461 research outputs found
Ten minutes with Jamiu Busari, Consultant Paediatrician and Dean, Horacio Oduber Hospital Academy, Aruba
No full text
Capabilities, innovation and entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa
Get PDFThis paper takes a capability approach to analyze the role of entrepreneurship in the socio-economic development of present-day Sub Saharan Africa. The paper zooms in on the nature of the capabilities that are built through the development of entrepreneurship; the key challenges to the development of such capabilities in a Sub Saharan African context; and the question to what extent successful entrepreneurship in Africa entails the development of a specifically African version of such capabilities. The analysis is based on in-depth case studies of entrepreneurship and capability formation in different African countries, which offer complementary insights. The most successful cases exhibit a highly creative management strategy that is neither completely western, nor solely wedded to African traditions and values. Rather, it revolves around negotiating the interface between these socio-cultural spheres by forging new, creative mixtures in which the strengths of both are combined and conflicts and trade-offs are managed more or less successfully. In the context of the socio-cultural transformation that Africa is currently undergoing in a fast globalizing world, the mastery of this complex art by local entrepreneurs is identified as the most fundamental capability for fostering business success, human development and increased societal wellbeing
Les J.O., fête sportive, enjeu économique. L'impact de la météorologie
No full textAbstract : The Winter Olympic Games, the impact of weather conditions. The author shows hereafter the impact of weather conditions in the organization of the Winter Olympic Games as well, with respect of setting up the Games as for event processes. Requested needs and final system to be run for the occasion are described. As regards of both local and regional economy, the author emphasizes how important is the action of METEO FRANCE. However it is not realy easy to quantify such repercussion.Résumé : Les J.O., fête sportive, enjeu économique. L'impact de la météorologie. L'auteur présente ici l'impact de la météorologie sur l'organisation, la mise en place et le déroulement des J.O., aussi bien en ce qui concerne les 5 années précédant les Jeux que les Jeux eux-mêmes. Il décrit les besoins à satisfaire et le système mis en place à cette occasion. En conclusion, l'auteur tente de montrer l'importance de l'action menée par MÉTÉO FRANCE au regard des retombées économiques, que ce soit au plan local ou régional et même national.Resumen : Juegos Olimpicos, el impacto de la metereologia. El autor presenta el impacto de la metereologia en la organización, la preparación y el desarrollo de los Juegos Olimpicos tanto en los cinco aňos précédentes a los Juegos como durante los Juegos. Describe las necesidades surgidas y los medios utili-zados para satisfacerlas. El autor intenta demostrar la importancia de la acción llevada a cabo por METEO- FRANCE en el terreno económico tanto en el piano local, regional e incluso nacionál.Bellocq André. Les J.O., fête sportive, enjeu économique. L'impact de la météorologie. In: Revue de géographie alpine, tome 79, n°3, 1991. pp. 89-98
Zero-inertia instabilities in rheopectic fluids
No full textThe emergence of fluid instabilities in the relevant limit of vanishing fluid inertia (i.e., arbitrarily close to zero Reynolds number) has been investigated for the well-known Kolmogorov flow. The time-lagged viscosity change from lower to higher values due to shear changes is the crucial ingredient for the instabilities to emerge. This behavior characterizes the so-called rheopectic fluids. The instability does not emerge in shear-thinning or -thickening fluids where viscosity adjustment to local shear occurs instantaneously. No instability arbitrarily close to zero Reynolds number is either observed in thixotropic fluids, even though the viscosity adjustment time to shear is finite like in rheopectic fluids. Numerical tools (through suitable eigenvalue problems from the linear stability analysis) and multiple-scale homogenization techniques are utilized to lead to our conclusions. Our findings may have important consequences in all situations where purely hydrodynamic fluid instabilities or mixing are inhibited due to negligible inertia, such as in microfluidics. To trigger mixing in these situations, suitable (not necessarily viscoelastic) non-Newtonian fluid solutions appear as a valid answer. Our results open interesting questions and challenges in the field of smart (fluid) materials
A systematic review of the impact of intensive care admissions on post discharge cognition in children
No full textUnderstanding how hospitalization affects cognitive development is crucial to safeguard children's cognition; however, there is little research evaluating the associations between NICU or PICU hospitalization and survivors' cognition. The objective of this study is to identify and characterize the associations between a neonatal or pediatric ICU hospitalization and the short- and longterm cognition of survivors. The databases Cochrane Library, Medline, EBSCO, Embase, and Google Scholar and the journals JAMA Pediatrics, Journal of Pediatrics, Pediatrics, Archives of Disease in Childhood, Academic Pediatrics, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine and Child Development were searched until April 2021. Retrieved article references were analyzed. Included articles investigated cognition as an outcome of ICU hospitalization in non-preterm neonatal or pediatric patients. Case studies and studies analyzing diagnosis or treatment interventions were excluded. Four prospective cohort or case-control studies and two retrospective cohort studies were included, totaling 2172 neonatal and 42368 pediatric patients. Quality assessment using the BMJ Criteria and Cochrane Collaboration's Risk-of-Bias tool displayed good results. Significant negative associations were found between neonatal cognition and length-of-ICU-stay at 9- (p<0.001) and 24 months (p<0.01), and between pediatric cognition and length-of-ICU-stay at discharge (p<0.001). Additional weeks on the neonatal ICU increased odds of impairment at 9- (OR 1.08, 95%CI 1.034-1.112) and 24 months (OR 1.11, 95%CI 1.065-1.165).Conclusion: There is a significant negative correlation between NICU and PICU hospitalization and the short- and long-term cognitive status. Future research must identify patient- and hospital-related risk factors and develop management strategies
Educating doctors in the clinical workplace: Unraveling the process of teaching and learning in the medical resident as teacher
No full textIn recent years, higher medical education has witnessed major changes
in the structure and content of postgraduate medical training. Seven
professional competencies have been described that address the medical
doctors′ ability to effectively communicate and transfer medical
information, interact effectively and professionally, and demonstrate a
good grasp of clinical knowledge and skills. Proficiency in didactic
skills, however, is an important competency that has not received
prominent attention. In the clinical setting, attending-physicians and
medical residents are responsible for teaching. Consequently, several
medical institutions have proposed the need for teacher training
programs to improve the teaching skills of attending doctors and
medical residents. The supporters of these programs believe that
through teaching, medical doctors improve their individual professional
and clinical problem-solving abilities. Hence, it is logical to assume
that didactic skills′ training would contribute to the
professional development of doctors. In this paper, we re-examine the
underlying theory of the didactic proficiency, how it relates to the
clinical setting, and why it may be beneficial for the professional
training of medical residents
#UsToo: implicit bias, meritocracy and the plight of black minority leaders in healthcare
No full textIn the fall of 2017, the #MeToo movement ushered in one of the most astonishing revolts against the perils of workplace-related harassment. Several unsuccessful campaigns geared towards ending the harassment and subjugation of women in corporate organisations finally got a thrust that resulted in significant and far-reaching changes in many organisations. While the #MeToo movement highlighted the pains and struggles of gender inequality over the years, an unintended consequence has been the shadow it has cast over the plight of other minority groups facing harassment in the workplace. In several academic and healthcare (learning) environments, people of colour, like women, face explicit and implicit forms of harassment on a regular, if not daily basis. Unlike gender harassment, however, racial harassment affects both sexes with relatively more predominance among men. The effect of racial harassments does not just impact performance and self-confidence but also influences the opportunities available to black professionals to advance their academic and professional careers. In the academic and healthcare industries, the issue of how to tackle implicit bias and unfair practices is not clear-cut. While the subjugated feel the impact of bias, the perpetrators of the actions either lack the ability (or are unwilling) to acknowledge these biases. Furthermore, the complexities inherent to the different contexts make it problematic if not impossible, to call out racist behaviours. In this paper, a real-life case scenario is used to provide a scholarly analysis of the dynamics of racial harassment, implicit bias and the impact on minority leader roles in healthcare delivery
Educating doctors in the clinical workplace: Unraveling the process of teaching and learning in the medical resident as teacher
No full textIn recent years, higher medical education has witnessed major changes
in the structure and content of postgraduate medical training. Seven
professional competencies have been described that address the medical
doctors′ ability to effectively communicate and transfer medical
information, interact effectively and professionally, and demonstrate a
good grasp of clinical knowledge and skills. Proficiency in didactic
skills, however, is an important competency that has not received
prominent attention. In the clinical setting, attending-physicians and
medical residents are responsible for teaching. Consequently, several
medical institutions have proposed the need for teacher training
programs to improve the teaching skills of attending doctors and
medical residents. The supporters of these programs believe that
through teaching, medical doctors improve their individual professional
and clinical problem-solving abilities. Hence, it is logical to assume
that didactic skills′ training would contribute to the
professional development of doctors. In this paper, we re-examine the
underlying theory of the didactic proficiency, how it relates to the
clinical setting, and why it may be beneficial for the professional
training of medical residents
Generatieverschillen: relevant voor de Nederlandse specialistenopleiding
No full textProvision of care is increasingly being tailored to patients' wishes, which means that insight into the ideas, norms and values of the care-consumer are required. This approach is also beginning to filter through into medical education. We can differentiate generations on the basis of shared opinions, because groups with shared experiences usually share the same values. This is a useful line of approach if we wish to serve different generations of consumers better. At the moment there are four different generations influencing the setup and division of the healthcare services and relevant to medical education in the coming decades. Future education methods will have to be in line with the wishes of the generation from which new doctors come. In order to achieve better care for patients it is important to give 'thinking in generations' more attention in medical education
- …
