80 research outputs found
Analysis of Inflation Management Model Factors as Regards Supply and Demand
No full textThis article analyses the demand and supply aspects of the determinants of CPI inflation in Lithuania in 1998–2008. Content analysis was used to identify and group significant demand and supply inflation factors and using RGT, objectively assess and generalize the results. Pair linear correlation analysis confirmed the significance for CPI inflation of the factors identified through content analysis, and both research methods reliably and effectively helped to identify factors for regression models of inflation. Content analysis revealed that the causes of inflation most often mentioned and traditionally regarded as significant in the economic literature are factors such as money and wages, capital, competition and monopolies, and so on. Pair correlation research showed the significance for inflation of supply and demand factors such as income distribution, income levels, taxes, saving, human capital and labour productivity as well as exports and imports – things which content analysis gave only average or little mention. Regression models confirmed and helped to concretize the significance for inflation of the identified demand and supply factors. The results of the research show that inconsistent monetary and general government expenditure policies reinforce private consumption and capital shocks. Note that human capital and employment, which changed little during the analysed period, did not show the large significance for inflation that they are commonly thought to have
ANALYSIS OF STOCHASTIC INFLATION IN THE INTERACTION OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND REGARDING THE ASPECT OF DINAMIC CAUSALITY
No full textSystematic analysis of the development of understanding the causes of inflation, taking supply and demand conditions as the central axis, offers a deeper insight into the inflation process and its essence. It is obvious that the long-term inflation impacting human, productive and financial resources can in no way be justified by extremely short-term benefits to a country’s budget or to monopolistic structures. Analysis of the literature clarifies and confirms the fact that in order for inflation to occur and significantly accelerate, the growth of demand factors must exceed that of supply factors during several years. The research shows that the policy of encouraging the demand, and thus a significant and long-lived inflation, is possible only in non-competitive oligopolistic economies marked by corruption and provoking emigration. On the other hand, adjustment of demand instruments to changes in supply is rather a result of fair competition. Interest rate change as an independent factor is shown to be important for the inflation process, especially for deflation, and therefore for the economy. Moreover, it is not completely clear whether delayed is the cause of inflation or its result, but it is obvious that the negative impact of delayed demand, as delayed human and social well-being, results in weaker supply and thereby also in higher poverty and inflation, all of them encouraging a more thorough examination of this problem. Analysis of the phenomenon of inflation over a historic period provides a realistic picture of this problem and shows the ways how to solve it
Heavenly seer: Maironis - the bard of perennial tradition. §47
No full textStraipsnį sudaro vienas, paskutinis, knygos „Maironis – praamžės tradicijos dainius“ skyrius. Knygoje nagrinėjamos Maironio poezijos (lyrikos) sąsajos su lietuvių, baltų, indoeuropiečių ir kitų senųjų tradicijų archajiškais, archetipiniais mitiniais vaizdiniais. Kadangi kartkartėmis tenka priminti viename ar kitame knygos skyriuje jau aptartus dalykus, tai paranku, regis, ir atskirose publikacijose palikti jų numeraciją tokią, kokia ji yra knygoje, nepernumeruojant kaskart nuo §1. Keturi straipsniai šios knygos pagrindu jau skelbti: tai „Maironis ir senoji tradicija“1, apimantis knygos §1–11, 15, 19, 21, 28, 33; „Dieviškoji daina“2, atitinkantis knygos §40; „Maironio mįslė“3, neatitinkantis jokio knygos skyriaus, o kiek giliau nagrinėjantis §46 užsimintą vieną atskirą atvejį; ir „Verpiamos, audžiamos dainos ir žosmės“ (knygos §42–45)4. Skaičius skliaustuose po Maironio citatos reiškia puslapį knygoje: Maironis 1988. Šiuo §47 knygos skyriumi remiantis 7-ajame Prigimtinės kultūros seminare „Žinios, žinojimas ir žinija“ (Rumšiškės, 2014.06.27–30) skaitytas pranešimas „Žinojimas kaip regėjimas“.The object of the article consists of the lyricism of the Lithuanian poetic patriarch, Maironis, which has already been discussed by the author, from different angles, in a few previous articles of the author. The goal – to show its deep ties with ancient Lithuanian and, even deeper, Indo- European tradition (poetics, folklore, mythology, religion). This time, the concept of “poetic” or “spiritual vision” in Maironis’ poetry, and also in ancient Lithuanian and some other ancient mytho-poetic traditions, is discussed. By coincidence, which nevertheless is particularly meaningful, the very surname of Maironis, Mačiulis, grammatically could be (and historically really was) understood as a diminutive from mačius – “the one with good sight, he who sees, seer”. The article discusses §47 of the unpublished book Maironis – the bard of perennial tradition (Maironis – praamžės tradicijos dainius) by the author
Maironis’ God, beyond destiny, dreams, and the ox’s prayer: Maironis - the bard of perennial tradition. §12-14, 20, 29-31, 37
No full textThe object of the article is the lyricism of the Lithuanian poetic patriarch, Maironis, who has already been discussed by the author from different angles in a few previous articles. The goal is to show its deep ties with ancient Lithuanian and, even deeper ties with Indo-European tradition (poetics, folklore, mythology, religion). This time, several traditional ideas are discussed: 1) the syncretistic image of God (Lith. Dievas), considering the Vedic Deva in some translations of the Rigveda by Maironis (though being himself a Catholic priest); 2) the concept of God’s Trial, taking into account some ancient sources of Lithuanian mythology; 3) the idea of the warrior’s death as a “good death”, ensuring him a destiny beyond the grave; 4) the concept of death as oblivion and, vice versa, of ressurection and life as recollection, remembrance; 5) the concept of dreams, (Lith. sapnas, as “sway” – Lith. supti [cf. Lith. Svaja – “daydream”, cognate to Eng. sway]); 6) the idea of life and world as a dream; 7) the ancient traditional image of the “vast earth”; and, finaly, 8) the figure of the “ox’s prayer” best known from the Iranian Avesta and used by Maironis, oddly enough, as if to express the Lithuanian “soul cry”. The article amounts to the §12–14, 20, 29–31, 37 of the unpublished book Maironis – the Bard of Perennial Tradition (“Maironis – praamžės tradicijos dainius”) by the author
Creating and developing innovation at companies.
No full textSantrauka užsienio kalba (Summary) Author of paper: Dainius Berčiūnas Full title of the paper: Creating and developing innovation at companies Paper advisor: assist. Darius Ruželė The author aims to deepen the knowledge and understanding of innovation concept as well as development stages by analyzing existing academic literature in the first part of this project work. The second part of work includes the investigation and analysis done by the author in order to investigate author’s new innovation idea – company’s brand promotion using personal cars driven by students. It was important to find out willingness of the companies and students to implement the idea of promoting brand of a company on the cars of students. Another focus of analysis is to indicate the demand in the local market of the idea itself. In order to achieve the goal of this project work it was divided into few smaller sections. First of all, it is focused to revise and explain the concept, main existing theories and the importance of innovation. Secondly, by analyzing academic literature it is being introduced the creation process and the development stages of innovation. Furthermore, after performing academic literature review, it was significant to continue with actual investigation of the new innovation idea possible implementation demand. Finally, the last part of this paper consists of the analysis description as well as emphasis of main conclusion and recommendation. To briefly summarize this paper, it can be mentioned that it is important to analyze existing practices and theory on innovation in order to implement and develop them inside the companies. If talking about the success of main author’s idea, after performed analysis can be stated that this new innovation idea is worth to be implemented in the companies, which aim to increase their brand awareness with spending relatively low part of income for advertising
The Assessment of Suicide Risk in People with Organic Depression.
No full textAuthor: Dainius Juodenis Thesis topic: The Assessment of Suicide Risk in People with Organic Depression. Research goal: To assess the risk of suicidal behaviour in people with organic depression. Research tasks: 1. To assess social demographic factors of people with organic depression. 2. To assess depression symptoms of people with organic depression. 3. To assess the correlation between the risk of suicidal behaviour and depression symptoms of people with organic depression. Methods: A survey was carried out by providing 6 versions of part C of MINI (Mini international neuropsychiatric interview) questionnaire in Lithuanian, interview on suicidal propensity. The severity of depression was assessed based on Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale; gender, age, marital status, education, and nature of work were considered in the groups of social demographic questions. Respondents’ related somatic diseases in the questionnaire were grouped based on TLK 10-AM. Participants of research: LSMU KK patients with organic depression and patients in the Psychiatry Clinic. Results: the model of regression analysis showed the following ratios of higher odds for medium or high risk of suicide: women, persons, who do intellectual work, moderate or severe depression, for patients who suffer from bloodstream, musculoskeletal or neurological disorders, and patients who suffer from organic depression. Conclusions: 1. Marital status and gender have statistically significant influence on the risk of organic depression. 2. More than a half of respondents suffered from organic depression, and its symptoms were expressed moderately. 3. Patients with organic depression which symptoms were expressed moderately or significantly have medium or high risk of suicide
Speaking, singing rivers: Maironis - the bard of perennial tradition. §38-39
No full textStraipsnį sudaro knygos „Maironis – praamžės tradicijos dainius“ du skyriai. Knygoje nagrinėjamos Maironio poezijos (lyrikos) sąsajos su lietuvių, baltų, indoeuropiečių ir kitų senųjų tradicijų archajiškais, archetipiniais mitiniais vaizdiniais. Kadangi kartkartėmis tenka priminti viename ar kitame knygos skyriuje jau aptartus dalykus, tai paranku, regis, ir atskirose publikacijose palikti jų numeraciją tokią, kokia ji yra knygoje, nepernumeruojant kaskart nuo §1. Penki straipsniai šios knygos pagrindu jau skelbti: tai „Maironis ir senoji tradicija“1, apimantis knygos §1–11, 15, 19, 21, 28, 33; „Dieviškoji daina“2, atitinkantis knygos §40; „Maironio mįslė“3, neatitinkantis jokio knygos skyriaus, o kiek giliau nagrinėjantis §46 užsimintą vieną atskirą atvejį; „Verpiamos, audžiamos dainos ir žosmės“ (knygos §42–45)4 ir „Dausų regėtojas“ (§47)5. Šįsyk – kalbančio Nemuno ir archajiški (praamžiai) besiliejančios, tekančios kaip upė kalbõs, dainos vaizdiniai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Etimologija; Indoeuropietiška tradicija; Kalbančios ir dainuojančios upės; Lietuvių poezija; Maironis; Poezija; Tylinčios upės; Etymology; Indo-European tradition; Lithuanian poetry; Maironis; Mute rivers; Poetry; Speaking and singing riversThe object of the article consists of the lyricism of the Lithuanian poetic patriarch, Maironis, which has already been discussed by the author, from different angles, in a few previous articles. The goal is to show its deep ties with ancient Lithuanian and, even deeper, Indo-European tradition (poetics, folklore, mythology, religion). This time, the image of “speaking” or “singing rivers” in Maironis’ poetry, and also in ancient Lithuanian and some other ancient mythopoetic traditions, is discussed. The image is connected to the well known metaphor of the streaming, flowing speech or song. Close to this image is also the one of the “mute river”, which, particularly, lies at the base of the etymology of the biggest Lithuanian river Nemunas (the root nem- / mem- “to be mute”) described by Maironis as telling some secrets about the past to be understood only for the one who would recall in their heart the ancient Lithuanian spirit and dignity
Prūsijos gynybos organizavimo principai ir žemėvalda XVI a. pradžioje, remiantis Vokiečių ordino kariniais dokumentais | Land Ownership and Principles of the Organisation of Defence in Early 16th-Century Prussia Based on Military Documents …
No full textThe results of the Thirteen Years’ War (1454–1466) did not remove the tensions between Poland and the Teutonic Order. A new conflict emerged at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries, as the Teutonic Order sought to get rid of the Polish king’s protection of the Order’s dominions in Prussia, established under the terms of the Peace of Thorn (Toruń), some of which were not met at all. The article examines several historical sources prepared for the eventual war in Prussia and published a long ago. These are the Military Regulations (Kriegsordnung) of 1507, and two lists of property owners of the Memel (Klaipėda) Command (Komturei) who were to perform their military obligations, dated by previous research to around 1500 or 1510–1520. The connection between these documents has not so far been examined, although the author of the article assumed the existence of a connection a dozen years ago. The author examines this connection in detail, by discussing the emergence of these documents and the efforts of their initiators to adapt innovations in the organisation of defence borrowed from the Holy Roman Empire to the practices of the Teutonic Order. By examining the content of the sources and the statistical information they provide, the article raises a separate question: to what extent do the statistics generated by these sources make it possible to get details about land ownership in Prussia in the early 16th century
Impact of operational excellence practices on operational performance.
No full textPaper consists of 60 pages, 11 figures, 20 tables, 40 references. The main purpose of this master thesis is to investigate the impact of methodical and regular application of operational excellence methods and techniques on the results of operational activities in the tactical level operational units of Lithuanian business enterprises. The work has been performed in four stages – review of the literature on operational excellence, preparation of research methodology, execution of the survey, analysis of survey results. During literature review, the author found that the main general principles on which operational excellence practices are based are: 1) refining strategic objectives and linking them to indicators at the operational level; 2) operational management by standardizing processes, training staff, planning, coordinating, and controlling operations; 3) performance improvement by optimizing processes, solving problems, and ensuring error prevention; 4) methodical implementation of transformations in response to changes in the market, technologies and tools. The outlined principles has served as structural blocks of a hypothetical model of operational excellence, consisting of specific elements of operational excellence (methods and techniques). The aim of the study was to refine the structure of the model and to determine the impact of regular and methodical application of operational excellence methods and techniques on operational performance. The author found that the influence varies depending on the methodicality and regularity of the practices and the influence is greater when evaluating the elements separately in comparison when combining them into models. From this, the author concluded that in order to influence the results through operational excellence practices, a selective-programmatic approach is needed, where a unique solution is applied in each situation. The author believes that this work will contribute to the development of the theme of operational excellence in Lithuania and will provide the necessary knowledge and insights to achieve the set results of operational quality for many users of the quality management discipline
Immunities of diplomats and their implementation in the republic of lithuania.
No full textThis master's thesis covers the historical evolution of diplomatic immunities and shows how the theoretical basis for diplomatic immunities changed along the historical periods. These days the main source for diplomatic law and diplomatic immunities is the 1961 Vienna convention on diplomatic relations that is based not only on the dominant functional necessity theory, but also is influenced by the territorial representation theory. The thesis researches a few of the main and most vital diplomatic immunities: personal inviolability, immunity from criminal, civil and administrative jurisdiction. The research shows that diplomats in the Republic of Lithuania abuse most commonly abuse their personal inviolability and the immunity from administrative jurisdiction. Commonly occurring abuses of diplomatic immunities raise the question of compliance with the principle of functional necessity. Meanwhile in Lithuania, immunity of administrative jurisdiction requires a closer look by the legislator to ensure clear regulation. The author takes a deeper look into some of the most important privileges of diplomats: exemption of taxes, exemption from all duties of the receiving state, customs privileges and free movement within the receiving state. The analysis shows, that the implementation of the mentioned privileges is unclear and requires action of the legislator to ensure the compliance of laws and executive acts. Also, action of the legislator is required in ensuring the clear regulation of executive acts in the field of tax exemption and especially customs privileges, which are especially unclear
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