news clipping about retired Canadian Pacific Railway Engineer Dugal (Duke) Mackenzie is included. There are five letters written by the author addressed to George that are pasted throughout the book, dated from March to May, 1925. The letters mostly concern Secretan’s health and financial problems
Copy of poster advertising “Grand Buffalo Hunt at Niagara Falls” with Bill Hickok, August, 1872
No full textJames Butler Hickok (1837-1876), also known as “Wild Bill” Hickok, was an American gun-fighter, scout and spy. He was involved in altercations with others while working for the famous express company Russell, Majors and Waddell (in 1861), and later while working as a wagon master, scout, and spy for the Union forces during the Civil War. These altercations resulted in the deaths of 4 people, but Hickok was acquitted in all cases. An embellished article written about him in Harper’s magazine helped contribute to his reputation as a western hero. He served as a deputy U.S. marshal and sheriff in Kansas in the late 1860’s, helping to bring law and order to a previously lawless area. He gambled considerably, and during a card game on August 2, 1876, was shot and killed. The cards he was holding (two aces, two eights, and a jack) became known as the "dead man's hand."A photocopied article titled Buffalo Bill blew it, featuring a poster advertising a “Grand Buffalo Hunt at Niagara Falls” on August 28 and 30, 1872, and featuring “Wild Bill” Hickok. The article is authored by Peter Moon and was published in the Toronto Daily Star, “The Canadian Magazine”, September 12, 1970, pp. 26-7
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